Internet of things (IoT)
satish chavan
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Source : Wikipedia

INDEX
The Internet of things || satish chavan
•Internet of things (IoT)
•How IoT works ?
•IoT Key Components
•Enabling technologies for IoT
•IoT Connectivity
•Technology Road Map
•Iot Reference architecture
•Design architecture
•How to Choose the Right IoT Platform
•The IBM Watson IoT Platform
•Google Cloud IoT
•Microsoft Azure IoT Ecosystem
•IoT Cloud Architecture – AerCloud
•Benefits of IoT
•IoT adoption barriers
•Challenges for IoT security:
•Other Challenges

The Internet of things (IoT)
The Internet of things (IoT) is the extension of Internet connectivity into
physical devices and everyday objects. Embedded with electronics, Internet
connectivity, and other forms of hardware (such as sensors), these devices
can communicate and interact with others over the Internet, and they can
be remotely monitored and controlled.
The definition of the Internet of things has evolved due to convergence of
multiple technologies, real-time analytics, machine learning, commodity
sensors, and embedded systems.
The IoT concept has faced prominent criticism, especially in regards to
privacy and security concerns related to these devices and their intention of
pervasive presence.
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IoT evolved from machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, i.e., machines
connecting to each other via a network without human interaction. M2M
refers to connecting a device to the cloud, managing it and collecting data.
Taking M2M to the next level, IoT is a sensor network of billions of smart
devices that connect people, systems and other applications to collect and
share data. As its foundation, M2M offers the connectivity that enables IoT.
The internet of things is also a natural extension of SCADA (supervisory
control and data acquisition)
How IoT works ?
An IoT ecosystem consists of web-enabled smart devices that use embedded
processors, sensors and communication hardware to collect, send and act on
data they acquire from their environments. IoT devices share the sensor data
they collect by connecting to an IoT gateway or other edge device where data
is either sent to the cloud to be analyzed or analyzed locally. Sometimes,
these devices communicate with other related devices and act on the
information they get from one another.
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The devices do most of the work without human intervention, although people can
interact with the devices -- for instance, to set them up, give them instructions or
access the data.
The connectivity, networking and communication protocols used with these web-
enabled devices largely depend on the specific IoT applications deployed .
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IoT stack – Things / Devices
IoT stack –Devices Edge
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IoT stack – Data Analytics
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Enabling technologies for IoT
There are many technologies that enable the IoT. Crucial to the field is the network
used to communicate between devices of an IoT installation, a role that several
wireless or wired technologies may fulfill
Short-range wireless
1. Bluetooth mesh networking
2. Light-Fidelity (Li-Fi)
3. Near-field communication (NFC)
4. Radio-frequency identification (RFID)
5. Wi-Fi
6. ZigBee
7. Z-Wave
Medium-range wireless
1. LTE-Advanced
Long-range wireless
1. Low-power wide-area
networking (LPWAN)
2. Very small aperture terminal (VSAT)
Wired
1. Ethernet –
2. Power-line communication (PLC)
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IoT Connectivity - Range Vs Speed
IoT Connectivity - Range Vs Power
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Design architecture
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1. Connectivity and Method of connectivity
2. Type of service
3. Geographic Coverage
4. Data Plan
5. Security/Privacy
6. Managed Integrations/API Access
7. Data Access
8. Domain Experts/Engineering Services/Partner Collaboration
9. IoT Ecosystem
10. IoT Roadmap
11. Hardware and Device Management
12. Firmware Updates
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How to Choose the Right IoT Platform

