1.
PHP
Web Frameworks

2.
Hello!
I am Shreyans
Let’s learn about some web
frameworks
You can find me at:
shreyansjasoriya@gmail.com

3.
Web Frameworks

4.
What is a Web Framework ?
➜A web application framework is
a type of framework specifically
designed to help developers build
web applications.
➜These frameworks typically
provide core functionality common
to most web applications, such as
user session management, data
persistence, and templating
systems.
➜By using an appropriate
framework, a developer can often
save a significant amount of time
building a web site.

5.
Features of
Web Frameworks

6.
Features
Data Persistence
A core feature of all web applications is their need to store information and build web pages based on
stored information. Unlike a set of static pages, most web application pages are dynamically generated
from persistent data. (One notable exception is the caching of dynamic pages to improve
performance.) For example, a publisher will type an article on an administrative web page, with
multiple fields for article body, title, author, etc. That page will later be dynamically generated when a
user requests the article from the web application. This allows each article to be templated the same
and lets a publisher edit content without knowing HTML or having to edit files directly on a server.
Obviously each web application has its own needs for the exact data structures to persist. A framework
can assist in data persistence with a variety of features:
•A consistent API to access multiple data storage systems
•Automatic or simplified storage and retrieval of data objects, such as with ORM
•Core business object structure, so all data, even across multiple systems, will have a consistent basic
interface
•Performance enhancements, such as caching above the database layer
•Data integrity checks, such as validating relationships or confirming required fields are filled
•SQL building

7.
Features
Session Management and User Authentication :
Static public websites can typically treat each visitor as completely anonymous.
Web applications, however, often require user accounts and persistence of
information across page views. Some web server and runtime configurations
provide basic session persistence, but user account management and application
specific logic need to be built on top of it. Frameworks can provide generic
user accounts, sometimes extendible, so people can register, login, and reset
passwords. They can also provide user management for administrators.

8.
Features
Security
•Sometimes web application pages are only to be made visible to authenticated
users. Frameworks can automatically check and require authentication before
generating a page.
•Once an end user is authenticated, a framework can check the specific
permissions for that user. These permissions may be managed in a variety of
ways. A framework might provide role-based access control, or any of a variety
of other security features. These are typically managed by a developer in code
or a site administrator through an administrative interface.
Caching
•To improve web application performance, web developers will often cache certain
content so it does not need to be regenerated on each page request.
Frameworks can offer a common interface to disk or database storage of cached
content.

9.
Features
Templating
A framework may provide one or more templating systems or engines with
consistent interfaces for developers. Most often the framework will make available
developer-defined fields or data structures available within templates (i.e. push).
Conversely a templating system may request data back through the framework
(i.e. pull).
The templating system may be something as simple as keyword replacement or
may be robust enough to automatically generate content such as form fields
from parameters.

10.
Features
Administrative Interface
It's very common for dynamic web sites to need a section specifically built for
site administrators. Here the site can be configured and data can be altered.
Administrators might create user accounts, manage permissions, change page
content, generate reports, or anything else as required.
Web application frameworks can assist in building administrative interfaces by:
Generating a navigation structure
Providing common interface elements to form fields, such as a date field with a
calendar
Automatically generating edit and list pages from persistent data structures;
developers will often define the basic fields or desired interfaces and these will
be built into a page by the framework.

11.
PHP Frameworks
➜The CodeIgniter Framework
➜The CakePHP Framework
➜The Zend Framework
➜The Symfony Framework
➜The Yii Framework
➜The Kohana Framework

12.
CodeIgniter
A British Columbia Institute of
Technology Project.

13.
CodeIgniter
Codeigniter is a simple to learn micro-framework that comes bundled with unmatched flexibility and
comprehensive documentation.
Exclusive Features
•Offers incredible control in comparison to other frameworks specially Yii.
•Best framework for Beginners as it is simply great and easier to learn
•Exceptionally High performance and broad compatibility delivered with standard hosting
•Zero configuration required to let the task easier for you
•Large scale monolithic libraries that let complexity break into simplicity
•Thorough maintenance
Required skills – PHP and OOP basics
Latest Stable Version- 2.1.4
Most Suited for – Beginners
Release Date – Feb 28,2006
Licensed Under- OSL

14.
CakePHP
Cake Software Foundation, Inc.

15.
CakePHP
CakePHP ranks fifth amongst all the open source web application frameworks that follows all the Model-
View-Controller (MVC) approach and software design patterns.
Exclusive Features
Good code generation and scaffolding features that rapidly build prototypes to suit all your needs
No complicated XML/YAML file configurations to set up databases
Perfectly suited for commercial applications
Immense Built functionalities like Translation access, database access, caching, validation and
authentication
Securing your App from antisocial elements through CSRF protection, form tampering protection, SQL
injection prevention, XSS prevention.
Required skills – PHP, OOP and ability to sort out Frameworks
Latest Stable Version – 2.4.5
Most Suited for – Experts
Release Date – April 2005
Licensed Under- MIT

16.
Zend Framework
Zend Technologies

17.
Zend Framework
Zend is the one and only framework which is best suited for Enterprise Projects. No other framework
can match upto its flexibility, scalability and robustness. However, this framework is not meant for
Beginners and even Intermediates but it can be of benefit to only the niche which is absolutely expert in
PHP Programming as well as Object Oriented Concepts.
Exclusive Features
Offers the most efficiently designed workflows and API-centric applications that deploy amazingly fast
Agile Design methodology that focuses on delivering the high quality enterprise apps
World class Cloud support on servers. No Cloud lock-in, get everything on your choice of clouds.
Inherently excellent streamlining and automation process that brings software from codes to production
The most coolest Drag and Drop editor, and unmatched front-end support (HTML, CSS and
JavaScript) at your ease
Instant Online Debugging and PHP Unit testing tools to assist with codes and test case report.
Intuitively connected Database Wizard and Editable Table Viewer for exclusive database connectivity.
Required skills – PHP 5 and Expert OOP knowledge
Latest Stable Version – 2.2.5
Most Suited for –Experts
Release Date –March 3, 2006

