Shivani Singh M.Sc final Department of environmental science KNIPSS Sultanpur

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 What is Ozone ?
 What is ODS?
 Its sources
 Montreal Protocol
 Ozone depleting substances identified by Montreal Protocol.
 Ozone depleting substances controlled by Montreal Protocol
 Weakness
 Progression
 Is Montreal Protocol really working ?
 My view

3. WHAT IS OZONE

5. OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES

6. MONTREAL PROTOCOL
Montreal protocol on substances that deplete the
ozone layer is an international treaty designed to
protect the ozone layer by phasing out the
production of numerous substances(ODS) believed
to be responsible for ozone depletion
The treaty was opened for signature on september
16,1987, and entered into force on January
1,1989,followed by a first meeting in Helsinki, may
1989. since, then it has undergone seven revisions.
CURRENT STATUS – ratified by all 197 UN
members.

7. OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES IDENTIFIED
BY MONTREAL PROTOCOL
Substances Ozone depleting potential
Chlorofluorocarbons CFCs 0.6 – 1.0
Halons 3 - 10
Carbon tetrachloride 1.1
Methyl bromide 0.6
Hydrochloroflourocarbons 0.01 - 0.5
Methyl chloroform 0.1

10. Air Conditioners Refrigerator

11. Fire Extinguisher Aerosol cans

13. OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES CONTROLLED BY
MONTREAL PROTOCOL
• At first these chemicals included refrigerants
such as CFCs and halons, but the list of
controlled chemicals under the Montreal
Protocol today includes mainly HCFCs, methyl
bromide, and other ozone depleting inorganic
substances (ODS)

14. Its Effects
Depletion of Ozone layer have several effects
which are as follows:-
 Human beings
 Agriculture
 Marine life
 Animals

16. PROGRESSION
• CFCs targeted in Montreal protocol were initially
CFC-11 and CFC-12
• 80% of ODS were phased out were not replaced by
flourocarbons, but alternative chemicals

17. WEAKNESS
• Difficulty in monitoring the
detailed implementation
progress of individual
nations since it covers 197
nations
• Overlap in reporting
requirements which parties
must submit to the
secretariat.

18. IS MONTREAL PROTOCOL REALLY
WORKING
Perhaps the single most successful international agreement to
date has been the Montreal protocol – KOFI ANNAN, former
secretary general of the United Nations.
 The total abundance of ozone depleting gases in the
atmosphere has begun to decrease in recent years.
 Some individual gases such as halons and HCFCs are still
increasing in the atmosphere, but will begin to decrease in
the next decades if compliance with the protocol continues.

19. THE SUCCESS CONTINUES……
• Approximately one half the observed ozone
change was in the region of the stratosphere
above 11 miles and the rest in the lower
stratosphere from 6 to 11 miles.
• In 1980s scientist first noticed the harmful
human activities in the atmospheric zone.

21. Ozone Concentration of Past & Future

22. Upcoming

23. What we have to do ?
Awareness program for the people.
 Educate and promote the environmental
education
Avoid, minimise and ban ODS.
Use eco-friendly and non-conventional energy
subordinates and products.

26. MY VIEW
At individual level each & everyone can also
contribute towards reducing ozone layer
depletion. Using of public transport, saving of
energy, buying & using recycled products can
do a lot in combating ozone layer depletion.
Its not only the responsibility of Montreal but
our also to protect our earth from Harmful
UV-B radiation.

27. References
 Sodhi G.S.,Fundamental concepts of environmental
chemistry,2nd edition,chapter19.depletion of stratospheric
ozone, page 284-292
 http://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=http://www.ciesin.org/
TG/PI?POLICY/montpro.html&ei=Lq5Wj1qj&lc=en-
IN&s=1&m=258&host=www.google.co.in&ts=1474538561&si
g=AKOVD65pxiWEmTUVMoQOGwVBCRrLAWmlA
 https://googleweblight.com/?lite_url=https://www.environm
ent.gov.au/protection/ozone/ozone -depleting-
substances&ei=vN7DLbY7&lc=en-
IN&s=1&m=258&host=www.google.co.in&ts=
1474538648&sig=AKOVD67of2upRKS_XZtkpoXJJgOVdMnisg

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