2.
is a method of transmitting information from
one place to another by sending light through
an optical fiber.
The light forms an electromagnetic carrier
wave that is modulated to carry information.
4.
An optical fiber (or fibre) is a glass or
plastic fiber that carries light along its
length.
Its function is to guide
visible and infrared
light over long distances.
6.
Core – central tube of very thin size and
carries the light form transmitter to receiver.
Cladding – outer optical material
surrounding the core having reflecting index
lower than core.
Buffer Coating – plastic coating that protects
the fiber made of silicon rubber.
12.
TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION
Light travels from a denser to a rarer
medium
The angle of incidence is greater than the
critical angle
reflection into the same medium
repeated number of internal reflections
until it emerges out of the other end of the
fiber, even if the fiber is bent.
15. SINGLE MODE FIBER (SMF):
Transmits one signal per fiber (used in telephone and
cable TV).
Uses infrared light from laser.
smaller core (<10 micrometers)
more expensive components and interconnection
methods.
allows much longer, higher-performance links
16. MULTI MODE FIBER (MMF):
used to transmit many signals per fiber (used in
computer networks).
Transmits infrared light from LED.
They have larger cores((≥ 50 micrometers)
less precise, cheaper transmitters and receivers
and cheaper connectors.
introduces multimode distortion
limits the bandwidth
more expensive and exhibits higher attenuation.
18.
Immunity to Noise
Safety.
High Security
Less Loss
Reliability
Size
Flexibility
Much Higher Bandwidth (Gbps)
Longer life
Cost Effective
Higher transmission rate of 100Mbps.
supports voice, video and data.
19.
expensive over short distance
requires highly skilled installers
cost of interfacing equipment
Maintenance and repairing cost is high.