The document provides information and examples about using the past perfect tense in English. It discusses two main uses of the past perfect: 1) to express an action that was completed before another past action, and 2) to indicate a duration of time before another past action for non-continuous verbs. It provides examples of each use and additional details about using specific times, adverbs, active and passive voice with the past perfect. The document concludes with exercises for learners to practice forming sentences using the past perfect tense.

1. CUNG CẤP GIÁO VIÊN NƯỚC NGOÀI
– PAST PERFECT + EXERCISES
FORM - PAST PERFECT
[had + past participle]
Examples:
 You had studied English before you moved to New York.
 Had you studied English before you moved to New York?
 You had not studied English before you moved to New York.

2. Complete List of Past Perfect Forms
USE 1 Completed Action Before Something in the Past
The Past Perfect expresses the idea that something occurred before
another action in the past. It can also show that something happened
before a specific time in the past.
Examples:
 I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.
 I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.
 Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several
times.
 Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?
 She only understood the movie because she had read the book.
 Kristine had never been to an opera before last night.
 We were not able to get a hotel room because we had not
booked in advance.
 A: Had you ever visited the U.S. before your trip in 2006?
B: Yes, I had been to the U.S. once before.
USE 2 Duration Before Something in the Past (Non-Continuous
Verbs)

3. With Non-Continuous Verbs and some non-continuous uses of Mixed
Verbs, we use the Past Perfect to show that something started in the past
and continued up until another action in the past.
Examples:
 We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.
 By the time Alex finished his studies, he had been in London for
over eight years.
 They felt bad about selling the house because they had owned it
for more than forty years.
Although the above use of Past Perfect is normally limited to Non-
Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, the words
"live," "work," "teach," and "study" are sometimes used in this way even
though they are NOT Non-Continuous Verbs.
IMPORTANT Specific Times with the Past Perfect
Unlike with the Present Perfect, it is possible to use specific time words
or phrases with the Past Perfect. Although this is possible, it is usually
not necessary.
Example:
 She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she
moved in with them in 1996.
MOREOVER
If the Past Perfect action did occur at a specific time, the Simple Past can
be used instead of the Past Perfect when "before" or "after" is used in the
sentence. The words "before" and "after" actually tell you what happens

4. first, so the Past Perfect is optional. For this reason, both sentences
below are correct.
Examples:
 She had visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she
moved in with them in 1996.
 She visited her Japanese relatives once in 1993 before she moved
in with them in 1996.
HOWEVER
If the Past Perfect is not referring to an action at a specific time, Past
Perfect is not optional. Compare the examples below. Here Past Perfect
is referring to a lack of experience rather than an action at a specific
time. For this reason, Simple Past cannot be used.
Examples:
 She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska. Not Correct
 She had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska. Correct
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as:
always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
 You had previously studied English before you moved to New
York.

5.  Had you previously studied English before you moved to New
York?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
 George had repaired many cars before he received his mechanic's
license. Active
 Many cars had been repaired by George before he received his
mechanic's license. Passive

6. EXERCISES 1
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate
tenses, then click the "Check" button to check your answers.
Top of Form
I can't believe I (get) that apartment. I (submit) my
application last week, but I didn't think I had a chance of actually getting it.
When I (show) up to take a look around, there were at least
twenty other people who (arrive) before me. Most of them (fill,
already) out their applications and were already leaving. The
landlord said I could still apply, so I did.
I (try) to fill out the form, but I couldn't answer half of the
questions. They (want) me to include references, but I didn't want
to list my previous landlord because I (have) some problems with
him in the past and I knew he wouldn't recommend me. I (end) up
listing my father as a reference.
It was total luck that he (decide) to give me the apartment. It turns
out that the landlord and my father (go) to high school together.
He decided that I could have the apartment before he (look) at my
credit report. I really lucked out!
EXERCISES 2
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate
tenses, then click the "Check" button to check your answers.
Top of Form
1. When I (arrive) home last night, I discovered that Jane
(prepare) a beautiful candlelight dinner.
2. Since I began acting, I (perform) in two plays, a television

7. commercial and a TV drama. However, I (speak, never
even) publicly before I came to Hollywood in 1985.
3. By the time I got to the office, the meeting (begin,
already) without me. My boss (be) furious with me
and I (be) fired.
4. When I (turn) the radio on yesterday, I (hear) a song
that was popular when I was in high school. I (hear, not) the song
in years, and it (bring) back some great memories.
5. Last week, I (run) into an ex-girlfriend of mine. We (see,
not) each other in years, and both of us (change) a
great deal. I (enjoy) talking to her so much that I
(ask) her out on a date. We are getting together tonight for dinner.
6. When Jack (enter) the room, I (recognize,
not) him because he (lose) so much weight and
(grow) a beard. He looked totally different!
7. The Maya established a very advanced civilization in the jungles of the
Yucatan; however, their culture (disappear, virtually) by the
time Europeans first (arrive) in the New World.
8. I (visit) so many beautiful places since I (come) to
Utah. Before moving here, I (hear, never) of Bryce Canyon, Zion,
Arches, or Canyonlands.