18.
Symphony
Framework
a SensioLabs Project

19.
Symphony
Symfony bags third position amongst all other PHP Frameworks. It is one of the most actively used framework that ships
with a powerful ORM and excellent documentation. The frequency of its fast adoption can be cited from the fact that
Drupal, the most popular Open source CMS framework worldwide uses the symfony components upto its latest version
(Drupal 8).
Exclusive Features
The most stable, sustainable and flexible 3 in 1 framework that is quickly adaptable to all your needs
Entirely Configurable with its “Dependency Injector” and “Event Dispatcher”
Can be used as a standalone micro framework (Symfony 2) without you having to reinvent the wheel and installing the
entire framework
Lets you build and customize everything as per your own needs
Growing Ecosystem of expert Community, Mailing Lists and IRCs etc. and many other service companies
Extensible up to the brim and is presented as “Bundles” that are intended to add extra functionalities to the framework.
Lets you leverage the power and strength of development by allowing to validate roles and improve productivity
Apparently accessible to satiate professionals and advanced users with its amazing documentation and best practices.
Required skills – PHP 5, OOP , ORM, Console
Latest Stable Version – 2.4.1
Most Suited for – Intermediates / Experts
Release Date – 22nd October, 2005
Licensed Under- MIT

20.
Yii Framework
Yii Software LLC

21.
Yii Framework
Yii is a high performance feature rich framework that mainly lets you focus on the beautifulness of the code while doing all the grunge work completely
behind the scenes. A lot of things in Yii happen automatically but still the learning curve is slightly steeper.
Exclusive Features
•Powerful Caching system that loads your web applications extremely fast.
•Security at its best with Yii. From input validation and output filtering to SQL injection attacks and cross-site scripting (XSS) prevention, it offers
everything to ensure your application is safe and secure.
•Provides excellent support for writing and running both unit tests and functionality tests, which are prominently based on PHPUnit and Selenium.
•There is a detailed documentation for everything if you get stuck anywhere. May it be any single method or property, everything is clearly and
systematically documented.
•Works fantastically well with 3rd party codes. It is designed in a way that you can even use codes from PEAR or ZEND framework into your Yii Web
Application.
•Has a built in authentication support that is facilitated via RBAC (Role Based Access Control).
•Well integrated with JQuery and comes bundled with major Ajax enabled widgets like auto completion input field, Treeview, Data Grid etc that lets you
write highly efficient and versatile UI.
•Supports message translation, date and time formatting, number formatting, and interface localization.
•Offers professionally clean and reusable code that follows MVC pattern.
•Integrates best with both the relational and non relational databases.
Required skills –PHP5 , OOP
Latest Stable Version – 1.1.14
Most Suited for – Intermediates
Release Date – Dec 1, 2013
Licensed Under- BSD

22.
Kohana
Framework
Yii Software LLC

23.
MVCIn layman’s terms...

24.
Model View Controller

25.
View
➜The view in MVC is the presentation layer.
➜This is what the end user of a product will see
and interact with.
➜The view doesn’t consist of business logic in
most clear designs.
➜The interface is fit for purpose and is the area
of interaction. Therefore you could simply output
HTML for consumers to interact with or output
SOAP/XML for businesses to interact with.
➜Both use the same business logic behind the
system otherwise known as the models and
controllers.

26.
Controllers
➜The controller is where the magic happens and defines the
business application logic.
➜This could be where the user has sent a response from the view,
then this response is used to process the internal workings of the
request and processes the response back to the user.
➜Taking a typical response where a user has requested to buy a
book. The controller has the user id, payment details, shipping
address and item choice. These elements are then processed through
the business logic to complete a purchase.
➜The data is passed through the system into the model layer and
eventually after the entire request satisfies the business definitions,
the order is constructed and the user receives their item.

27.
Models
➜The models in MVC are the bottom most layer and handle
the core logic of the system.
➜In most cases this could be seen as the layer that interacts with
the data source.
➜In systems using MVC, the controller will pass information to
the model in order to store and retrieve data.
➜Following on from the example above controller definition, this
is where the order details are stored.
Additional data such as stock levels, physical location of product
of the book amongst many things are all stored here.
If that was the last book in stock ordered, the next request for this
item may check if it’s available and disallow the order as the item
is no longer available.

28.
Benefits of MVC
➜Different skill levels can work on different system levels. For example designers can work on the
interface (View) with very little development knowledge and developers can work on the business
logic (Controller) with very little concern for the design level. Then they simply integrate together on
completion.
➜As a result of the above separation projects can be managed easier and quicker. The designer can
start the interfaces before the developer and vice versa. This development process can be parallel as
opposed to being sequential therefore reducing development time.
➜Easy to have multiple view types using the same business logic.
➜Clear route through the system. You clearly know where there different levels of the system are.
With a clear route of the system, logic can be shared and improved. This has added security benefits
as you clearly know the permitted route from the data to the user and can have clear security checks
along the route.
➜Each layer is responsible for itself. (Relates to point 1) This means that you can have clean file
structure which can be maintained and managed much easier and quicker than a tightly couple
system where you may have lots of duplicate logic.
➜Having a clear structure means development will be more transparent which should result in
reduced development time, maintenance problems and release cycles if applied properly.