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Coastal Erosion Control_RIFMA2016
- 1. Photo: November 12, 2010 Coastal Erosion Control: What Practices Can Be Used To Improve Resiliency? Rhode Island Flood Mitigation Association 2016 Conference James Boyd - Coastal Policy Analyst RI Coastal Resources Management Council
- 2. Map of ri Matunuck Misquamicut CRMC Type 1 Shoreline Providence CRMC Type 1 Conservation Areas (CRMP Section 200.1) “Included in this category are one or more of the following: (1) water areas that are within or adjacent to the boundaries of designated wildlife refuges and conservation areas, (2) water areas that have retained natural habitat or maintain scenic values of unique or unusual significance, and (3) water areas that are particularly unsuitable for structures due to their exposure to severe wave action, flooding, and erosion”
- 4. East Beach Quonochontaug Headland Rhode Island Coastal Barriers and Headlands Block Island Sound Ninigret Pond Quonochontaug Pond East Beach Barrier after Hurricane Carol 1954
- 5. Revetments can impeded public access along the shore • Riprap revetments most common along the RI South Shore • Predate the Coastal Resources Management Program • Shore Parallel structures cover about 15% of RI South Shore
- 7. CRMC regulations for construction of new shoreline protection facilities CRMP Section 300.7 • Prohibited on barriers and Type 1 shorelines • Prohibited when proposed to be used to regain property lost through historical erosion or events • Pre-existing structures can be maintained • Where shoreline protection is permissible applicants must demonstrate that they have exhausted all reasonable and practical alternatives including non-structural shoreline protection and relocation of the structure at risk
- 8. South Shore Shoreline Protection Structures Westerly Charlestown South Kingstown Narragansett CT
- 9. CRMC Shoreline Change Maps forCRMC Shoreline Change Maps for Washington CountyWashington County http://www.crmc.ri.gov/maps/maps_shorechange.html
- 10. Sea Level Rise Projections for Newport, RISea Level Rise Projections for Newport, RI Source: U.S. Army Corps
- 12. Experimental Coastal Erosion Control 1950’s Style Misquamicut Shoreline CRMC November 2012
- 17. Summary of CRMC Experimental RegulationsSummary of CRMC Experimental Regulations • Identifies two (2) allowable areas for use • Experimental techniques are considered short-term solutions and permissible only within allowable areas • Revetments, bulkheads, seawalls, groins, breakwaters or jetties are not experimental techniques • Technical Review Panel to consider proposed techniques • Requires a CRMC Preliminary Determination application (no fee) before filling a formal CRMC permit application • Detailed site plans and survey required; performance bond may be required • Illegal structures must be removed concurrently with the installation of approved experimental method • Site monitoring required to demonstrate effectiveness
- 18. CRMC Technical Review Panel (TRP)CRMC Executive Director CRMC Coastal Geologist CRMC Engineer CRMC Environmental Scientist DEM Director or Designee URI Ocean Engineering Professor University Coastal Geologist South Kingstown Municipal Official Westerly Municipal Official South Kingstown Town Resident (ex officio) Westerly Town Resident (ex officio) The TRP will determine feasibility of proposed technology or method for use in designated experimental areas.
- 19. Marine Mattresses Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
- 21. Sand-filled Geotextile Bags Photo Source: www.saltaire.org TrapBag - http://www.floodcontrolsystems.com Fire Island, NY
- 22. Source: NETCO http://netcomanage.com/ 9 feet long by 5 feet wide by 1 foot thick Coir Gabion Mattress Matunuck, RI “Soft” Bio-degradable Solutions Coir Envelopes Jerusalem, RI Coir envelopes anchored with 4” x 4” x 12’ white oak posts
- 23. Source: NETCO http://netcomanage.com/ ElcoRock Project White Cliffs Country Club in Plymouth, MA http://www.elcorock.com Geo-Synthetic Sand Containers 4,500 - 5,000kg per 2.5 m3 container
- 24. CRMC File 2015-07-045 Matunuck Geo-Synthetic Sand Container Project
- 26. Experimental coastal erosion control methods should be combined with beach replenishment for best results!
