More Electric:
Our world is becoming More Electric. Almost everything we interact with today is either already electric or becoming electric. Think about it. From the time you start your day in the morning to the time you finish your day – your home, your car, your work, your devices, your entertainment – almost everything is electric. Imagine the energy needed to power this. Electricity consumption will increase by 80% in next 25 years
More Connected: Our lives are also becoming more connected. The Internet has already transformed the way we live, work and play. Now the Connected Things is going to take this to a brand new level. 50 billion things connected in the next 5 years.
More Distributed: With such a widespread electrification and connectivity, energy models need rethinking as well. Which is why the generation of power needs to be closer to users. Distributed Energy is rapidly evolving globally. This is positive energy – renewable. In 2014 , Renewables overtook fossil fuels in investment value, with $295bn invested in renewables compared to $289bn invested in fossil fuels. And it is getting cheaper to do this.
More Efficient: When our world is more electric, more connected and more distributed, new opportunities emerge and allows us to tap into even more efficiency – in industrial processes, in the energy value chain, in buildings, in transportation, in the global supply chain and even in the comfort and peace-of-mind of our homes.
Axa Assurance Maroc - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Basics on Secure Power Design Considerations
1. Basics on Secure Power design
considerations
Confidential Property of Schneider Electric |
2. Summary
Page 2Confidential Property of Schneider Electric |
Introduction
How do we ensure reliable power..?
How can we reduce these risk?
Installation considerations
UPS Range
3. More
ELECTRIC
Increase by 50% in the
next 25 years
More
CONNECTED
Connect 50bn devices
by 2020
More
DISTRIBUTED
Solar PV and Storage to
Account for ~50% of new capacity
additions by 2030
More
EFFICIENT
Still.. 2/3 energy efficiency
potential.. remains untapped .!!
Our World Will Be…
4. Back to index
Mining (Metals & Minerals)
Water & Wastewater
Datacenter
Healthcare
Oil and Gas
Building
No matter the type of business… reliable power is essential
5. Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 5
Confidential Property of Schneider Electric |
How do we ensure reliable
power..?
8. Confidential Property of Schneider Electric | Page 8
Confidential Property of Schneider Electric |
How can we reduce these risk?
- Power failure
- Voltage spikes
- Under voltage
- Frequency variations
10. PFC
Rectifier
UPS
AC: Alternating Current
DC: Direct Current
PFC: Power Factor Correction
What is a “UPS” & what is the
purpose of a UPS?
Main functions of a UPS:
“Uninterruptible Power Supply”
•Short term backup (Batteries)
•Input current conditioned by the PFC
•Output Voltage conditioned by the Inverter
•Isolation / Protection against:
• Voltage spikes
• Over voltage
• Under voltage
• Frequency variations
• Harmonics
• Power Factor
12. Heavy
Industry
Commercial
& Industrial
Industry
Buildings
Data Centres
Residential
Infrastructure
EHV/HV
Centralised
Generation
HV/MV Substation
(Primary substation)
Switching
Substation
MV/MV
Heavy
Industry
MV / LV
Substation
Connexion to
HV network
Connexion to
MV network
Energy Producers Utility Transmission Utility Distribution
Power failure, Voltage spikes,
Under voltage, Frequency variations
Harmonics,
Power Factor
Power
Grid
Customer
Grid
UPS Consumers
Reliable &
safe Power
Harmonics created by the
load is reduced by the UPS
UPS ON
14. - The simplest solution, used for applications that support a cut of 4 to 10ms when detecting the fault of the
source and transfer to the battery
- This technology is for low powers (Apparent Power: 330 VA – 900 VA)
- This solution is inexpensive with a good efficiency
UPS’s - Different topologies – Off-Line
Back-UPS
®
ES
Surge Filter
Static
Switch
Batteries
charger Batteries Inverter
15. UPS’s - Different topologies – Line-interactive Easy UPS BV
Smart-UPS green
- This technology is an improvement of the first, the coupling / decoupling device is more sophisticated (static or
fast system) and a regulating device of the mains voltage can be added
- The DC / AC converter is generally a bi-directional converter or reversible, providing the battery and the load
power in case of power cut
- This solution is used little above 5000 VA
Static
switch
Voltage
regulator Filter
Rectifier Inverter
Batteries
16. UPS’s - Different topologies – On-line Double conversion
- The load is permanently supplied by the converter, which allows to regulate frequency and voltage
- This technology is particularly suitable for very disturbed networks or very sensitive applications
- This technology is used for power supplies up to 1,6 MVA
Smart-UPS RT
Gamme Galaxy
By-pass static
switch
Rectifier Inverter
Batteries
18. Click each logo to learn more.
Because these are the primary organizations that create the requirements for UPS systems,
you should have a general understanding of how they work and how Schneider Electric works
with them.
