2. Agenda
Making the case for energy efficiency
Understanding your district’s energy bills
Renewable energy and alternative
technologies
Understanding funding opportunities
Identifying low cost/no cost opportunities
to reduce cost
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4. Why is Energy Management
Important?
“Good Energy Management is Good Business”
The evidence is clear that for both public and private k12
schools, adopting an energy management strategy is a
business decision you cannot afford to ignore.
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5. Signs of Energy Waste in
Commercial Buildings
A 400% variation in energy use intensity of buildings in the United
States exists that is not explained by age, technology, hours, size,
climate.
Little improvement of overall energy consumption has been seen
although building components are 30% more efficient since 1980.
Over-sizing of building fan systems, on average, occurs by 60%.
Most chillers are oversized by 50–200%.
• - EPA
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6. Signs of Energy Waste in K12
Buildings
EPA/Energy Star Statistics:
The annual energy bill to run America’s primary and secondary
schools a staggering $6 Billion. $1 out of every $4 spent on energy by
US schools is wasted. Conservative 25% = $1.5 Billion annually.
Energy cost total between 1.5% to 3.5% of a typical school district’s
annual budget. Energy is often second only to staff salaries – more
than computers and textbooks combined.
The least efficient schools use three times (3x) more energy than
the best energy performers
Top performing ENERGY STAR labeled schools cost forty cents per
square foot less to operate than the average performers.
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7. Strong Energy Management
= Real Savings
Ford Motor Company has saved over $75 million through effective
energy management.
Eastman Kodak saved more than $8.6 million in operating costs in
2002 from its energy management efforts.
Fairfax County Public Schools (VA)estimates an annual energy
savings of $4.5 million (7.19%) from energy efficiency improvements
on a $62.6 million utilities budget (FY: 2011-12)
In 2001, the first year of their Energy Management program, Sandy
Creek CSD (NY) saved $300,000 on a $1.4 Million utility budget (~21%).
Total of $2.7 Million in savings from 2001 to 2009.
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8. Pending Crisis
Due to the recession, demand for energy supply is down,
resulting in the lowest cost per unit of electricity in the last
decade. Natural gas is also seeing record lows.
This is a TEMPORARY condition. Over time, usage demand
will return and cost/unit will rise)
Utility delivery (NYSEG, etc)companies are starting to shift
rate structures to put a greater emphasis on peak demand
usage. Over the next 5 years or so we can expect to see
increasing peak demand charges and an elimination of the
differential between day and night rates.
When usage demand returns, we will be impacted by both
increased cost/unit and increased peak demand charges
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9. Accessing Potential Lost Dollars
By systematically implementing an Energy
Management Plan, many school districts have been
able to reduce energy consumption by 30% to 40%.
The first 10% of reduction in energy use is possible
with little or no cost.
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10. EPA’s Strategy for Creating an
Energy Management Plan
STEP 1: Make Commitment
STEP 2: Assess Performance
Step 3: Set Goals
Step 4: Create Action Plan
Step 5: Implement Action Plan
Step 6: Evaluate Progress
Step 7: Recognize Achievements
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11. Key Elements of an Effective
Energy Management Plan
District wide energy related mission statement
Defined heating /cooling set points and setbacks
Defined access hours for midweek and weekends
Defined path for requesting exceptions
Adoption at the highest effective level of the District
Identify local “Energy Champions”
Easily measurable specific energy target (at the level of
utility metering)
Peer based energy targets – EPA Portfolio manager
scoring, NYCHIPS,
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13. 2
Understanding your district’s
energy bills
1. Anatomy of a Utility Bill
2. Using Utility Data
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14. Anatomy of a Utility Bill
Thanks to deregulation laws in NYS, our primary utility bills
(electricity and natural gas) are split into two sections:
DELIVERY SUPPLY
Responsible for physical Provider of the actual energy
delivery of energy and usage
Ex: NYSEG Solutions, Direct
metering.
Energy, MEGA, etc.
Owner of the power lines,
gas piping and onsite meters
Ex: NYSEG, RGE, etc.
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15. Potential Billing Issues
Miscellaneous Charges
Manual download charges on interval meters
Demand Charges
Do they appear to be reasonable ?
Quantities and Volume
Verify that the figures for kwh, KW and therms of natural gas
agree between the supply and delivery companies. Electricity
should be 1-to-1 and Natural gas should be +- 1.0%.
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16. Using Utility Data
-Utility Bill Tracking and Analysis (Monthly)
Maintain a copy (physical or electronic) of all utility
bills for use by the Facilities Department.
