Air Pollution Control Technology (Marble Industry)
1. AIR POLLUTION CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
MARBLE INDUSTRY
Presented by:
Saad Farooqi, C#01
BS, 8th Semester
7/29/2018
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DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND CONSERVATION SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF SWAT
2. CONTENTS
๏ Pollution
๏ Air Pollution
๏ Marble Industry wastes
๏ Air pollution control technologies
๏ Comparison
๏ Control of gaseous pollutants
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3. POLLUTION
โข Any undesirable change in the
๏ง air,
๏ง soil and
๏ง water
which have an adversely effects on the human and
environment is known as pollution.
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4. AIR POLLUTION
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๏ Any undesirable particles either visible or invisible or gas found in
the air, which is not the portion of the original composition of the
atmosphere is called air pollution.
๏ Causing diseases, death to humans, damage to other living
organisms such as animals and food crops, or the natural or built
environment.
5. MARBLE INDUSTRY WASTES
โข Many wastes are produced in the manufacturing of marble in the industries.
Some of the wastes are given below in table 1
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6. AIR POLLUTION CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES
๏ The marble industry can also release the toxic gases like NOx, SOx,
COx and these toxic gas stream also contain particulate matters.
๏ To control these gases some technologies are used to minimize such
pollutants.
๏ฑ Cyclone
๏ฑ Electrostatic Precipitator
๏ฑ Fabric Filters
๏ฑ Wet Collector
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7. CYCLONES
๏ Cyclones are separation devices that use the principle of inertia to
remove particulate matter from gases.
How it works
๏ The dirty gases are travel into the helical path.
๏ These gases have contain particulate matter.
๏ The particles hit the walls of the cyclone and stick on it.
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8. CONT,,
๏ Finally the gas will clean and go back in the
helical path and come out through outlet.
๏ Shake the cyclones and the particles will fell
down to the hopper and will discharged from
the cyclone.
๏ And these particles will dumped after the
discharge.
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9. CONT,,
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Advantages Disavantages
๏ง Low capital cost
๏ง Relative simplicity and few
maintenance problems
๏ง Low pressure drop (ca. 2โ6
w.c.)
๏ง Dry collection and disposal
๏ง Relatively small space
requirements
๏ง Offer low particulate
collection efficiencies
especially for particulate
below 5 ฮผm
๏ง Inability to handle sticky
materials
CYCLONES
10. CONT,,
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๏ If the diameter increase the removal efficiency will
increase and if the diameter decrease the efficiency
will be decrease.
11. ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR
๏ The electrostatic precipitator is used for the trapping of fine
particulate matter.
๏ ESP consist of plates and bobs suspended b/w plates.
๏ Distance is about 3-4 inches b/w plates.
How it works
๏ Free electron in the gas flow, repelled by the electrode due to same
charges.
๏ Gas particles will positively charges, rush towards electrodes.
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12. CONT,,
๏ There is some kind of
hammers which is moving
mechanically and hit the
plates, this process is called
rapping.
๏ And the dust particle fell
down to hopper and will
discharge.
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13. CONT,,
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Advantages Disadvantages
๏ง โฅ 99.9% for coarse
and fine particulates
๏ง Dry collection and
disposal of dust
๏ง Continuous operation
with minimum
maintenance
๏ง High capital cost [ca.
U.S.$160/m2 of plate
area]
๏ง Relatively large space
requirement
๏ง Highly trained
maintenance
personnel required
Electrostatic Precipitator
14. FABRIC FILTERS
๏ Fabric filters are used for the removing of particulate matter like a
vacuum cleaner.
How it works
๏ Dirty gases in and passes through fabric filter bags.
๏ The dust particles remain in the bags.
๏ Shake the bags periodically.
๏ Similar to the sand filter, used in the management
for quality of water.
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15. CONT,,
Advantages Disadvantages
๏ง Can be operated at high
temperatures.
๏ง Recirculation of filter outlet air.
๏ง Dry recovery of collected
material for subsequent
processing and disposal.
๏ง Relatively simple operation
๏ง Temperatures in excess of
290โฐC.
๏ง Explosion and fire hazard of
explosive dusts.
๏ง Respiratory protection
requirement for fabric
replacement.
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Fabric Filters
16. WET COLLECTOR
๏ The wet collector or spray tower is used
more efficient for larger particles.
๏ Water is sprayed by very high pressure .
๏ The dust particle are wet and fell down
to the hopper.
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17. CONT,,
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Advantages Disadvantages
๏ง Relatively small
space
requirement.
๏ง Ability to remove
gases as well as
particulates.
๏ง Ability to handle
high temperature,
high-humidity gas
streams
๏ง Potential water
disposal/effluent
treatment
problem.
๏ง very expensive to
construct and
operate.
Wet Collector
18. COMPARISON
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๏ Compared on the basis of their
efficiency and the diameter of
the particulate matters.
๏ The graph can show the
efficiency of such technologies.
19. CONTROL OF GASEOUS POLLUTANTS
๏ Released air pollutants to the environment such as NOx, SOx and
COx.
Control of sulfur dioxide
๏ Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a most hazardous pollutant.
๏ United State is the largest single source and almost in industrialized
world.
๏ And is the making of marble by the burning of oil and coal, which
can released SO2 and other polluted gases.
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20. CONT,,
๏ To reduce the emission of sulfur dioxide by.
๏ Change to low-sulfur fuel:
๏ Desulfurization:
๏ Tall stacks:
๏ SO2 is also removed from the process of dissolution flue gas in the
aqueous solution of sodium citrate of reaction.
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21. CONT,,
Control of Nitrogen dioxide
๏ Wet collector or spray tower absorbed NO2 and SO2 as well.
๏ Modifying combustion processes to prevent NOx formation.
๏ Treating combustion gases after flame to convert NOx to N2.
๏ Using ultra-low nitrogen content fuel to form less fuel NOx
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