8. EXERCISES 3
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate
tenses, then click the "Check" button to check your answers.
Top of Form
I'm sorry I left without you last night, but I told you to meet me early because
the show started at 8:00. I (try) to get tickets for that play for
months, and I didn't want to miss it. By the time I finally left the coffee shop
where we were supposed to meet, I (have) five cups of coffee and
I (wait) over an hour. I had to leave because I
(arrange) to meet Kathy in front of the theater.
When I arrived at the theater, Kathy (pick, already) up the
tickets and she was waiting for us near the entrance. She was reallyangry
because she (wait) for more than half an hour. She said she
(give, almost) up and (go) into the theater without
us.
Kathy told me you (be) late several times in the past and that she
would not make plans with you again in the future. She mentioned that she
(miss) several movies because of your late arrivals.I think you
owe her an apology. And in the future, I suggest you be on time!
EXERCISES 4
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate
tenses, then click the "Check" button to check your answers.
Top of Form
1. It is already9:30 PM and I (wait) here for over an hour. If
John does not get here in the next five minutes, I am going to leave.
2. I was reallyangry at John yesterday. By the time he finally arrived, I
(wait) for over an hour. I almost left without him.

9. 3. Did you hear that Ben was fired last month? He (work) for
that import company for more than ten years and he (work) in
almost every department. Nobody knew the company like he did.
4. I (see) many pictures of the pyramids before I went to Egypt.
Pictures of the monuments are very misleading. The pyramids are actually
quite small.
5. Sarah (climb) the Matterhorn, (sail) around the
world, and (go) on safari in Kenya. She is such an adventurous
person.
6. Sarah (climb) the Matterhorn, (sail) around the
world and (go) on safari in Kenya by the time she turned twenty-
five. She (experience) more by that age than most people do in
their entire lives.
7. When Melanie came into the office yesterday, her eyes were red and
watery. I think she (cry) .
EXERCISES 5
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate
tenses, then click the "Check" button to check your answers.
Top of Form
1.
a. Look, I (have) two tickets for the circus.
b. Look, I (hold) two tickets for the circus.
2.
a. We (be) there for more than half an hour by the time the show
began.

10. b. We (wait) there for more than half an hour by the time the
show began.
3.
a. Sam (sit) in the seat next to me when the clown threw a bucket
of water at me.
b. Sam (be) in the seat next to me when the clown threw a bucket
of water at me.
4.
a. One clown was juggling while he (balance) a glass of wine on
his head.
b. One clown was juggling while he (have) a glass of wine on his
head.
5.
a. I (love) the circus ever since I was a child.
b. I (go) to the circus ever since I was a child.
6.
a. Right now, I (see) two elephants doing tricks in the ring.
b. Right now, I (look) at two elephants doing tricks in the ring.

11. EXERCISES 6
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate
tenses, then click the "Check" button to check your answers.
Top of Form
Lars: Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?
Tony: We (wait) for the new Stars Wars movie. In fact, we
(wait) here for more than five hours.
Lars: Five hours? When did you arrive?
Tony: We (get) here at 6:00 o'clock this morning. More than forty
people (stand, already) here waiting for tickets when we
arrived.
Lars: I can't believe that! Are you serious?
Tony: Yeah, people (take) Star Wars movies seriously. In fact,
this particular showing has been sold out for over a week. We (wait,
just) in line to get a good seat in the theater.
Lars: When did you buy your tickets?
Tony: I (buy) them last week by phone. I
(know) tickets would be hard to get because I (see) a
news interview with a group of people standing in line to get tickets. They
(wait) in line for almost a month to buy tickets for the first
showing.
Lars: I don't believe that!
Tony: It's true. They (camp) out in front of Mann's Chinese
Theater in Los Angeles for about a month because they (want) to
be the first people to see the movie.

12. EXERCISES 6
Using the words in parentheses, complete the text below with the appropriate
tenses, then click the "Check" button to check your answers.
Top of Form
1. You look really great! (you, work) out at the fitness center
recently?
2. A: What (you, do) when the accident occurred?
B: I (try) to change a light bulb that had burnt out.
3. I (have) the same car for more than ten years. I'm thinking
about buying a new one.
4. If it (snow) this weekend, we (go) skiing near Lake
Tahoe.
5. A: What do you call people who work in libraries?
B: They (call) librarians.
6. I came to England six months ago. I started my economics course three
months ago. When I return to Australia, I (study) for nine
months and I (be) in England for exactly one year.
7. Sam (arrive) in San Diego a week ago.
8. Samantha (live) in Berlin for more than two years. In fact, she
(live) there when the Berlin wall came down.
9. If Vera (keep) drinking, she (lose,
eventually) her job.

