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Presented by
Olalere nafisat folake
20hsm005

MEANING OF MICROBIAL NORMAL
FLORA
Microbial Normal Floral are the
microorganism that live on another living
organism (human or animal) or inanimate
object without causing disease.
The Microbial Normal Flora include;
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus,
Candida albicans, Helicobacter pylori e.t.c.
(Paster, B. J., 2012)
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OBJECTIVES
•To help in digestion and
absorption of food
• To produce chemicals that kill
viruses, bad bacteria and fungi
•To help in production of vitamin C
•To stimulate the immune system
in the body.
AIM
•To stimulate the cell maturation
and immune system and to
digest the substrates.

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Resident Flora consist of microorganisms
residing under the superficial cells of the stratum
cornea and can also be found on the surface of
the skin (Paster, B. J., 2012).
Resident flora

• Skin
• Conjunctiva
• Nasopharynx
• Oral cavity
• Gastrointestinal
tract andrectum
• Urogenital tract
Source: Awamura Y. (2022) 6

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Staphylococcus epidermidis,invariably
found on skin and nasal membranes.
Factors that are Important in Eliminating Non‐resident
microorganism from theSkin
1. Low pH
2. Fatty acids (sebaceous secretions)
3. Lysozyme
Neither profuse sweating nor washing and bathing
can eliminate or significantly modify the normal
resident flora

What are the roles of Normal Flora:
1. It is source of opportunistic infections
2. It boost the immune system
3. It stimulate development of certain tissues
4. Protection from External Invaders
5. Production of Carcinogens
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Harm
•Plaque formation;and
•dental disease
Benefit
• Compete with
pathogens for
colonization sites
• Produce substances that
inhibit pathogens
• Stimulate local
immunity

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Meaning of
Gastrointestinal Flora
This is a series of
hollow organs that form
a long continuous
passage from mouth to
anus.

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Normal flora may cause
endogenous disease if
they reach a site or tissue
where they cannot be
restricted or tolerated by
the host defenses. Source: Awamura Y. (2019)

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1. Synthesis and excretionof vitamins used by thehost
2. Competitionwith pathogens fornutrientsand colonizationsites
3. Directantagonismagainst pathogens
4. Stimulate thedevelopmentof immunological tissues
5. Stimulate theactivityof theimmunesystem byproduction of natural
antibodies
Overall harmful effects of the normal flora
1. Competitionwith host fornutrients
2. Bacterial synergism between normal floraand potential
pathogens
3. Low grade toxemiaproduced in host
4. Endogenous diseaseand opportunistic infection

CONCLUSION
This pathogenic potential of the
normal flora leads to a personal
conclusion that it does pose the
greatest risk of infectious disease
due to the constant exposure to
those opportunistic pathogens.
RECOMMENDATION
These normal flora recommend
to;
 Prevent colonization
pathogens by competing for
attachment and nutrients.
 Allow you to predict the cause
of an infection and derive an
appropriate treatment
regimen.
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