BY
RAHUL SHARMA
LAKSHMI NARAIN COLLEGE OF
TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE
BRAIN-COMPUTER
INTERFACE

Organization:

A Brief Introduction to BCI

• BCI(Brain Computer Interface), often called Mind Machine
Interface(MMI) or Direct Neural Interface(DNI).
• It is a technology to communicate human brain directly to a
computer or any communication device without any physical contact.
• The history starts with Hans Berger’s discovery of electrical activity of
human brain and EEG in 1924.
• The research on BCI began on 1970 at the University of California Los
Angeles.

Know Your Brain

• The human brain is divided into two parts:
a. Cerebral cortex
b. Subcortical regions.
• Research focused on Cerebral cortex system.
• Cerebral cortex is subdivided into two hemispheres :
a. Left hemisphere
b. Right hemisphere

How Does BCI Works?
• The BCI works on the principle of Electroencephalography
(EEG) and fNIRS (Functional near IR spectroscopy).
• There are two methods to interface brain with computer:
a. Invasive
b. Non-invasive.
• Generally EEG is preferred for the experiment .
• EEG uses non-invasive method.

Figure: Invasive and Non-invasive method

Figure(s): Working of BCI

In 2002 Jens Naumann was successfully implanted artificial eyes

Experiments and Researches
• May 2008, Monkey operated a robotic arm by thinking in
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.

University if Washington researchers have performed first brain to brain
communication

Applications
1. Communication:

2. Gift for handicapped or physically disabled
people:

3. Robotics:

4. Virtual Reality:

Is It Harmful?
• Ethical issues.
• Invasive method can create scar tissue in the brain.
• Will make human lazy.