2. Nutrient Basics
Natural Nutrients C–H–O
A
N
T
A I
Macro Nutrients N–P–K N
G
O T
N E
I R
Z
Secondary Nutrients Ca – Mg – S A
E C
T
Micro Nutrients B – Cl – Co - Cu – Fe – Mo
– Mn – Na – Ni - Si - Zn
www.Satyajit.co
7. Nitrogen
• Yellowing of older leaves at bottom of plant
• Foliage overall is light green
• Yellowing of stem & it becomes spindly
Deficiency
• 0.5 – 6.0 %
Optimum
Concentration
• Dark green foliage
• Susceptible to drought, diseases, insect invasion
• Fruit & seed crop may fail to yield
Toxicity
www.Satyajit.co
8. Phosphorus
• Small leaves may take on a reddish purple tint
• Leaf tips can look burnt & older leaves look black
• Reduced fruit or seed production
Deficiency
• 0.15 – 0.5 %
Optimum
Concentration
• May cause micronutrient deficiency mainly
Fe & Zn
Toxicity
www.Satyajit.co
9. Potassium
• Older leaves may look scorched around edges or
wilted
• Development of interveinal chlorosis (yellowing
between leaf veins)
Deficiency
• 0.8 – 8.0 %
Optimum
Concentration
• May cause secondary micronutrient deficiency
mainly Ca & Mg
Toxicity
www.Satyajit.co
10. Calcium
• New leaves are distorted or hook shaped
• The growing tip may die
Deficiency
• 0.1 – 6.0 %
Optimum
Concentration
• May cause deficiency mainly K & Mg
Toxicity
Rice
www.Satyajit.co
11. Magnesium
• Slow growth & leaves turn pale yellow, sometime on
the outer edges
• New growth may be yellow with dark spots
Deficiency
• 0.05 – 1.0 %
Optimum
Concentration
• Higher concentration tolerated by plant;
however, imbalance with K & Ca may reduce growth
Toxicity
www.Satyajit.co
12. Sulphur
• New growth turns pale yellow
• Older growth stays green
• Stunts growth
Deficiency
• 0.1 – 1.5 %
Optimum
Concentration
• Premature dropping of leaves
Toxicity
www.Satyajit.co
13. Boron
• Poor stem & root growth
• Terminal buds may die
• Witches brooms sometimes form
Deficiency
• 0.2 – 800 ppm
Optimum
Concentration
• Leaf tips become yellow followed by necrosis
• Leaves get a scorched appearance & later fall-off
Toxicity
www.Satyajit.co
14. Copper
• Stunted growth
• Leaves can become limp, curl or drop
• Seed stalks also become limp & bend over
Deficiency
• 2.0 – 50 ppm
Optimum
Concentration
• No known toxicity symptoms
Toxicity
www.Satyajit.co
15. Iron
• Intervenial chlorosis of youngest leaves
• Evolves into an overall chlorosis & end
as totally bleached leaves
Deficiency
• 20 – 600 ppm
Optimum
Concentration
• Possible bronzing of leaves with tiny
brown spots
Toxicity
Interveinal Chlorosis
Rice
www.Satyajit.co
16. Manganese
• Growth slows, younger leaves turn pale yellow, often starting
between veins
• May develop dark or dead spots
• Leaves, shoots & fruit get diminished in size, failure to bloom
Deficiency
• 10 – 600 ppm
Optimum
Concentration
• Older leaves have brown spots surrounded by a chlorotic circle
or zone
Toxicity
www.Satyajit.co
17. Zinc
• Yellowing between veins of new growth
• Terminal leaves may form a rosette
Deficiency
• 10 – 250 ppm
Optimum
Concentration
• May cause Fe deficiency in some
plants
Toxicity
Rice
www.Satyajit.co
18. Molybdenum
• Older leaves yellow, remaining foliage turns light
green
• Leaves can become narrow & distorted
Deficiency
• 0.1 – 10 ppm
Optimum
Concentration
• No known toxicity symptoms
Toxicity
www.Satyajit.co
19. Synopsis
Nitrogen
Uniform over leaf,
small leaves
Sulphur
if symptoms also
Chlorosis on young leaves
Interveinal or
Magnesium
blotchy
Old & mature
leaves
Tip or edge scorch,
interveinal Phosphorous
yellowing/browning
Necrosis
Interveinal or
bloctchy, varying Magnesium
shades of color
www.Satyajit.co
20. Synopsis
Sulphur,
Uniform over leaf
Iron
Leaf edges purple,
Chlorosis interveinal Sulphur
yellowing, cupping
Interveinal or Zinc, Manganese,
blotchy Iron, Copper
Young leaves
Interveinal blotches
and leaf edge Calcium
scorching
Necrosis
Yellow to brown
interveinal areas,
Boron
red to purple,
curled, torn leaves
www.Satyajit.co
21. Susceptibility
Micronutrients
Food/Crops
Boron Copper Iron Manganese Molybdenum Zinc
Bananas M - - - - -
Barley - H M M - M
Chick peas - - - - M -
Coconuts M - - - -
Field beans - - H H M H
Groundnuts H - H - M M
Maize M M - - M H
Oats - H - H M -
Pigeon peas - - - - M -
Potato M - - H - M
Rice - - M M - H
Sorghum - M H H - H
Soya Bean - - H H H H
Sugar beet H M - H M
Wheat - H M H M M
H – High Susceptibility M – Medium Susceptibility
www.Satyajit.co
22. Reach us
Satyajit Chemicals Pvt Ltd
306, Devavrata,
Sector 17, Vashi,
Navi Mumbai 400703
INDIA
Tel : +91-22-61331900
Fax : +91-22-61331999
info@satyajitchemicals.com
www.Satyajit.co
