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Industry 4.0:An Overview
Prepared by
Name:Rafiatun Ferdous Khan
Id:1709004

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Industrial
Revolution
The Industrial Revolution, now also known as
the First Industrial Revolution, was the
transition to new manufacturing processes in
Europe and the United States, in the period
from about 1760 to sometime between 1820
and 1840
It was a time when the manufacturing of goods
moved from small shops and homes to large
factories.
This shift brought about changes in culture as
people moved from rural areas to big cities in
order to work.
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1.Hand production methods to machines
2.New chemical manufacturing and iron
production processes
3.Increasing use of steam power and water
power
4.Development of machine tools and the rise of
the mechanized factory system
6.Led to an unprecedented rise in the rise in the
rate of population growth
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Four Stages of Industrial Revolution
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The first
industrial
revolution
(1760-
1830)
-Shift in production done by hand to machine
-Introduction to power loom
-Mechanization of production facilities with water and steam
power
-Improvement in manufacturing and other process.
-30x increase in Iron production
-Made some major impacts on British society, including the
rise of factories, urbanization, humanitarian problems, and
improvements in transportation
-steam engines was one of the most important inventions of
the Industrial Revolution, steam engines power the first
trains, steamboats, and factories.
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Steam engine

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The
Second
Industrial
Revolution
(1870-
1969)
-it began in the 19th century through the discovery
of electricity and assembly line production. It was
called Technological Revolution.
-Introduction to the assembly line to the
slaughterhouses in 1870
-Gave rise to steel ,chemicals,petroleum and
electricity
-Development of steel and oil industry
-Expansion of railroads
-Electricity became the primary source of powerfor
factories,farms,homes
-Mass production,particularly consumer of goods
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The Third
Industrial
Revolution
(1970-
1990)
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-Beginning in the 1950s, the third industrial
revolution brought semiconductors, mainframe
computing, personal computing, and the Internet—
the digital revolution.
-use of electronics and computers yo automate
manufacturing worldwide
-In the world of the industries, two major
inventions, Programmable Logic Controllers
(PLCs) and Robots helped give rise to an era of
high-level automation.

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Industry 4.0:The Fourth Industrial
Revolution
Industry 4.0 signifies the promise of a new Industrial
Revolution one that marries advanced production and
operations techniques with smart digital technologies to
create a digital enterprise that would not only be
interconnected and autonomous but could communicate,
analyze, and use data to drive further intelligent action back
in the physical world.
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Industry 4.0 is based on six design principles
Interopera
bility:Cyber-
physical
system,human
s and smart
factories have
the abilities to
connect and
communicate
through the
internet of
things and
internet of
service
Virtualizati
on:virtual
copy of the
smart
factoryis
created by
linking
sensor data
with virtual
plant
models and
simulation
models
Decentralizati
on: Cyber-
Physical
systems within
smart factories
are able to
make
decisions on
their own
Real –
Time
capability
:provide
immediate
insightswit
h the
capability
to collect
&analyze
data
Service-
Orientati
on: offers
services
by way of
the
internet of
things
Modularity
:flexible
adaptation
of smart
factories
for the
changing
requiremen
ts of
individual
module
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•Greater Customization Through Additive
Manufacturing
•Full Integration of Advanced Analytics
•A Move Beyond Postmodern ERP
•Widespread Incorporation of the Internet of
Things
•Increased Reliance Upon the Cloud
•Autonomous (and Cooperative) Robots
•Enhanced Cybersecurity
The Key Components
of Industry 4.0
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Charactaristics of Industry 4.0
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1.Vertical networking of smart production
system
2.Horizontal integration via a new generation of
global value networks
3.Through-engineering across the entire value
chain
4.Accelaration through exponential technologies

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Technologies
used in
Industry 4.0
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Big data and
analysis
-full evaluation of available data
-real-time decision making support & optimization
Autonomous
Robots
-autonomous robots,co-operative industrial robots
-numerous integrated sensors and standardized
interface
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Simulations -simulation of value network
-optimization based on real-time data from
intelligent systems

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Horizontal &
vertical system
integratation
-cross company data integration based on data
transfer standerds.
-precondition for a fully automated value-chain.
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The Industrial
Internet of
Things
-network of machines and products
-multidirectional communication between
networked objects.
Cyber-security -operation in networks and open systems
-high level of networking between intelligent
machines,product,systems.