Page 18Confidential Property of Schneider Electric |
Standards - UPS Requirements
19. Appro : 550kg
3-Phase UPS - Installation considerations - Dimensions
Example of dimension of UPS : Galaxy 3500 => 20kVA 3:3 15min
Page 22Confidential Property of Schneider Electric |
21. Technical room airflow requirements : example : Galaxy VM 160kVA
Page 24Confidential Property of Schneider Electric |
3-Phase UPS - Installation considerations - Ventilation, air-
conditioning
22. Galaxy 3500
IP 51
Galaxy 5500 Marine IP 22 Gutor PXC
IP 42
Some applications where a reinforcement of IP level is required :
Emergency application (smoke extraction systems) => IP 30
Marine : IP 22
Industry where corrosion or dust are there => up to IP 55. Above IP32, Gutor offer is required
3-Phase UPS - Installation considerations - IP degree of
protection
Note: Most of UPS’s are IP 20
Page 25Confidential Property of Schneider Electric |
24. 1-Phase UPS - Offer
375-1100 VA 0,55 – 1,5 kVA 0,75 - 5 kVA 0,5 – 1,1 kVA
Surge Arrest
Smart UPS
SMT
Back UPS
Line
interactive
Surge
protection
Back UPS SX3
online
1 - 20 kVA 2 - 16 kVA 1-10 kVA
Smart UPS RT Smart UPS SR1
Confidential Property of Schneider Electric Page 27
Symmetra LX
Back UPS Pro Back VS
Smart RVS
IT &
Non-IT
IT
Data Center
25. 10kVA 40kVA 200kVA
Symmetra PX
3-Phase UPS - Offer
Symmetra MW 500-1600kVA
Galaxy
3500
Smart-UPS
VT
10-40 kVA
10-40 kVA 10-80 kVA 20-120 kVA 160-200 kVA 250-500 kVA 500-1500kVA
10-500 kVA 400-1600 kVA
PX 40/48 kW PX 250/500 kWPX 100/160kW
Galaxy VM Galaxy VXGalaxy
4000/5000/5500
STAND-
ALONE
MODULAR
Galaxy 7000
Fully
Customized
5-160 kVA 5-220 kVA
Gutor PXC
Gutor
PXP
Gutor PEW
&
Gutor PDW
Confidential Property of Schneider Electric Page 28
Galaxy
300
10- 40 KVA 10-80 kVA
IT
Data centers
Non-IT
IT &
Non-IT
Easy
UPS 3S
More Electric:
Our world is becoming More Electric. Almost everything we interact with today is either already electric or becoming electric. Think about it. From the time you start your day in the morning to the time you finish your day – your home, your car, your work, your devices, your entertainment – almost everything is electric. Imagine the energy needed to power this. Electricity consumption will increase by 80% in next 25 years
More Connected: Our lives are also becoming more connected. The Internet has already transformed the way we live, work and play. Now the Connected Things is going to take this to a brand new level. 50 billion things connected in the next 5 years.
More Distributed: With such a widespread electrification and connectivity, energy models need rethinking as well. Which is why the generation of power needs to be closer to users. Distributed Energy is rapidly evolving globally. This is positive energy – renewable. In 2014 , Renewables overtook fossil fuels in investment value, with $295bn invested in renewables compared to $289bn invested in fossil fuels. And it is getting cheaper to do this.
More Efficient: When our world is more electric, more connected and more distributed, new opportunities emerge and allows us to tap into even more efficiency – in industrial processes, in the energy value chain, in buildings, in transportation, in the global supply chain and even in the comfort and peace-of-mind of our homes.
Additional Data Points:
MORE ELECTRIC:
The rising demand for electricity driven by urbanisation, digitisation and sustainability – in particular buildings, industry, intelligent devices and even transportation -- demands proven energy management approaches.