13. 10. The Maya established a very advanced civilization in the jungles of the
Yucatan; however, their culture (disappear, virtually) by the
time Europeans first (arrive) in the New World.
11. Shhhhh! Be quiet! John (sleep) .
12. It (rain) all week. I hope it stops by Saturday because I want
to go to the beach.
13. Listen Donna, I don't care if you (miss) the bus this morning.
You (be) late to work too many times. You are fired!
14. I am sick of rain and bad weather! Hopefully, when we
(wake) up tomorrow morning, the sun (shine) .
15. I have not traveled much yet; however, I (visit) the Grand
Canyon and San Francisco by the time I leave the United States.
16. I (see) many pictures of the pyramids before I went to Egypt.
Pictures of the monuments are very misleading. The pyramids are actually
quite small.
17. In the last hundred years, traveling (become) much easier and
very comfortable. In the 19th century, it (take) two or three
months to cross North America by covered wagon. The trip
(be) very rough and often dangerous. Things
(change) a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years. Now you
can fly from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.
18. Joseph's English (improve, really) , isn't it? He
(watch) American television programs and
(study) his grammar every day since he first arrived in San
Diego. Soon he will be totally fluent.

14. 19. When I (arrive) home last night, I discovered that Jane
(prepare) a beautiful candlelight dinner.
20. If you (need) to contact me sometime next week, I
(stay) at the Sheraton in San Francisco.
EXERCISES 6
Complete questions 1-10 below with the appropriate tenses, answer questions
11-15, then click the "Check" button to check your answers.
Top of Form
1. When Carol (call) last night, I (watch) my favorite
show on television.
2. I (work) for this company for more than thirty years, and I
intend to stay here until I retire!
3. Sharon (love) to travel. She (go) abroad almost
every summer. Next year, she plans to go to Peru.
4. Thomas is an author. He (write) mystery novels and travel
memoirs. He (write) since he was twenty-eight. Altogether, he
(write) seven novels, three collections of short stories and a book
of poetry.
5. We were late because we had some car problems. By the time we
(get) to the train station, Susan (wait) for us for more
than two hours.
6. Sam (try) to change a light bulb when he (slip) and
(fall) .
7. Everyday I (wake) up at 6 o'clock, (eat) breakfast
at 7 o'clock and (leave) for work at 8 o'clock. However, this

15. morning I (get) up at 6:30, (skip) breakfast and
(leave) for work late because I (forget) to set my
alarm.
8. Right now, Jim (read) the newspaper and Kathy
(make) dinner. Last night at this time, they (do) the
same thing. She (cook) and he (read) the newspaper.
Tomorrow at this time, they (do, also) the same thing. She
(prepare) dinner and he (read) . They are very
predictable people!
9. By this time next summer, you (complete) your studies and
(find) a job. I, on the other hand, (accomplish,
not) anything. I (study, still) and you
(work) in some new high paying job.
10. The students (be, usually) taught by Mrs. Monty. However,
this week they (teach) taught by Mr. Tanzer.
* * * * * * * * * * * *
11.
Jane talks on the phone.
Bob has been talking on the phone for an hour.
Mary is talking on the phone.
Who is not necessarily on the phone now?
12.
I'm going to make dinner for Frank.
I'm making dinner for Judy.
I'll make dinner for Mary.
I make dinner for Ted.
I will be making dinner for Tony.

16. Who are you offering to make dinner for?
13.
Jane left when Tim arrived.
Bob left when Tim had arrived.
When Tim arrived, Mary was leaving.
John had left when Tim arrived.
After Tim arrived,Frank left.
Who did not run into Tim?
14.
Jane is talking in class.
Bob always talks in class.
Mary is always talking in class.
Whose action bothers you?
15.
Jane never left Jamestown.
Bob has never left Jamestown.
Who is still alive?

17. Giới thiệu công ty:
Hawaii Education là đơn vị cung cấp giáo viên nước ngoài được nhiều khách
hạn chọn lựa. Với nguồn giáo viên ổn định, và chất lượng (giáo viên giảng dạy
phải có bằng cấp sư phạm quốc tế như : TESOL, CELTA…v..v..) cùng với
kinh nghiệm giảng dạy đa dạng chuyên sâu sẽ giúp học viên nhanh chóng cải
thiện khả năng tiếng Anh trong thời gian ngắn.
Ngoài cung cấp giáo viên nước ngoài, công ty Hawaii còn thiết kế những
chương trình học phù hợp với yêu cầu của khách hàng như Tiếng Anh face to
face, Tiếng Anh doanh nghiệp, Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành, giúp khách hàng có
thêm nhiều sự lựa chọn phù hợp với khả năng và mục đích học của mình.
Với mong muốn trở thành đơn vị cung cấp giáo viên nước ngoài hàng đầu,
Hawaii Education luônchú trọngvào nhữngdịch vụ mà công ty mangđến cho
khách hàng, không ngừng cải thiện, nâng cao chất lượng cũng như tính đa
dạngnhắm mở rộng sự lựa chọn cho khách hàng. Với cam kết luôn mangđến
cho khách hàng những điều tốt nhất, vhất lượng giáo viên luôn là mối quan
tâm hàng đầu của công ty.
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Từ khoá: cung cấp giáo viên nước ngoài, cung cap giao vien nuoc ngoai, cung cấp
giáo viên bản ngữ, cung cap giao vien ban ngu