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2. Introduction:
 The main functionality of this project is to verify the identity / attendance
of the user who needs to access it through RFID.
 For this purpose the authorized person is given an RFID card.
 This card contains an integrated circuit that is used for storing,
processing information through modulating and demodulating of the
radio frequency signal that is being transmitted.
 Thus, the data stored in this card is referred as the
identification/attendance of the person.

3.  Once, the person places the card in front of the RFID card reader, it reads
the data and verifies it with that data present in the system and if it
matches then it displays a message as valid entry and allows accessing
the device or else displays invalid and denies the access/attendance.

4.  RFID based attendance system consists of RFID Reader, RFID Tag,
LCD display and microcontroller unit.
 RFID can be interfaced to microcontroller through USART. Data is
transferred from RFID cards to reader and from there to microcontroller.
 RFID tags are of two types
1) Passive Tags.
2) Active Tags.

5.  Passive tags contain 13 digit number tag inbuilt in it, where as active
tag is
• read/write tag i.e. one can read from the tag and write to the tag.
 RFID projects uses passive tag. In real time, one can issue active
tags to the students, with their roll numbers as their tags.
 RFID reader contains a copper winding in it. This winding acts as an
antenna.
 When the tag is placed near the reader, due to the induced mutual
inductance energy, data is transferred to reader. Reader then transfers
data to the microntroller.
 Microcontroller checks for the data continuously, if any data is
received, microcontroller compares the data in data base. If the tag
is authenticated, microcontroller takes the attendance.

6. Block Diagram

7. Hardware Requirements
 8051 series Microcontroller
 RFID tags and RFID Reader
 LCD
 Resistors
 Capacitors
 Diodes
 Transformer
 Voltage Regulator
 Crystal
 switches

8. Software Requirements
 Keil compiler
 Language: Embedded C orAssembly

9. RFID BasedAttendance System
Circuit Diagram

10. How to Operate RFID Based Attendance
System Circuit
 After making all the above connections, Switch on the circuit.
 On LCD it is displayed “PLEASE SWIPE THE CARD”.
 Place the RFID based attendance tag near the reader.
 Reader then reads the data in the tag and transmits to the controller.
 Microcontroller compares the tag with the database. If the tag is matched
LCD displays “authenticated” and takes your attendance.
 Now place another card which is not present in the database and check for
authentication.

11.  Now LCD displays “Un authorized” and it will never take the
attendance.
 In this way, we can use implement this circuit.

12. Liquid Crystal display-LCD
 Most common LCDs connected to the microcontrollers are 16x2 and 20x2
displays.
 This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and 20 characters per line by
2 lines, respectively.
 The standard is referred to as HD44780U, which refers to the controller
chip which receives data from an external source (and communicates
directly with the LCD).

13. Applications
 RFID based attendance system can be used in educational institutions,
industries, anywhere.
 RFID is emerging technology and is used in applications where
authentication is needed.

14. Advantages
 Proxy attendance can be caught.
 Hard copy paper work of attendance sheets is reduced.
 Data can be store long time compare to attendance sheets.
 This system is fully automated and it does not require any human interaction
except setting the initial time setting.
 LCD and PC interface both are provided with RFID based attendance
system. This gives benefit of viewing attendance on the spot on LCD or
remotely from computer.

15. Limitations
 RFID attendance system is secured, but there is a chance of misusing
the cards. One person can give another person’s attendance if he/she
had RFID card.
 If the card was swiped for more than once, there is a chance of giving
attendance for next days also if code is not written properly.

16. Future Scope
 Range of the RFID reader can be increased, so the reader can detect the
tag from far distance.
 RF TRANSRECEIVER module can be used for long distance
communication to transfer data.
 The transferred data can be save and store in computer as a database using
specific software.
 Timely attendance can be monitored i.e. time in and time out can bar
corded using RTC (real time clock) and can be stored in the database

17. RFID Based Attendance
System
 This attendance system’s data base can be linked with college website
and can be shared and monitored by the student’s parents.
 We can send this data through internet to the user. So that user can access
it remotely via internet.
 We can implement GSM technology