1. SRI BALAJI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY A SEMINAR ON COGNITIVE RADIO SUBMITTED TO :- SUBMITTED BY :- TEJPAL JHAJHRIA POORAN CHAND
2. What is Cognitive Radio CR can be defined as “ …a radio that is aware of its surroundings and adapts intelligently ”. This may require adaptation and intelligence at all the 7 layers of the “OSI” model. working definition is:- “ A CR uses intelligent signal processing (ISP) at the physical layer of a wireless system and is achieved by combining ISP with software defined radio (SDR) ”.
3.
4. Cognitive Radio Operation Normal Urgent Establish Priority Negotiate Immediate Negotiate Protocols Generate Alternate Goals Determine “Best” Known Waveform Generate “Best” Waveform Allocate Resources Initiate Processes Orient Infer from Context Parse Stimuli Pre-process Plan Normal Learn New States Observe Outside World Decide Act User Driven (Buttons) Autonomous Determine “Best” Plan Infer from Radio Model States
5. Cognitive Radio Operation Determine “Best” Known Waveform Allocate Resources Initiate Processes Observe Outside World Decide Act User Driven (Buttons ) Autonomous
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15. Application of cognitive radio 1.ExtendingMobileNetwork 2. Over Night Back-Up System 3. Outside Broad casting 4. Open-air Events 5. Mobile Video Services 6. Covert Military Radio 7. Emergency Radio System 8. Multi technology Phone
Level 0 – No Cognitive Operations Level 1 – Minimal Cognition Establishes Minimum Cognition Cycle Requires ability to observe environment Environment includes RF, Network, Location, and Time Level 2 - Knowledgeable of Application Provides context to interpret stimuli from environment May provide additional information to better decide which waveform to implement e.g. Higher throughput for Data, Lower latency for voice Level 3 – Knowledgeable of Radio, Network, Channel Utilizes specific models to improve value of observations Level 4 – Has several alternate strategies Now chooses best strategy and best waveform to implement strategy Level 5 – Possible to coordinate actions with other radios Negotiation can be “Do you know this waveform?” or “Are you willing to pay $ for this service?” Level 6 – Learning Begins Significant Increase in complexity, may require AI Learning is based on observations and decisions At this stage CR can autonomously learn new models of the environment This is used to improve observations, orientation and decisions Level 7 – New Plans are learned in addition to pre-programmed plans Level 8 – CR can invent new waveforms. Must now Generate Best Waveform in response to selected plan. Implies need to negotiate protocols
Level 0 – No Cognitive Operations Level 1 – Minimal Cognition Establishes Minimum Cognition Cycle Requires ability to observe environment Environment includes RF, Network, Location, and Time Level 2 - Knowledgeable of Application Provides context to interpret stimuli from environment May provide additional information to better decide which waveform to implement e.g. Higher throughput for Data, Lower latency for voice Level 3 – Knowledgeable of Radio, Network, Channel Utilizes specific models to improve value of observations Level 4 – Has several alternate strategies Now chooses best strategy and best waveform to implement strategy Level 5 – Possible to coordinate actions with other radios Negotiation can be “Do you know this waveform?” or “Are you willing to pay $ for this service?” Level 6 – Learning Begins Significant Increase in complexity, may require AI Learning is based on observations and decisions At this stage CR can autonomously learn new models of the environment This is used to improve observations, orientation and decisions Level 7 – New Plans are learned in addition to pre-programmed plans Level 8 – CR can invent new waveforms. Must now Generate Best Waveform in response to selected plan. Implies need to negotiate protocols
