1. FINAL YEAR
PROJECT 1
PROJECT TITLE:
RENEWABLE ENERGY
ADOPTION FOR ENERGY
EFFICIENCY: A CASE STUDY OF
BIOMASS CONVERSION TO
BIOFUELS IN PETRONAS
MALAYSIA.
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

2. Details of Candidate
Rozlina Bt. Roshman
B061010054
4 BTMI
rrozlina@rocketmail.com
bcchew@utem.edu.my
Faculty of Technology Management and
Technopreneurship
Bachelor of Technology Management (Innovation
Technology)
Panel: En. Mukhiffun B. Mukapit
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

3. Presentation Outlines
Section 1
Background of the study
Problem Statements
Research question
Research objective
Scope
Importance of the Research
Limitation
Section 2
Theoretical framework
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
Section 3
Research design
Qualitative Method
-Method of primary data collection
Time Horizon
Scientific Canon
12/19/2013

4. Introduction
In the context of biomass for
energy this often mean to use plant
based material but biomass can
equally apply to both animal and
vegetable derived material
(BIOMASS Energy Centre (BEC),
2011).
Biomass is
biological
material derived
from living, or
recently living
organism.
Biofuels are liquid fuels which is derive from
other materials such as waste plant and
animal matter. There are two main types of
biofuels – bioethanol and biodiesel (Biofuels
Association of Australia, 2013)
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

5. Introduction
Biomass as energy
resource has its
potential to reduce
some common
effect of inefficient
management of
energy
Carbon dioxide gas
that is emits by
vehicle has become
issue to the
environmental
problem
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
Nowadays, we can observe that
global warming has increase due to
the emission Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
gas to the atmosphere. Depletion of
fossil fuels had become an influence
for us to find a new source of energy
Have to adopt the
technology for
biomass conversion
to biofuels in
Malaysia.
12/19/2013

6. Biomass Resource
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
Source: Biomass Innovation Centre (2013)
12/19/2013

7. Biofuels Cycle
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
Source: Hisham and Eid, (2008)
12/19/2013

8. Problem Definition
The factors of how
the technology
adoption of biomass
conversion to biofuels
in Malaysia is
important to be
known
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
There are some
groups of adopters
which are including
Innovators, Early
Adopters, Late
Majority, and
Laggards.
The role of
market
structure
and
diffusion
12/19/2013

9. Problem Definition
Size of firms,
and availability
of resources
need in the
investment of
the technology
Potential risk
associated with
the use,
development
and marketing
of technology.
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
New technologies are scaleenhancing, and therefore larger
firms adopt them sooner
because they capture
economies of scale from
production via the learning
curve more quickly (S. Joseph,
1962)
12/19/2013

10. Research Question
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

11. Research Objective
To identify the
factors that
encourages
technology
adoption for
biomass
conversion to
biofuels in
PETRONAS,
Malaysia.
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
To identify
strategies to
adopt the
technology for
biomass
conversion to
biofuels in
PETRONAS
Malaysia.
To identify the
innovative solution to
enhance the efficiency
of biomass conversion
to biofuels in
PETRONAS Malaysia.
12/19/2013

12. Technology
Adoption
Biomass conversion to
biofuels for energy
efficiency
Strategies
Scope
Maximize the usage
technology for biomass
conversion to biofuels
Strategy of sustaining
the green environment
Initiatives in finding the
solution of how to
reduce the emission of
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

13. Limitation
To investigate what are the
factors of technology adoption
for energy efficiency in
PETRONAS, Malaysia. Therefore,
the outcomes of the study are
only applicable for PETRONAS,
Malaysia.
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
Researcher assumed that all
respondents have provided
honest and correct answer.
12/19/2013

14. Importance of Research
Provide new strategy to adopt renewable energy
Seek more expert opinions
Government involvement in sustaining renewable
energy adoption
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

15. Literature Review
TEMIF
Factors
Company's
Strategies
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
Innovative
Suggestion
Biomass
Technology
Adoption as
Energy
Efficiency
12/19/2013

