2. Percentage of adults aged 18 and over with
chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain
in the past 3 months, by age group: United
States, 2019
3.
4.
5. What are the Barriers to Pain Management?
Patient
Institutional
Staff
6. What are the Barriers to Pain Management?
Patient
Inevitability of pain
Analgesia fears misconceptions
Being a good patient
Distracting from treatment
Trade-offs analgesics side effect
7. What is nurses responsibility?
Explore patients’ concerns about
side effects or addiction through
focused questioning and
effective listening.
8. What are the Barriers to Pain Management?
Institutional
Lack of institutional commitment
Poor visibility of the problem
Unclear lines of responsibility
Lack of practical tools policies
10. What Is a Pain Clinic?
Focus on the diagnosis and management of chronic pain.
Cancer-related pain
Back ache
Neck pain
Facial pain (Trigeminal neuralgia)
Post herpetic neuralgia
Phantom limb pain
Neuropathic pain
Pancreatitis
11. What Pain Clinic offers?
Drug therapy
Medical interventions such as injections
Physiotherapy and Occupational therapy
Psychological support
12. Who is
responsible?
Doctors and Nurses
Psychologists
Physical therapists
Occupational and vocational
therapists
Nutritionists and dietitians
29. What are the Barriers to Pain Management?
Staff
Attitudes beliefs of staff
No routine pain assessment
Under-estimation of patients pain
Analgesia misconceptions
Prescribing administration inconsistencies
Inadequate knowledge and education
35. Myths about children’s pain
Infants do not feel pain (Develop in 26-week-old foetus)
Children easily become addicted to narcotics (Only less
than 1%)
Children tolerate pain better than adults (Tolerance
increases with age)
Children are unable to tell you they hurt (Use scales, Eg:
faces pain scale)
Children will tell you when they are experiencing pain
(Fear of injections)
36. Myths Regarding Opioid Use
Tend to give lower doses
Pain medications always lead to addiction (Less than 1%)
Cause heavy sedation
Some kinds of pain cannot be relieved (Need multimodal
Rx)
Achieved on an “as needed” basis (Provide “around the
clock”)
Narcotic analgesics in older patients should be avoided.
(No age limit)
38. Myth: There’s a limited window of time
when you can get an epidural.
Mother can get an epidural any time
during your labor:
In the beginning, the middle or even
toward the end.
39. Myth: Epidurals can harm the baby.
The amount of medication that reaches the baby
from the epidural is so small it doesn’t cause harm.
40. Do epidurals cause back pain?
Epidural analgesia has not been
associated with an increase in the
prevalence or incidence of backache.
41. Myth: Epidurals can cause permanent back
pain or paralysis in the mother.
Serious complications from an epidural, including
paralysis, are extremely rare.
Some women have discomfort in the lower back (where
the catheter was inserted) for a few hours or days after
the epidural, but it doesn’t last.
42. Myth: Epidurals can slow down labor or
increase the risk of having a cesarean section
(C-section).
There is no credible evidence that an epidural
slows down labor or increases your risk of
having a C-section.
In fact, there is evidence that epidurals can
speed the first stage of labor for some women.
43. Myth: An epidural can interfere with the
birth experience.
The epidural medications will not cause to
be weak or tired.
Mother will be able to feel contractions –
they just won’t hurt – and they will be able
to push effectively.
44. Does epidural cause maternal fever?
Minimal increase in body temperature
little clinical significance
Not associated with neonatal infection
45. Myth: Do epidurals interfere with
breastfeeding?
Low-dose local anaesthetic ⁄ low-dose fentanyl
epidural labour analgesia regimens do not clinically
affect breastfeeding and should be still offered to
mothers wishing to breastfeed their babies.
cut off the nerve supply from the tissues. medium frequency of 350 to 500 kHz is used by RF. Thermal energy to destruct target nerve. Fluoroscopy guided
introduced on October 4, 2016. transcutaneous electrical nervestimulation. Muscle and acute joint pain. heat and TENS combination
Drug free, Electromagnetic Pulse Therapy stimulate nerve activity and dampen the brain’s perception of pain