Record monthly billing data including unit cost,
quantity and weather information
Compare usage to similar prior periods to identify
maintenance issues, etc.
Software Tools:
MS Excel, EnergyWatchdog, SchoolDude/Utility Direct,
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17. Using Utility Data
-Benchmarking (annually)
Confirm savings from energy conservation investments
Compare a building’s normalized performance vs. internal
and external peers
Software/Service Examples: NYSERDA’s Benchmarking
program, EPA Portfolio Manager
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19. Renewable Energy
Pros and Cons
Solar and wind make good educational demonstration
projects
Often fail to save significant amounts of energy and do
not provide reasonable pay back periods
Things to look for:
Life of equipment/Maintenance schedules vs. payback periods
Have we fully explored all other energy conservation options
for our buildings?
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20. Alternative Technologies
Leading Edge vs. Bleeding Edge
Leading Edge Bleeding Edge
T8 & T5 lighting LED interior lights
Modulating/Condensing Heat reflective white roofing
Boilers Waterless urinals
HVAC control software Geothermal heating and
Occupancy controls (lighting cooling
& HVAC) CoGen
LED lights (in some
situations)
Utility analysis software
Co Gen
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22. NYSERDA
CFA – Consolidated Funding Application – A single
application that streamlines access to NYSERDA’s Grant
program and possibly additional funding from other
NYS agencies.
Existing Facilities
FlexTech
CHIPS 2.0 – High efficiency school building standard
for both new and retrofit building projects
New opportunities in 2012
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23. NYSEG/RGE & National Grid
NYSEG/RGE
Existing Facilities - Small Business Energy Efficiency
Program – Less than 100,000 kwh/month. < 70%
materials & labor.
National Grid
Existing Facilities – Lighting – < 50% materials & labor
All utility delivery companies offer a Custom Measures
Program
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24. Energy Performance
Contracting
SED allows EPC agreements to go out a maximum of 18
years.
5 to 10 year EPC agreements are optimal
Take advantage of SED $100,000.00 project incentive. C&S
Companies of Syracuse has an innovative solution called
“NET ZERO” that combines features of an EPC agreement
with five $100,000.00 projects. Building aid + energy
savings + grant money = $0.00 cost to district for over
$500,000.00 worth of projects.
Consider a “self-directed” EPC
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27. Operations & Maintenance
Functioning as designed
Calibrate thermostats
Adjust dampers
Janitorial services
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28. Functioning as Designed
Retro-commissioning
Regularly inspect all
equipment and controls
to ensure they are
functioning as designed
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29. Functioning as Designed
Example 1: New school building with regular power quality
problems. Motors burning out, light fixtures failing early.
Two years after construction, it was discovered that a power
conditioner was installed as part of the original construction,
but was never turned on.
Example 2: Public school built around 1975 with pneumatic
controls, with consistently high heating bills and
increasingly more difficult to control temperature. Detailed
physical inspection of unit ventilators revealed that in prior
years as pneumatic controls failed, the outside air dampers
where hardwired in the open position (either 100% or 75%
open).
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30. Calibrate Thermostats
Periodically, walk
through the building
and compare the
thermostat setting with
a hand held digital
thermometer
(preferably with 2
decimal places)
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31. Adjust Dampers
Bring in the least
amount of outside air
necessary to maintain
proper air quality
Reduce outside air
requirements by
adjusting dampers to
minimize the need to
condition outside air
(within codes)
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32. Janitorial Best Practices
Team Cleaning
Day Cleaning
Coordinate Lighting
Occupancy Sensors
1. Joe Serna Jr (office building. Instituted day cleaning with hours from 11am
to 8pm during 2001 energy crisis. Savings of 8% Total Building Energy
2. Johnson City School District saved 7.95% Total District Energy during fiscal
2010-2011 by time shifting their third shift cleaning staff.
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35. Occupants‘ Behavior
Turn off Equipment
Institute an Energy
Awareness Program
Use ENERGY STAR®
Equipment
Install Monitor Power
Management Software
Harvest Daylight
Use Work Station Task
Lighting/Zoned Lighting
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36. Turn off Equipment
During off hours, make sure to
power down everything –
such as copiers, kitchen
equipment, and task lights
- Smart Power strips
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37. Institute An Energy
Awareness Program
Create Promotional Items
Write News Releases
Link to National Campaigns
Communications Kit
Energy Star Partner Kit
(Free)
- motivate change
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39. Use Energy Star Equipment
Adopt a procurement policy
as part of your overall
successful energy
management strategy
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40. Install Monitor/CPU Power
Management Software
Monitor Power
Management - Save up to
$55 per monitor annually
CPU/Hard Drive Power
Management - Save up to
an additional $45 per
computer annually
Harvard University – Deployed EPA Power Management software
across it’s network of 800 computers using 1 technician working for ½
a day.