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The Cloud -management of huge data volumes in open
systems
-real-time communication for production systems
Additive
Manufacturing
-3d printing,particularly for spare parts and
prototypes
-decentralized 3d facilities to reduce transport
distances and inventory
Agumented
Reality
-augmented reality for maintainance,logistics and
all kinds of SOP
-display of supporting information

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Industry 4.0:Implementation pattern in manufacturing companies

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SUSTAINABLE
INDUSTRY 4.0
FRAMEOWRK

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-High
economic
costs
-Business
model
adaptation
-Unclear
economic
benefits/exc
essive
investment
-Privacy concerns
-Surveillance and
distrust
-General reluctance to
change by
stakeholders
-Threat of redundancy
of the corporate IT
department
-Loss of many jobs to
automatic processes
and IT-controlled
processes, especially
for blue collar workers
•Lack of
regulation,
standards
and forms
of
certificatio
ns
•Unclear
legal
issues and
data
security
•IT security issues, which are greatly
aggravated by the inherent need to open up
those previously closed production shops
•Reliability and stability needed for critical
machine-to-machine communication (M2M),
including very short and stable latency times
•Need to maintain the integrity of production
processes
•Need to avoid any IT snags, as those would
cause expensive production outages
•Need to protect industrial know-how
(contained also in the control files for the
industrial automation gear
Economic Social Political Organizational
Challenges in implementation of Industry 4.0

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Higher
Labor
Productivity
Industry 4.0
Outcomes
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Industry 4.0 and Bangladesh garments industry
The Annual Survey of the Industries of Bangladesh
reveals that the manufacturing is dominated by
having 96.5% of the industrial establishments and
86% of them contain the apparel products. There
are more than about 5000 garment factories,
almost 4.4 million people are working. According to
the US Green Building Council (USGBC), there are
67 Leadership in Eergy and Environmental Design
(LEED) green factories in the RMG sector in
Bangladesh. Among them, 13 is LEED Platinum
rated, when more than 280 factories are registered
with USGBC for LEED certification.
“Garments will be the worst sufferer of Industry 4.0
revolution as there is a possibility of 27 lakh or 60
percent of jobs being lost,” said Anir Chowdhury,
Policy Adviser of the a2i project.
There are very few applications or applications of
automation in important manufacturing industries
related to RMG. Therefore, the existence of
industrial 4.0 and its establishment level has not
yet been proved in Bangladesh. Some themes
have been allocated in relation to the issues
related to the implementation of the industries in
Bangladesh. The themes are shown in the table
based on the results of the interview.
Lack of
govern
ment
support
Lack of
knowled
ge
Poor
Infrastru
cture
Availabil
ity of
cheaper
labor
Expensi
ve
installati
on of
technolo
gy
9/10 7/10 10/10 10/10 10/10
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Not only this issue but a sudden
change in the new industrial
revolution can also hit hard in
many terms as in different areas.
For applying new revolution steps
by steps footprint is necessary or it
only creates chaos. Bangladesh
still couldn’t fully absorb the third
industrial revolution
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Benefits of Industry 4.0
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Industrial
revolutions
and future
view
INDUSTRY 5.0 is future, but already
penetrating trend, of change processes
directing towards closer cooperation
between man and machine, and
systematic prevention of waste and
wasting including INDUSTRIAL
UPCYCLING.
INDUSTRY 5.0 priority is to utilize efficiently workforce of machines and people, in
synergy environment. It goes back from virtuál environment to real one.
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Industry 4.0
valuate best
quantity and mass
production,
Industry 5.0
valuate the
standard,creativity
and high
Quality custom
made products.

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Thank You
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