The slides contain the situation of climate change impacts and risk in Pakistan. This presentation also provides a set of key possible climate change interventions for the Pakistan Red Crescent.

1. www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
Climate Change
Pakistan
Climate Change
Pakistan
Climate Change in Pakistan
Situation and key recommendations
Shesh Kanta Kafle
Disaster Management Coordinator
30 September 2015

2. www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
Climate Change
Pakistan Contents
 Pakistan- key climate change features
 Impact of climate change on Pakistan
 National Climate Change Policy of
Pakistan
 Possible PRC interventions
 References and further reading

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Saving lives, changing minds.
Climate Change
Pakistan
Global Climate Risk Index (2014): Haiti,
Philippines and Pakistan

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Climate Change
Pakistan Increase in mean temperature
Average annual
temperature over
the last century
increased in
Northern part 0.8
C; and Western
part 0.6 C.
Projected
temperatures
increase by
2060s 1.4 to 3.7
C.

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Climate Change
Pakistan Precipitation (1960-2010)

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Climate Change
Pakistan
Heatwave development over Pakistan

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Climate Change
Pakistan Sea level rise in Pakistan

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Climate Change
Pakistan Consequences of climate change
 Melting ice and rising sea level
 Extreme weather, shifting rainfall
 Risks for human health
 Costs for society and economy
 Risks for wildlife/natural resources

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Climate Change
Pakistan
THREATS by Changing Climate
Climate Change in Pakistan
- Seasonal Shifts
- Glaciers Melting
- Sea Level Rise
- Drought
- Extreme Weather Events
Frequency/Intensity of Heat/Cold Waves
Torrential Rains/Landslides
Tropical Cyclones
Societal Impacts
Agriculture
Energy
Water
Health
Climate Change, caused by Natural and Human Activities, is now
widely recognized as the major environmental problem facing the
Planet Earth

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Climate Change
Pakistan Key features
 Third country most affected by climate change as
per Global Climate Risk Index
 More rains in summer, and less rains in winter.
Productivity of wheat and other winter crops is
decreasing.
 Agriculture contributes 21% to the total GDP.
Pakistan is an agrarian country, where 62% people
depends on agriculture for their living.

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Climate Change
Pakistan Key features
 Increased health risk and CC-induced migration
 Increased in disasters such as floods, heatwave,
siltation, GLOF.
 Loss in biodiversity
 Only 5.2% land area is covered
by forest (in 2010);
it should be minimum of 20-30%. Deforestation is at
the rate of 2.1% per year (47,000 ha).

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Climate Change
Pakistan
History of Climate related Disasters in
Pakistan
 Pakistan Floods (1950, 1956, 1957, 1973, 1976, 1978, 1988, 1992, 1995,
2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012) (Aziz and Tanaka,
2011); Pakistan Floods 2010: (Around 2000 people died and over 20 million
affected)
 2007 Cyclone Yemyin July 2007: At least 730 people died, some 350,000
people were displaced, 1.5 million affected and more than two million
livestock perished. Tropical cyclone Gonu (2007), Phet 2010, also proved
devastating in the recent past history of Pakistan
 1998-2002 series of Droughts: At least 1.2 million people in Baluchistan
were affected by drought, and over hundreds of people died, mostly because
of dehydration, Millions of animals perished.
 Heat Waves 1978, 1990, 1995, 1996, 2007, 2010, 2013,

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Climate Change
Pakistan

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Climate Change
Pakistan Climate change policy (GoP, 2012)
• To pursue sustained economic growth by appropriately addressing the
challenges of climate change;
• To integrate climate change policy with other inter-related national
policies;
• To focus on pro-poor gender sensitive adaptation while also promoting
mitigation to the extent possible in a cost-effective manner;
• To ensure water security, food security and energy security of the
country in the face of the challenges posed by climate change;
• To minimize the risks arising from the expected increase in frequency
and intensity of extreme weather events such as floods, droughts and
tropical storms;

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Saving lives, changing minds.
Climate Change
Pakistan Climate change policy (GoP, 2012)
• To strengthen inter-ministerial decision making and coordination
mechanisms on climate change;
• To facilitate effective use of the opportunities, particularly financial,
available both nationally and internationally;
• To foster the development of appropriate economic incentives to
encourage public and private sector investment in adaptation
measures;
• To enhance the awareness, skill and institutional capacity of
relevant stakeholders;
• To promote conservation of natural resources and long term
sustainability.