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49. Controls
Adjust Temperature
After Hours Usage
Adjust Ventilation
Limit Access to Thermostats
Seasonal Changes
Optimize Start Up Time and
Equipment Sequencing
Coast Last Hour of Operations
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51. Adjust Temperature
Physically walk through the
building and talk with tenants
to determine if the actual
temperature is comfortable.
Consider clothing worn during
that season
Reduce (increase) temp. a min
of 10 degrees F at night,
weekends and holidays during
heating (cooling) season
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52. Optimize Start Up Time &
Equipment Sequencing
Experiment to determine the
LATEST possible start up
time.
Can you start your systems 5,
10, 15,30 minutes later and
still achieve the desired
temperature when tenants
arrive?
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53. Coast Last Hour of
Operations
Experiment to determine the
EARLIEST possible time the
systems can be powered
down while maintaining
comfort.
Can you shut down 15, 30, 45,
60 minutes early and still
maintain adequate IAQ?
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56. Install Variable Frequency
Drives & Variable Air Volume
Systems
Motors operate at
part-load 98% of the time
VAV air systems use 30%
less energy than constant
volume
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58. New Construction/Retrofit
Encourage (“demand”) use of integrative design for
your next building project. Develop the building a
system.
Ask for maximum efficiency envelop and optimize
other components as a system.
Don’t be dissuaded by potentially high “1st cost” issues.
Understand long term operating cost for equipment
selected
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59. Keeping Score
Energy Star Labeling Utility Bill Tracking
LEED Software
CHPS 2.0 EPA Portfolio Manager
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60. Thank You
Email me for full contact information and links to all of
the programs mentioned in this presentation
Alwyn A. John
ajohn@tstboces.org
Cellphone: 607-227-6361
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Notas del editor
As school budgets get tighter, more people are realizing that many of the items on a typical school budget is not optional. Energy cost may be one of the last areas where adjustments can be made without compromising personnel compensation or quality of service.
Natural gas wells are being capped. Power generation plants are being mothballed.
Example 1: New School building with regular power quality problems. Motors burning out, light fixtures failing early. Two years after construction, it was discovered that the a power conditioner was installed as part of the original construction, but was never turned on.Example 2: Public school built around 1975 with pneumatic controls, with consistently high heating bills and increasingly more difficult to control temperature. Detailed physical inspection of unit ventilators revealed that in prior years as pneumatic controls failed, the outside air dampers where hardwired in the open position (either 100% or 75% open).
Ensure thermostat setting equals actual space temperature
Reduce outside air requirements by adjusting dampersto minimize the need to condition outside air (within codes)
1. Energy Start and SIEU study recommends the use of occupancy sensors to ensure that cleaning staff turns off the lights when they leave an area.2. Joe Serna Jr (office building). Instituted day cleaning with hours from 11am to 8pm during 2001 energy crisis. Savings of 8% Total Building Energy
Every year Americans use 4 billion kWh to brew 30 billion pots of coffee.Smart Powerstrips
Sponsor PostersPromotionalEvents, Energy TipsSheet, CompanyNewsletters, CompanyAnnouncements, Informational Posters
ENERGY STAR labeled computers, copiers, external power adapters,fax machines, laptops, monitors, multifunction devices, printers,scanners, water coolers, and more
Harvard University – Deployed EPA Power Management software across it’s network of 800 computers using 1 technician working for ½ a day.
1. Light loss factor resultingfrom dirt and dustaccumulated on light fixturesand lamps2. Light loss factor resultingfrom dirt and dustaccumulated on light fixturesand lamps
Make sure OC doesnot take the place of good habits. Evergreen Public Schools – Vancouver WA – found that the extra 10minutes on the motion sensor after everyone left their room could be translated into 12,000.00/year. They adjusted their timing to be closer less than the original 20 minutes.
Enhanced Options1. EMS Managed Lights2. Dark Campus
Enhanced Options1. EMS Managed Lights2. Dark Campus
Make sure you understand how optimal start works on your system.
“Air handling and distribution is the most prevalent deficiency in buildings.”