Electricity consumption will DOUBLE within the next 20Y (urbanization). This is absolutely massive, esp. considering the yield of electricity production is around 30-40% only (3 units of primary energy to produce 1 unit of electricity). Most of the energy challenge lies into the growth of electricity production (& consumption).
MORE DISTRIBUTED:
In many parts of the world, energy generation is getting increasingly distributed. This is driven by new capabilities to provide local energy to facilities, particularly around positive or renewable energy and micro grids.
Here are two cool reasons behind this trend:
Energy storage has seen drastic improvements in its economics over the past 5 years
Li-Ion Battery cost $/Kwhr dropping from 1000 in 2010 to around 200 in 2014
Falling prices of renewable energy
Cost of Solar modules divided by 5 in last 5 years, to divide again by 2 in coming 20 years. This is now competitive with electricity prices and tariff.
Only about 0.08% of the planet needs to be equipped with solar panels to cover world energy needs (125,000km²)
Solar will reach (& already does) competitiveness with retail (& some day wholesale) prices of electricity. > Considerable modification of the traditional electricity distribution paradigm (solar + battery cheaper than retail electricity). Go for distribution of energy (small units) rather than high capex/opex power plants.
Energy of the sun everyday = 3,500 times what humanity will consume in 2050…
MORE CONNECTED:
The Internet of Things will connect 50 billion more devices in the next 5 years. Also, think of all the sensors and embedded electronics in machines on shopfloors and plants all over the world. This will add new operational intelligence from data uncovered. This, in turn, will drive vast efficiency opportunities. Connectivity, ladies and gentlemen, is pervasive – all industries, all levels of enterprise and society.
Data centers alone = 1-2% of total world electricity consumption, but the entire ICT sector = 10%.
Consumption doubled btw 2000/2005, and grew at +56% btw 2005-2010.
Digitization is also changing lives : Faster, simpler, more collaborative – More efficient
MORE EFFICINECY OPPORTUNITIES:
Our more electric world; the more distributed energy world; and the more connected world… they come together to create a more efficient world for us.
However, two-thirds of the energy efficiency potential remains untapped1. There is massive energy efficiency opportunities in Industry, Infrastructure, Buildings and Datacenters. There is also significant energy wastage due to inefficient processes in industries such as refineries, steel, and cement, to name a few.
One way to reduce this wastage is to embrace new technologies which can drive more efficient processes. Typically, the adoption of new technologies can result about 30% savings in energy consumption.
Energy is wasted by inefficient transformation industries (refineries for instance). Around 760MTOE per Y in 2013 (out of 11BTOE consumed)
Energy is wasted by inefficient power & heat transformation. Around 3,2BTOE per Y in 2013 (out of 11BTOE consumed) ! Reducing electricity consumption thus has a direct massive impact on primary resources consumption (which is why primary resource prices might remain durably low if large consumers such as Europe, NAM, China go forward with carbon reduction programs). This is just #1 topic.
Energy is inefficiently used in all segments (ref. to the slide), and massive opportunities exist.
Main paradigm: deploy what’s best (usually new tech easily consumes 30-50% less than old one).
Few e.g..
Steel industry (electrical arc furnace 5GJ/t vs traditional furnace 14GJ/t).
Cement plants (new tech 25% reduction at 3GJ/t).
Aluminium plants (13% saving only with new process & equipment)
Electric motors = 46% of total electricity consumption (64% in the industry). 21% could be saved (IEA) using EE techniques.
Buildings = 30-60% saving depending on granularity (space / time) of the “Active controls” installed. Passive isolation brings 10-15%.
Transport – Light duty = considerable progress over last decades. Up to 30% saving on fuel. And even more now with hybrid & full electric technologies. 80% of light duty transportation = small distances (within cities). Smart mobility can also take us there.
Transport – Air industry. New Boeing 787 1,3MJ/seat/km vs Boeing 767 1,9MJ/seat/km >> considerable savings
Transport – Marine. Shore connection
Main issue: willingness to change, inertia of deployment of these new tech
Lifetime of industrial plant ~ 50Y (or a power plant by the way)
Buildings: by 2050, 75% of existing buildings will still be standing
Transportation: sales of new vehicles = 7% of worldwide fleet every year + fleet is increasing (700M cars today vs 3B in 2050). >> very low rate of replacement
Recommended Script :
To understand the emerging new world of distributed energy, we must first understand the old world of energy.