- 27. Amanda Wilcox, Time Warner Cable News Ken Blevins, Associated Press “North Carolina yet again shortsighted on sandbags” The News & Observer, February 19, 2016 “Sea walls, whether sandbags or concrete, placed on eroding coasts can be depended upon to destroy beaches.” Orrin H. Pilkey* *Professor Emeritus of geology at the Nicholas School of the Environment at Duke University
- 28. www.crmc.ri.gov Photo: RIDOT October 30, 2012 James Boyd - Coastal Policy Analyst jboyd@crmc.ri.gov Questions?
Editor's Notes
- New updated shoreline change maps are available on the CRMC web pages
- Shoreline protection structures must take into account projected SLR based on project design life CRMC adopted NOAA SLR curves in January 2016
- Shoreline Change (Beach) SAMP examining long-term solutions to address ongoing shoreline erosion problem
- Several properties in the Jerusalem Beach area had been experiencing extensive erosion to the point where foundations of the homes were becoming exposed. Due to regulatory restrictions, rock and gabion installations were not allowed. Thus, the homeowners evaluated a series of “soft” solutions to reduce both the rates of erosion and stabilize the coastal bank. With the help of their permitting consultant, the bank stabilization method selected was to install a series of coir envelopes (both straight line and “scalloped”) including use of white oak toe anchor posts. In addition, the installation involved sand nourishment to reestablish the slope of the coastal bank and provide coverage over the coir envelopes. NETCO completed the installation of the coir envelopes and stabilization system in four weeks, including the use of oscillating post driver. Close to 350 white oak posts (4″x 4″x 12′) were used as toe anchor posts. Gabion mattresses have long been used as an erosion control product to stabilize and reinforce coastal banks, stream banks, hillsides and beaches undergoing surface erosion. Traditional gabion mattresses have been made from either steel wire or plastic. In the last three years, NETCO has developed and tested a biodegradable coir fabric gabion mattress as an alternative product to traditional gabion mattresses that use high density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic materials or steel wire. The NETCO coir mattress design can be fabricated to meet almost any project configuration requirement. The mattress is a three layer 1,000 gram/layer coir system with an inner liner layer of jute/burlap and comes with internal baffles to hold the rock and sand from shifting. As with traditional gabion mattresses, the coir gabion mattress can be filled with sand, rock, or a combination of the two. The standard NETCO coir gabion mattress is 9 feet long by 5 feet wide by 1 foot in thickness. A common alternative mattress is 9 foot long by 5 feet wide by .5 feet (six inches) in thickness. NETCO will also fabricate the NETCO gabion mattresses to fit any project design. The coir gabion mattress was designed by NETCO to meet the increasing interest by property owners and regulatory bodies in placing sturdy, but biodegradable coastal and shoreline erosion control products in coastal environments. The durability of the coir mattress is outstanding in that it is normally deployed in project configurations where it will remain continuously covered with sand or other cover materials, thereby minimizing UV deterioration. NETCO has utilized the coir gabion mattress system for beach surface drainage layers under other, above ground beach and coastal bank erosion control materials (e.g., coir envelopes, gabion baskets, coir logs/waddles), walkways, as a coastal bank protection system, and as terrace structures on sandy/unstable soils.
- CRMC file 2015-07-045
- Sandbags line the beach in front of condominiums at Kure Beach in 2008. Sandbags were originally meant to offer threatened structures temporary protection, generally for two years, until a more permanent solution could be developed. Read more here: http://www.newsobserver.com/opinion/op-ed/article61357342.html#storylink=cpy “Enforce the state’s anti-seawall regulations and remember that sandbags are seawalls too.” “Institute a policy of retreat from the shoreline before the level of the sea rises more and erosion increases further.”