10. 2K 2( 03
1. Gamete
2. Gene
3. Allele
P P homozygous for the dominant allele
a a homozygous for the recessive allele
B b heterozygous
recessive allele , dominant allele
18. กnI
1. Law of segregation
P TT x tt
T T t t
gamete
P Tt x Tt
gamete T t T t
19. 2. Law of independent assortment
e 45 ) ก กก '( ก 3 e 45
( ก : " 3 & H
P Tt x Tt
gamete T t T t
F1 TT Tt Tt tt
20. Test ` cross
#J ก 6 4 5 genotype I & '(& ( #J
) 3 4 1 K "#6 ก5 Homozygous recessive
H
g ก - RR 4 Rr
g ก x rr g ก x rr
g ก g ก : g II
. . g ก = RR 1: 1
g ก = Rr
21. Back cross
#J ก 6 1 ก K 0ก6 F1 ก 5"#6 ก5
4 )
ก ก ก ก (
( Monohybrid cross )
22. ก& I& 1ก234 1 5ก 2 1ก234( Dihybrid cross )
- #J ก ก ก 1 & ก
I & '(& 2 ก 3 ก
-: ก & ( genotype ,phenotype K " 3 2 (&
H 1. Punnet Squares
: 3 R = gene 2(52 ก g ก
r = gene 2(52 ก g II
Y = gene 2(52 ก g 4
y = gene 2(52 ก g I(
23. P I1, 6 O ก *.6% ; - x I1, 6 O > > 4*.6>.
RRYY rryy
gamete Ry ry
F1 RrYy
F1xF1 RrYy x RrYy
Gamete R Y - RY R Y - RY
y - Ry y - Ry
r Y - rY r Y - rY
y - ry y - ry
24. RY Ry rY ry
RY RRYY RRYy RrYY RrYy
Ry RRYy RRyy RrYy Rryy
rY RrYY RrYy rrYY rrYy
ry RrYy Rryy rrYy rryy
27. 2. Branching system
P I1, 6 O ก 6% ; - x I1, 6 O > > 4 - 6>.
RRYY rryy
gamete RY ry
F1 RrYy
F1 x F1 RrYy RrYy
RrRr YyYy
gamete ¼ RR : 2/4 Rr : ¼ rr ¼ YY : 2/4 Yy : ¼ yy
35. 3. ก ก )55 Co ` dominant
: ก H gene H 2(52 ก " I e! ก )
ก ) ) 2( " 3 $ก ! # ก9
ก ก ( ก ' 0 4 ABO
allele ก (I3 IA , IB ) i
#ก & gr A genotype IA IA, IA i
gr B ,, I B IB , IB i
gr AB ,, I A IB gr ii genotype ii
36. 4. ก ก )55 Over dominant
ก& ก allele : P heterozygous ) ก
Phenotype 4 ก( allele : P homozygous I
`) ' P TT 0 3 M tt 0 1 M
F Tt 0 6 M