• Particle — Particle is an enterprise IoT platform that offers everything you need to build an
IoT product, from device to cloud.
• Salesforce IoT — Maximize your business efforts with IoT cloud services.
• Microsoft IoT Azure — Enhance your operational productivity and profitability with a
preconfigured connected factory solution.
• Artik Cloud — The ARTIK IoT platform enables open data exchange for the Internet of Things
• Google Cloud’s IoT Platform— integrated services that allow you to easily and securely
connect, manage, and ingest IoT data
• IBM Watson IoT — IBM’s new Watson Internet of Things (IoT) is a cognitive system that
learns from, and infuses intelligence into the physical world.
• ThingWorx — providing the fastest way for industrial companies to unlock the value of
physical and digital convergence.
• Xively Platform — an enterprise IoT platform to help accelerate your connected product or
service.
• ThingSpeak Platform — ThingSpeak is the open IoT platform with MATLAB analytics.
• Carriots Platform — a service designed for IoT projects. Collect data from objects, store it
and build powerful apps.
• C3 IoT— a complete platform as a service for rapidly developing and operating big data,
predictive analytics, AI, and IoT software applications.
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The IoT Platform List
Platform Details
Microsoft IoT Azure Enhance your operational productivity and profitability with a
preconfigured connected factory solution.
Google Cloud’s integrated services that allow you to easily and securely connect,
manage, and ingest IoT data
IBM Watson IBM’s new Watson Internet of Things (IoT) is a cognitive system
that learns from, and infuses intelligence into the physical world.
ThingWorx providing the fastest way for industrial companies to unlock the
value of physical and digital convergence.
Particle Particle is an enterprise IoT platform that offers everything you
need to build an IoT product, from device to cloud.
Artik Cloud The ARTIK IoT platform enables open data exchange for the
Internet of Things
AerCloud AerCloud is an IoT cloud platform for collecting, managing and
analyzing sensor data for Internet of Things (IoT) and machine-
to-machine (M2M) applications.
ThingSpeak ThingSpeak is the open IoT platform with MATLAB analytics.

The IBM Watson IoT Platform
IBM’s Watson IoT Platform is a secure, smart and scalable hub for your IoT landscape,
which gives you the ability to completely manage your IoT infrastructure and make
better business decisions in real-time. Take advantage of secure, globally distributed
data, analytics and cloud facilities, edge capabilities and a rich ecosystem of suppliers
and solution providers.
Arm Mbed Cloud bridge simplifies interactions between connected IoT devices and the
IBM Watson IoT Platform through device representation, event mapping, message
translation and protocol mapping. In this way, the entire Mbed ecosystem is integrated
into the IBM Cloud The Internet of things || satish chavan

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Google Cloud IoT
Google Cloud IoT is a complete set of tools to connect, process, store, and analyze data
both at the edge and in the cloud. The platform consists of scalable, fully-managed
cloud services; an integrated software stack for edge/on-premises computing with
machine learning capabilities for all your IoT needs

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Microsoft Azure IoT Ecosystem

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Microsoft Azure IoT Architecture

IoT Cloud Architecture - AerCloud
AerCloud is an IoT cloud platform for collecting, managing and analyzing sensor data
for Internet of Things (IoT) and machine-to-machine (M2M) applications. Built by
Aeris
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Benefits of IoT
The internet of things offers a number of benefits to organizations, enabling
them to:
• monitor their overall business processes;
• improve the customer experience;
• save time and money;
• enhance employee productivity;
• integrate and adapt business models;
• make better business decisions; and
• generate more revenue.
IoT encourages companies to rethink the ways they approach their
businesses, industries and markets and gives them the tools to improve
their business strategies.
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IoT adoption barriers
• Lack of interoperability and unclear value propositions
• Privacy and security concerns
• Traditional governance structures
• Business planning and models
• Social control , Political manipulation
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Challenges for IoT security:
1. Authorize and authenticate devices
2. Secure constrained devices
3. Secure communication
4. Secure web, mobile, and cloud applications
5. Manage device updates
6. Manage vulnerabilities
7. Ensure data privacy and integrity
8. Ensure high availability
9. Detect vulnerabilities and incidents
10. Predict and preempt security issues
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Other Challenges
• Many IoT Systems are poorly designed and implemented, using diverse
protocols and technologies that create complex configurations.
• Lack of mature IoT technologies and business processes
• Limited guidance for life cycle maintenance and management of IoT
devices
• The IoT introduces unique physical security concerns
• IoT privacy concerns are complex and not always readily evident.
• Limited best practices available for IoT developers
…
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The Internet of things || satish chavan
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