July 31-850-Alan Sundermeier
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2019 SWCS International Annual Conference July 28-31, 2019 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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July 31-850-Alan Sundermeier
- 1. Comparison of Soil Health Measurements and Soil Conservation Practices Alan Sundermeier – Extension Educator , sundermeier.5@osu.edu Vinayak Shedekar – Postdoctoral Researcher, shedekar.1@osu.edu Funding support North Central Region SARE Partnership Grant Program Healthy Soil Healthy Environment Extension Signature Program
- 2. Site Summary Three Different Fields with different history of tillage & Cover crops 1. Sod, grass, 10 year undisturbed 2. Tillage, less than 30% residue, corn/soybean crops 3. No-till, corn/soybean crops, 20 years of multi-species cover crop
- 3. Biological Indicators Analysis by Ward Lab 1490 4710 5237 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Tillage Sod No-till PLFA, total biomass, ng/g
- 4. Biological Indicators Analysis by Ward Lab 84 378 620 739 2578 2757 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Tillage Sod No-till ng/g Bacteria Fungi
- 5. Bacteria – Fungi Relationship Increases in fungal-to-bacterial ratio under the long-term No till and cover crops. As the ratio of fungi to bacteria increases, the soil biome becomes more efficient in utilizing carbon and other nutrients and the soil therefore releases LESS CO2 to the atmosphere
- 6. Soil Respiration – 24 hr CO2-C 19.8 42.9 41.6 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Tillage Sod No-till ppm C
- 7. Organic Matter 2.3 3.7 4.3 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 Tillage Sod No-till % OM LOI
- 8. Active Carbon 304 1112 1181 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Tillage Sod No-till lb/acre www.Soil1.com Active C analysis conducted using a pre-commercialized version of Soil-1 Field K
- 9. Nitrate NO3 5.7 7 9.7 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Tillage Sod No-till ppm
- 10. Phosphorus, Bray P1 19.7 19 35 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Tillage Sod No-till ppm
- 11. Overall Soil Health Score Analysis by Ward Lab 5.05 8.77 8.05 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Tillage Sod No-till
- 12. Comparison of Soil Health Measurements and Soil Conservation Practices For more information, contact: Alan Sundermeier, Wood County Extension, OSU (Sundermeier.1@osu.edu) Vinayak Shedekar, Food, Ag. Biol. Engineering Dept., OSU (shedekar.1@osu.edu) Funding support North Central Region SARE Partnership Grant Program Healthy Soil Healthy Environment Extension Signature Program
Notas del editor
- David Johnson of New Mexico State University says – “The recipe to store more carbon in soil while also increasing agricultural yields, is to tip the soil’s fungal-to-bacterial ratio strongly toward the fungi.” Here you can see increases in fungal-to-bacterial ratio under the long-term No till and cover crops. As the ratio of fungi to bacteria increases, the soil biome becomes more efficient in utilizing carbon and other nutrients and the soil therefore releases LESS CO2 to the atmosphere. You will see that on next slide. Now, also notice the numbers in orange bar – the amount of bacteria in Plowed soil versus Long-term site. Almost a 3-fold difference. Now note the numbers in green bar – that’s the amount of Fungi…again from Plowed soil to Long-term cover crop soil – there is almost 8-fold increase in Fungi. So, you can see that overall, there is much more activity in matured systems than some of the younger or conventionally tilled systems. Source: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/can-soil-microbes-slow-climate-change/
- David Johnson of New Mexico State University says – “The recipe to store more carbon in soil while also increasing agricultural yields, is to tip the soil’s fungal-to-bacterial ratio strongly toward the fungi.” Here you can see increases in fungal-to-bacterial ratio under the long-term No till and cover crops. As the ratio of fungi to bacteria increases, the soil biome becomes more efficient in utilizing carbon and other nutrients and the soil therefore releases LESS CO2 to the atmosphere. You will see that on next slide. Now, also notice the numbers in orange bar – the amount of bacteria in Plowed soil versus Long-term site. Almost a 3-fold difference. Now note the numbers in green bar – that’s the amount of Fungi…again from Plowed soil to Long-term cover crop soil – there is almost 8-fold increase in Fungi. So, you can see that overall, there is much more activity in matured systems than some of the younger or conventionally tilled systems. Source: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/can-soil-microbes-slow-climate-change/
- This is overall Soil Health Score from Ward Lab. You can see, that in general this shows the contrast between the Plowed System versus a No-till or Cover Cropped system. But, this may or may not tell you the whole story. The only way to know more about the overall health of your soil is – to dig a little! More than these lab results – you know your soils better – and with some experience, you should be able to figure out how a “healthy soil” looks and feels and smells. It may even Taste better if you try it!