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Discussion on IoT technologies – CAT M1 and NB-IoT (CAT M2)
1. MT09.06.16Radisys Corporation - CONFIDENTIAL
Discussion on IoT technologies – CAT M1 and
NB-IoT (CAT M2).
Challenges, benefits and current operator strategies on both
Hans Kramer
(VP Services & Support)
MWC 2017
4. 4Radisys Corporation - CONFIDENTIAL
CAT M1 (eMTC) NB IoT (CAT M2)
3GPP Release R13 R13
Downlink Peak Rate 1Mbps 250kbps
Uplink Peak Rate 250kbps (multi-tone) 20kbps (single – tone)
Number of Antennas 1 1
Duplex Mode Full or Half Duplex Half Duplex
Device Receive BW 1.08MHz 180 khz
Receiver Chains 1 (SISO) 1 (SISO)
Device Transmit Power 20 / 23 dBm 20 / 23 dBm
VoLTE Support Yes Not supported
Mobility Support Full Mobility No connected mobility (only idle mode reselection)
Advantage Coverage, Peak data rate;
availability
Greater flexibility in spectrum that can be utilized
and mode of operation (inband, guard band,
standalone), cheaper
5. 5Radisys Corporation - CONFIDENTIAL
What’s in Common
• Licensed spectrum (LTE)
• Low Power
• GPS
• Small size
• Security
• Low cost
• Multi frequency band support
• Deployments expected to start in H1 2017
• Ongoing trial and limited roll outs
• Targets
• Smart Cities
• Asset Management
• Industrial Enterprise
• Wearables
Source: u-blox, Sequans
6. 6Radisys Corporation - CONFIDENTIAL
Few Technology Considerations (Challenges)
• Low cost, low power consumption and long range are key advantages
• But low complexity, which is needed to bring down module / device costs, has
been achieved via trade-offs:
1. Due to limited downlink capacity, NB IoT is planned to only acknowledge 50% of
messages serviced by the wireless technology
• design (found in 3GPP Specification TR45.820) NB-IoT
• If more messages are acknowledged then the capacity will be hit harder
• Can this work for all use cases (say critical medical sensors) if 100% acknowledgement is bypassed
2. Delay and latency caused by the buffering of messages and data in what is
called transmit packet aggregation
• The 3GPP capacity specifications rely on bundling periodic reports into a single larger transmission,
which cellular technology needs in order to handle communication transactions efficiently
7. 7Radisys Corporation - CONFIDENTIAL
Cat-M1 Overview: Salient Technology Aspects
• 3GPP releases 10, 11 and 12 have addressed specific requirements for MTC (Machine Type Communications). Cat-1 is a
low performance LTE device but not particularly optimized for MTC. Cat-0 is the first device targeted towards MTC. Cat-0
devices are designed for low cost and low power consumption.
• 3GPP release 13 has introduced eMTC (enhanced MTC) or LTE-M or Category M or Cat-M1 which includes additional cost
reduction measures, especially lower bandwidths in the uplink and downlink, lower data rates and reduced transmit power.
• The design goals for Cat-M1 devices are low cost, enhanced coverage and extended device battery life.
• The key changes that are incorporated for Cat-M1 are as follows.
• Cat-M1 UEs transmit or receive only over a narrow band of 6 RBs. This is to lower device cost. A cell can however
support other category UEs over wider BW.
• The first few symbols for control information transmission are not applicable for Cat-M UEs. Since Cat-M1 UEs can
only read 6 RBs, whereas control region is spread across entire BW.
• MPDCCH instead of PDCCH is used for Cat-M1 devices. MPDCCH is similar to EPDCCH albeit with repetitions.
• Cross sub frame scheduling. MPDCCH and PDSCH/PUSCH are on different sub frames.
• Option for repeating transmissions to meet coverage requirements. IoT devices are expected to be located in deep
indoors with poor coverage. CEMode_B UEs are expected to have very poor coverage compared to CEMode_A, and
hence would require high number of TX repetitions.
