PLANT BREEDING AND GENETICS

1. APB-221
GUIDED BY SUBMITTED BY
Mr. ROSHAN PARIHAR SHEKH ALISHA
DEPT. OF PLANT BREEDING B.Sc. Agr,2nd YEAR/2nd sem

3. INDEX
 INTRODUCTION.
 WHAT IS PEDIGREE METHOD?
 WHAT IS PEGDIGREE RECORD ?
 PROCEDURE OF PEDIGREE METHOD.
 APPLICATION OF PEDIGREE METHOD.
 MERITS
 DEMERITS.
 ACHIEVEMENTS.

4. INTRODUCTION:
 Mass and Pureline Selection can not be applied to
segregating population e.g. F2,f3,etc.,obtain from crosses.
 For handling the segregating generations the methods
generally used are,
1.pedigree method,
2.Bulk method,
3.Back cross method.
 In this method, individual plants are selected from F2 and
subsequent generations, their progenies are grown, and a
record of all parent-offspring relationship is maintained.

7. PROCEDURE
 F1 GENERATION :
The F1 plants are grown to produce sufficient F2 seeds.(15-30 plants
selected for next generation) The F1 plants are planted and assessed
for their behavior with regard to easily observable characters and
the selfed plants that occur accidentally are identified and
removed.
 F2 GENERATION:
It is the most important generation that shows maximum genetic
variation and provides the opportunity to select individual
plants.(150-250 plant selected) A relatively large number of plants are
raised and evaluated. Selection of plants is made based on their
behavior. The selected plants are individually harvested and a
detailed record is kept .

8. • F3 GENERATION
The progeny rows of the selected F2 plants are grown along with check
variety in the F3,individual plant progeny minimum 30 plants in one row.
The plants are liberally evaluated and compared visually with check
varieties. It must be ensured that progenies with susceptibility to
diseases and pests are rejected. Plants are individually harvested and
a record of genetic and agronomic characters is kept.
 F4 GENERATION:
The progeny of selected F3 plants is grown to produce F4 families. The
progeny of one F3 plant constitutes a family. The number of families
can be reduced by visual selection.
 F5 GENERATION :
In this generation, the selected plants are grown in progeny rows
usually in large numbers. By this generation, variation within
families considerably decreases. The selected families are bulk
harvested.

9. • F6 GENERATION:
Preliminary yield trials of the selected families are carried out at
this stage. Screening for resistance and quality is also done.
more than 99% homozygosity obtain.
• F7 GENERATION :
The progenies are evaluated for plant height, lodging and
disease resistance, flowering time, maturity time and quality
etc.
• F8-F10 GENERATION:
The superior lines are tested in replicated yield trials at several
locations. A line that is superior to the best commercial variety
will be identified for release as a new variety.