THIS PPT IS DONE ON THE MICROGRID. IN THIS PPT WE DISCUSSED THE USES OF MICROGRIDS AND THEIR REAL-LIFE APPLICATIONS AND HOW THEY ARE INTERCONNECTED TO EACH OTHER AND THE MAJOR DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE CONVENTIONAL GRIDS AND THE MICROGRIDS AND THEIR USES, ADVANTAGES ARE ALSO DISCUSSED IN THIS PRESENTATION AND USES IN FUTURE ALSO AND THIS PPT IS SO USEFUL TO MANY STUDENTS
1. TECHNICAL SEMINAR
Topic : Microgrid
Made by
PEDIREDLA SANJAY KUMAR
18981A0241
UNDER THE GUIDANCE
OF
Dr. T.SATYANARAYANA
(Assistant Professor)
2. Outline
Introduction to Microgrid.
Microgrid Operating Modes.
The Need of Microgrid.
Interconnected Microgrids – Power Parks.
Environmental Aspects.
Conventional Grid versus Microgrid.
Advantages & Disadvantagesof Microgrid.
Future Directions on Microgrid Research.
References.
3. Introduction To Microgrid
Microgrid Components
Distributed Generation
Loads
Immediatestorage
Controller
Point of Common Coupling
4. Introduction To Microgrid
What is Microgrid?
It isasmall-scale power supply network that is designed
to provide power fora small community.
Itenables local powergeneration for local loads.
Itcomprises of varioussmall powergenerating sources
that makes it highly f lexibleand efficient.
5. Introduction To Microgrid
What is Microgrid?
It isconnected to both the local generating unitsand the
utilitygrid thus preventing poweroutages.
Excess powercan be sold to the utilitygrid.
Sizeof the Microgrid may range from housing estate to
municipal regions.
8. Microgrid Operating Modes
Grid Connected Mode:
Utilitygrid is active.
Static switch is closed
All the feeders are being
supplied by utility grid.
9. Microgrid Operating Modes
Island Mode:
Utilitygrid is not supplying power
Static switch is open.
Feeder A, B, C are being supplied
by Microsources.
Feeder D (not sensitive )
isdead.
10. Interconnected Microgrids
Interconnected Microgrids – Power Parks
Practical sizeof Microgrids is limited toa few MVA.
For larger loads, it is desirable to interconnect many
Microgrids to form a larger Microgrid network called
Power Parks.
Theadvantages of this Microgrid structure insures
greaterstabilityand controllability forthe Power Parks.
11. Environmental Aspects
Microgrid encourages the useof the renewable energy
sources.
Large land use impactsare avoided.
CO2 Emissionsare reduced.
12. Future Directions on Microgrid
Research
To investigate full-scale development, field demonstration,
experimental performance evaluation of frequency and voltage control
methods under various operation modes.
Transition between grid connected and islanded modes on interaction
phenomena between distribution generation and high penetration of
distributed generation.
Transformation of Microgrid system today into the intelligent,
robust energy delivery system in the future by providing
significant reliability and security benefits.
13. The Need Of Microgrid
10
Microgrid could be theanswer to ourenergycrisis.
Transmission losses gets highly reduced.
Microgrid results in substantial savings and cuts
emissions without majorchanges to lifestyles.
Provide highqualityand reliableenergy supply to
critical loads
14. Conventional Grid vs. Microgrid
Efficiencyof conventional grid isvery low as compared
to Microgrid.
Large amount of energy in the form of heat is wasted in
conventional grid.
Power sources in case of Microgrid (often referred toas
Microsources) are small and are located in close
proximityto load.
15. Advantages & Disadvantages
Microgrid Advantages
A majoradvantageof a Microgrid, is itsability, during a utility
grid disturbance, to separateand isolate itself from the utility
seamlesslywith littleor nodisruption to the loads within the
Microgrid.
In peak load periods it prevents utilitygrid failure by
reducing the load on thegrid.
Significantenvironmental benefits made possible by the use
of low orzeroemissiongenerators.
16. Advantages & Disadvantages
Microgrid Advantages
The useof both electricityand heat permitted by the
close proximityof thegenerator to the user, thereby
increasing theoverall energyefficiency.
Microgrid can act to mitigate theelectricitycosts to its
users by generating some orall of its electricity needs.
17. Advantages & Disadvantages
Microgrid Disadvantages
Voltage, frequencyand powerqualityare three main
parametersthat must beconsidered and controlled to
acceptable standardswhilst the powerand energy balance is
maintained.
Electrical energy needs to be stored in battery banks thus
requiring morespaceand maintenance.
Resynchronizationwith the utilitygrid is difficult.
18. References
A. A. Salam, A. Mohamed and M. A. Hannan. "TECHNICAL CHALLENGES
ON MICROGRIDS" (DECEMBER 2008)
http://www.arpnjournals.com/jeas/research_papers/rp_2008/jeas_1208_146.pdf
S. Abu-Sharkha, R.J. Arnolde, J. Kohlerd, R. Lia, T. Markvarta, J.N. Rossb, K.
Steemersc, P. Wilsonb, R. Yaoc. "Can microgrids make a majorcontribution to
UK energysupply?" (September 2004)
http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/11276/1/Microgrids.pdf
John Stevens. "Characterization of Microgrids in the United States", Sandia
National Laboratories (January 2005)
http://www.electricdistribution.ctc.com/pdfs/RDC_Microgrid_Whitepaper_1-7-05.pdf
Robert H. Lasseter, Paolo Piagi. "Microgrid: A Conceptual Solution", University
of Wisconsin-Madison (June 2004)
http://www.pserc.wisc.edu/ecow/get/publicatio/2004public/lasseterpesc04us.pdf