Reproduction in plants can occur through asexual and sexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction involves a single parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical clones. Methods include budding, spore formation, and fragmentation. Sexual reproduction requires two parents and fusion of male and female gametes. Flowers contain male stamens and female pistils that undergo pollination, fertilization, and fruit and seed formation to complete the sexual reproductive cycle in plants.

1. SEE
THINK
WONDER

2. Reproduction in plants
Grade 7

3. Reproduction
◦ Reproduction is production of offspring by a sexual or asexual process.
◦ Reproduction is process by which organisms replicate themselves.
◦ Reproduction is the biological process by which new individual organisms
– "offspring" – are produced from their "parents".
◦ Reproduction is to produce new generation.

4. PLANT
PARTS

5. REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS
Reproduction is the process of producing
young ones from their parents
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Single Parent is involved
Simple division of a plant
body into two or more Parts
or formation of spores
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Two parents are involved
Fusion of male and female
gametes produce zygote
which develop into seed
VEGETATIVE REPRODUCTION
Cell, tissue or part of an
organ of a plant develops
into a new organism

6. What is Asexual Reproduction?
Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction by which
offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the
genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of
gametes, and almost never changes the number of
chromosomes.
Asexual Reproduction, in short, is like making clones

8. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Formation of new plants from the cells of a single parent
Budding is a type of asexual
reproduction in which a new
organism develops from an
outgrowth or bud due to cell
division at one particular site. The
small bulb-like projection coming
out from the yeast cell is called a
bud. Since the reproduction is
asexual, the newly created
organism is a clone and
excepting mutations is genetically
identical to the parent organism.
Spore formation is a method of
asexual reproduction.
Plants like ferns, moss, fungi
reproduce by this method.
Spores are unicellular
reproductive bodies present in sac
called sporangia.
When spores mature sporangia
burst and spores are carried to
different location by air, wind,
water. When spores fall on a
suitable ground, they germinate
and develop new individuals.
Fragmentation, also known as
splitting, is a form of asexual
reproduction in which an
organism splits into fragments.
Each fragment develops into a
mature clone genetically and
morphologically identical to its
parent. The organism may
develop specific organs or zones
to shed or be easily broken off.

11. Types of Vegetative Reproduction
Stem:
◦ Stolons or Runners
◦ Rhizomes
◦ Tubers
◦ Bulbs
◦ Corm

12. Stolons or Runners
◦ It describes a horizontal stem running across or just under the ground.
A runner is a stolon which runs on the ground; a rhizome is the same
thing, but running underground.

13. Rhizomes
◦ Rhizome, also called creeping rootstalk, horizontal underground
plant stem capable of producing the shoot and root systems of a
new plant.

14. Tubers
◦ Tuber, specialized storage stem of certain seed plants. Tubers are
usually short and thickened and typically grow below the soil.
◦ Vegetables which grow underground on the root of a plant.

15. Bulbs
Bulbs are inflated parts of the stem within which lie the central shoots of new plants.
They are typically underground and are surrounded by plump and layered leaves that
provide nutrients to the new plant. Eg: Onion,tulip

16. Corm
◦ Corms are storage structures of some
plants. They are swollen underground
stems with dry scale
◦ leaves covering them. In favorable
conditions, they grow in size and can
remain dormant in
◦ adverse conditions. Corms can be cut
into pieces and each piece planted to
produce a new plant.
◦ The daughter corms that grow on
mature corms are called cormels.
Cormels can also be separated
◦ and planted.
Eg: Gladiolas and crocuses

17. ROOTS
Tuberous roots of Dahlia, sweet potato and Asparagus
Some roots, such as those of sweet potato, begonia and dahlia,
have swollen roots that serve as storage structures. Tubers can
develop into new plants that have identical genetic makeup as the
parents. Tubers with buds at the base of the stems can also be
separated and new plants produced from them.

18. LEAVES
Leaves develop small buds called adventitious buds, on
their margin. This grow into new plant once get touch with
soil
Bryophyllum
LEAVES
Leaves develop small buds called adventitious buds, on their margin.
This grow into new plant once get touch with soil

20. ARTIFICIAL METHODS
• CUTTING
• GRAFTING

21. • LAYERING
• TISSUE CULTURE

22. What is Sexual Reproduction?
◦ Sexual reproduction is a form of reproduction where two gametes fuse
together.
◦ In sexual reproduction, two parents are involved in producing a new individual.
Offspring is produced by the fusion of gametes (sex cells) from each parent. Animals
like dog, cats, lions, giraffe, humans, etc. All reproduce sexually.
◦ Majority of the flowering plants reproduce sexually.

23. Flowers
◦ The flower is the reproductive part of a plant, both male and female
gametes are produced by flowers. Sexual reproduction in plants takes place in
flowers.
◦ The flower is the reproductive unit of some plants (angiosperms).
Parts of the flower include petals, sepals, one or more carpels (the
female reproductive organs), and stamens (the male reproductive
organs).

24. Trivia!!
◦ Did you know that a flower may consist of either stamen or pistil or both. Based
on this, a flower can be either unisexual or bisexual.

26. Parts of a Flower
◦ Petals-attract insects and hummingbirds to help in the work
◦ Sepals- are the lower, or outermost, part of the flower. They fold over
the tender, closed bud and protect it from cold and other injuries
while it is developing.
◦ Receptacle- an enlarged area at the apex of a stem that bears the
organs of a flower or the florets of a flower head.

27. Two types of reproductive systems
of flowers
Female Reproductive
System
◦ The pistil is the collective term
for the carpel(s). Each carpel
includes an ovary, a style, and a
stigma
Male Reproductive
Sytem
◦ Stamens are the male reproductive
parts of flowers. A stamen consists
of an anther and a filament. The
pollen consists of the male
reproductive cells; they fertilize
ovules.

28. Two types of reproductive systems
of flowers
Female Reproductive
System
Male Reproductive
System

29. HOW DO FLOWERS
HELP TO
REPRODUCE?

32. Pollination
◦ is the process of transferring pollen grains from the anther – male part of a flower, to
the stigma – female part of a flower.
Two types of Pollination:
◦ Self-Pollination: A pollination where the pollen transfer takes place between the
anther and stigma of the same flower.
◦ Cross-Pollination: A pollination where the pollen transfer takes place between the
anther and the stigma of different flowers of the same plant or different plants of the
same species.

33. FERTILIZATION
The process of fusion
of male and female
gamete is called
fertilization
After successful pollination the
stigma secrete nutrients
Pollen grains absorbs these
and start growing in the form
of a thin tube called pollen
tube until it reaches the ovule
inside ovary.
Then releases male gamete
into the ovule – fertilization
takes place – results in the
formation of zygote

34. FRUIT AND SEED FORMATION
• After Fertilization ovary
enlarges to form the
fruit
The wall of the ovary
become the fruit wall
The ovules become seeds –
a fruit may have one or
more seeds
Petals, sepals and other
parts of the flower usually
dry up and fall off
•
•
•

35. Seeds
◦ A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering .
The formation of the seed is part of the process of reproduction in seed
plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and
angiosperm plants.

37. Embryo
PARTS OF THE EMBRYO
◦ Hypocotyl- lower part of the stem
◦ Radicle or embryonic root- the primary root an the first organ to
emerge in the plants
◦ Epicotyl- upper part of the stem and gives rise to the shoot

38. Embryo