16. Research Methodology
Research is an entity that people
engage in order to discover things in a
systematic way, and therefore
increasing their knowledge
The several groups of words are
important in this definition: ‘systematic
way’ and ‘to find out things’.
‘Systematic’ suggest that research is
based on logical relationships and not
just beliefs (Ghauri and Gronhaug,
2010).
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
Keeping a reflective diary or research
notebook is also an effective method
12/19/2013

17. Research Methodology
Exploratory study
According to Saunders et al.
(2012), an exploratory study
is a valuable means to
generate open questions to
discover what is happening
and gain insights about a
topic of interest.
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
As biomass still not
completely
explored in
Malaysia, it is the
most suitable
research method
to conduct
12/19/2013

18. Qualitative Method
Qualitative research is
connected with
interpretive
philosophy (Denzin
and Lincoln 2005).
This is because
researchers need to
make sense of the
subjective and socially
constructed meaning
Expressed about
phenomenon that is
studied by researchers
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

19. Qualitative Method
Like biomass, researcher
needs to pursuit trust in the
advantages of biomass to the
people and environment
Later on, researcher needs to
participate in suggesting
innovative solution for the
technology transfer in
biomass industry.
Then researcher needs to
access to the meaning of
biomass conversion of biofuel
and its technology adoption in
Petronas, Malaysia.
While for in-depth
understanding, researcher
needs to study the processes
that take place in biomass
production, it affection to
environment, factors
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

20. Primary Data
Primary data is the
study of subject
root on first hand
investigation.
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
Researcher had
used primary data
source in
gathering useful
data to explain
further what is
going on and what
is to be studied in
this research.
12/19/2013

21. Secondary Data
Secondary data
involves the
examination of
studied from other
researchers.
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
Secondary data
sources may include
books, articles,
journals, or other
literary works.
12/19/2013

22. Method of Primary Data Collection
Case study method
•Case study is a
methodology that is
used to explore a
single phenomenon
(the case) in a natural
setting using a variety
of methods to obtain
in-depth knowledge
(Collis and Hussey,
2009).
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
Respondents
• 10 respondents from the
managerial level for staff
in PETRONAS Refinery
Sungai Udang, Melaka
• 10 respondents were
selected from Engineers
level which has technical
knowledge and
experiences
• The rest 10 respondents
were collected from
Universiti Teknologi
Petronas, Tronoh, Perak.
12/19/2013

23. Time Horizon
In a cross-sectional study, it involves the study of a
particular phenomenon in a specific time. It always
used to describe incidence of a phenomenon.
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

24. Scientific Canon
Internal Research Objective
Validity
Research Question
Research Topic
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

25. Scientific Canon
External
Validity
Ghauri & Gronhaug (2010) stated that external
validity relates to what extent the findings can be
generalized to particular persons, settings and
times, as well as across types of persons, settings
and times
For biomass research, the populations of the
respondents should be taking into consideration
carefully so as to ensure a precise data is obtained.
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

26. Scientific Canon
Construct
validity
This validity refers to the measurement
questions actually measure the present of
those construct researcher intend to
measure
Construct validity also been the key point
keep questioned by researcher to ensure
they are not bias from the objectives from
study by answer their research question
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

27. Scientific Canon
Reliability
Reliability refers to the data collection techniques
and analytical procedures that produce consistence
findings if they were repeated in another occasion or
maybe replicated by the researcher (Saunders et al,
2012).
The most important criterion in ensuring reliability is
about trustworthiness of the information sources.
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

28. Conclusion
Identifying Factors of
Biomass Technology
Adoption
Innovative suggestion
are needed to adopt
the technology
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
Formulate Strategy for
the biomass
technology adoption
Method or tool used
to study the research
involve TEMIF and
PSTLE to solve
problem
Technology Adoption
Life Cycle (TALC) is
needed to understand
technology adoption
better
12/19/2013

29. Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013

30. Questions Session
Final Year Project 1 (Renewable Energy Adoption: Biomass
Conversion to Biofuels in PETRONAS Malaysia)
12/19/2013