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Climate Change
Pakistan
RCRC Initiatives (Maldives, Indonesia, Sri
Lanka, Myanmar, Bangladesh)
• Development of DRR and CCA strategy of Maldivian Red Crescent Society
(MRCS)
• Development of tools and guidelines in integrating CCA into CBDRR
• Training to RCRC staff and volunteers on assessing impact of climate
change and adaptation mechanisms
• Assessing climate change at community levels- current and future climate
risks
• Education and awareness raising at community levels
• Networking and linkage development with external partners
• Integration of climate change into existing curricula, plans and policies
• Cyclone Preparedness Plan (Cyclone EWS, Bangladesh RC)

17. www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
Climate Change
Pakistan Possible PRC interventions
 Development of PRC climate change policy, strategy, framework
and guidelines
 Integrate climate change adaptation and mitigation into existing
programming;
 Capacity building of staff and volunteers; Development of course
curricula on climate change adaptation and mitigation, impact
assessment, etc.
 Community level climate change interventions through: EWS,
Schools, Plantation, awareness raising campaigns
 Conduct studies on impact and mitigation of climate change in
health, disasters (floods, cyclones, GLOF, etc.) through
collaboration with research institutions and universities.

18. www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
Climate Change
Pakistan PRCS CCA
policy,
strategy,
guidelines,
framework
Policy sphere
Coordination
with National
and
international
CCA stake
holders
Capacity
building of
staff and
volunteers
Capacity
building
sphere
Development
tools for CC
assessment,
mitigation,
awareness &
EW
Implement
EWS,
Awareness,
Plantation
etc
Community
intervention
sphere
Document
case
studies &
success
stories
PossiblePRCClimateChangeInterventions

19. www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
Climate Change
Pakistan Proposed interventions
 Develop linkages with Govt or in country organizations working on CCA
 Build staff and volunteer capacities in climate change adaptation and
mitigation.
 Carry out climate change impact assessment in collaboration with research
institutions, academia and other humanitarian organisations including the
IFRC Climate Change Centre based in Hague, the Netherlands.
 Launch awareness raising campaigns to enhance adaptive capacity of
communities and stakeholders throughout the country especially in the most
vulnerable districts.
 Initiate tree plantation campaigns throughout the country (initially in a pilot
basis in the coastal area, and the areas where climate change will hit hard).

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Saving lives, changing minds.
Climate Change
Pakistan
Climate and Disaster Early Warning and
Awareness raising campaigns

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Saving lives, changing minds.
Climate Change
Pakistan References and further reading
 Framework for Implementation of Climate Change Policy, Government of Pakistan, Climate
change Division, November 2013.
 M. McSweeny, M. New, G. Lizcano. UNDP Climate Change Country Profile-Pakistan.
http://country-profiles.geog.ox.ac.uk
 PMD 2012. Climate change in Pakistan: Focused on Sindh Province. Technical report PMD
25/2012.
 Sakoor, U and et all. 2013. Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture: Empirical Evidence
from Arid Zone. In: Pak. J. of Agri. Sci. Vol. 48(4)
 Qamar-Uz-Zaman, et al. 2009. Climate Change Indicators of Pakistan. PMD.22/2009.
 Kafle, SK 2012. Emergency Communications and Early Warning Systems Development:
Lessons Learned from Aceh and Nias, Indonesia. In: Disaster Risk Reduction: Case
Studies from Asia. Shesh KantaKafle. Kathmandu, Nepal.
 Shrestha, MS, Kafle, SK, Gurung MB, Nibomupudi, HK, Khadgi, VR, Rajkarnikar, G 2014.
Flood Early Warning Systems in Nepal: A Gendered Perspective. ICIMOD. Working paper
2014/4, Kathmandu, Nepal.

22. www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
Climate Change
Pakistan References and further reading
 EU. Climate change consequences.
http://ec.europa.eu/clima/change/consequences/index_en.htm
 GoP 2012. National Climate Change Policy of Pakistan.
 Ghulam Rasul, Trends of Disaster in Future Projected Climate, A PPT presentation)
 Mumtaz, Muhammad 2015. Impacts of Climate Change on Pakistan. The Frontier Post.
13 June 2015. http://www.thefrontierpost.com/article/310028/impacts-of-climate-change-
on-pakistan/
 PRCS DM policy 2008. Pakistan.
 PRCS 2008. DM strategy, Pakistan.
 NFRAS 2005. Natural Resources Assessment Survey 2005.
 "Pakistan crafts plan to cut carbon emissions 30% by 2025". The Express Tribune. 10
June 2015. Retrieved 10 June 2015.

23. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON XXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXX, PLEASE CONTACT:
IFRC PAKISTAN
SHESH.KAFLE
TEL. : +92 305554515
EMAIL: shesh.kafle@ifrc.org; shesh.kafle@gmail.com
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