This old world of energy is going through a massive transformation -- from a centralized, linear fashion of power generation, distribution and consumption….. to a more distributed and connected one.
NEXT SLIDE
Recommended Script :
To understand the emerging new world of distributed energy, we must first understand the old world of energy.
This old world of energy is going through a massive transformation -- from a centralized, linear fashion of power generation, distribution and consumption….. to a more distributed and connected one.
NEXT SLIDE
We need to have a look inside a UPS
We need to understand how a UPS works
Everybody know a rectifier (Used for your phones, Laptop)
This is called double conversion
This is how most UPS’s are made
Recommended Script :
To understand the emerging new world of distributed energy, we must first understand the old world of energy.
This old world of energy is going through a massive transformation -- from a centralized, linear fashion of power generation, distribution and consumption….. to a more distributed and connected one.
NEXT SLIDE
Recommended Script :
To understand the emerging new world of distributed energy, we must first understand the old world of energy.
This old world of energy is going through a massive transformation -- from a centralized, linear fashion of power generation, distribution and consumption….. to a more distributed and connected one.
NEXT SLIDE
L'utilisation est alimentée directement au travers d'un filtre lorsque l'alimentation normale est présente et de qualité suffisante. Lors d'une défaillance de cette alimentation, l'utilisation est alimentée par l'onduleur à partir de sa batterie . Ces alimentations sont réservées aux récepteurs de faible puissance de type bureautique ou micro informatique avec une alimentation normale peu perturbée. Le temps de transfert de l'alimentation normale vers l'onduleur est de quelques millisecondes à une dizaine de millisecondes habituellement ( temps de basculement d'un relais ) .
L'utilisation est alimentée directement au travers d'un dispositif de couplage / découplage lorsque l'alimentation normale est de qualité suffisante. L'onduleur est alors en parallèle avec l'utilisation et prélève l'énergie nécessaire à la charge de la batterie. Un dispositif de filtrage peut être intercalé entre l'alimentation normale et l'onduleur afin d'améliorer le taux de distorsion de la tension et également apporter une régulation de la tension de sortie. Dans ce dernier cas le courant réactif prélevé a l'alimentation normale peut être élevé puisque c'est généralement une inductance qui supporte la différence de tension entre les deux sources.
Lors de la disparition de l'alimentation normale, le dispositif de découplage permet à l'onduleur d'alimenter directement l'utilisation. Ce dispositif de découplage doit évidemment être rapide pour éviter de perturber l'utilisation pendant le transfert des alimentations.
Bien que certaines alimentations puissent assurer une régulation de l'amplitude, la régulation de fréquence n'est pas possible et cette particularité limite leur utilisation à des alimentations normales ne présentant pas de perturbation de fréquence. Elles sont donc à éviter dans le cas où un groupe moteur thermique-générateur peut se substituer au réseau lorsque celui-ci disparaît, en raison des fluctuations de fréquence de tels dispositifs surtout pour les puissances faibles.
L'utilisation est alimentée à travers la double conversion du redresseur et de l'onduleur, à partir de l'alimentation normale , lorsque celle-ci est dans les tolérances de tension et de fréquence admissibles par le redresseur . Lorsque l'alimentation normale sort de ces tolérances l'utilisation continue d'être alimentée par l'onduleur à partir de la batterie. L'utilisation est donc en permanence alimentée par l'onduleur qui délivre une tension dont la stabilité en amplitude et en fréquence peut être très élevée. De plus le nombre de phases ainsi que les fréquences en entrée et en sortie peuvent être différents. Le redresseur et la batterie délivrent une énergie hautement disponible que l'onduleur transforme en énergie de haute qualité.
Certaines ASI comportent en plus de la chaîne redresseur / batterie / onduleur une voie by-pass, permettant généralement à travers un contacteur statique, d'alimenter directement l'utilisation en cas de forte surcharge ou d'arrêt de la chaîne précédente.
Cette voie by-pass peut être de plus raccordée à une source appelée alimentation 2, différente de l'alimentation normale afin d'augmenter la disponibilité.
Ces alimentations sont donc utilisées pour toutes les charges nécessitant un niveau de qualité élevé telles que les salles informatiques, les applications médicales ou les équipements de contrôle de procédés industriels. Elles s'imposent pour la plupart des applications lorsque l'alimentation normale est très perturbée comme dans les réseaux industriels ou ruraux.