• Enhanced DRX to enable configuring Cat-M1 device beyond the previous upper limit or 2.56 sec. This will extend
battery life of device to many years. In addition Rel-12 PSM (Power Saving Mode) will also extend the battery life of
devices.
8. 8Radisys Corporation - CONFIDENTIAL
CAT M1 Deployments
• Verizon
• According to Chris Schmidt, executive director, device technology at Verizon Labs, the company hasn’t
revealed the specific markets where CAT-M is available, but it is working with potential customers and expects
to soon have a CAT-M customer deployment.
• The company is on track to have CAT-M available nationwide by end of first quarter 2017.
• Interestingly, Schmidt said one use case for CAT-M that is attracting some attention is voice (VoLTE).
• He said that security companies are looking at using CAT-M to deliver voice capability in certain security scenarios. For
example, with a home security system it may be easier to communicate with the homeowner via voice instead of data.
• However, Schmidt added that CAT-M isn’t being eyed as a technology for regular voice conversations. “It’s something
we want to trial,” he said, noting that the company will test it during the first half of next year.
• Other operators are beginning to trial the technology
• AT&T is piloting CAT-M in San Francisco
• KPN in the Netherlands just completed a trial of CAT-M using equipment from Qualcomm and Ericsson
• Ericsson demo at CES
• A fleet management application and shows a truck with sensors measuring conditions on the truck such as
door ajar, accident notification, and temperature onboard
Source: Verizon, Ericsson,
Qualcomm, AT&T, KPN
9. 9Radisys Corporation - CONFIDENTIAL
NB-IoT Overview: Salient Technology Aspects
• Narrow band support of 180 kHz
• To lower the hardware costs, NB devices will only operate on a very narrow 180 KHz spectrum.
• Single tone with 15 kHz and/or 3.75 kHz and Multi with 15 kHz subcarriers
• Power efficiency is extremely important for NB devices. To aid longer battery life, UL transmissions are in units of sub-
carriers instead of Resource Block.
• New Physical channels, NPSS, NSSS, NPBCH, NPDCCH, NPDSCH, NPUSCH, NPRACH
• Completely new set of Physical channels optimized for NB Radio transmissions.
• Cross sub-frame scheduling
• NB devices are latency insensitive and are limited in terms of bandwidth. Hence one NPDSCH/NPUSCH transmission
can span across multiple sub frames and NPDCCH and the corresponding NPDSCH/NPUSCH are transmitted in
different sub frames.
• Repetitions for coverage enhancement
• Unlike traditional LTE networks, cellular IoT has higher coverage requirements. Transmissions with repetitions (up to
2048) enhances network coverage to NB devices located in deep indoors.
• Mandatory Control Plane CIoT optimization
• Data is directly sent over NAS without AS security/Header Comp. Limited RRC procedures.
• Optional User Plane CIoT optimization
• RRC Suspend/Resume procedures to reduce signaling overhead for Idle-Connected state transitions.
10. 10Radisys Corporation - CONFIDENTIAL
Deutsche Telecom NB IoT Update
• As the first company to push NarrowBand-IoT across
Europe, we are proud to provide further evidence of
Deutsche Telekom's technology leadership,” says Claudia
Nemat, Board Member for Technology and Innovation at
Deutsche Telekom.
• Base station upgrade to support NarrowBand-IoT
using the 900MHz and 800MHz frequency.
• In Germany, Deutsche Telekom will commercially launch
NB-IoT in the second quarter of 2017, and already runs
several pilots with large customers in the areas of smart
metering, smart parking and asset tracking.
• In the Netherlands, the nationwide implementation of the
NB-IoT network is scheduled to be completed in 2017 with
several customers,
Source: DT
11. 11Radisys Corporation - CONFIDENTIAL
Vodafone NB-IoT Deployment in Spain
• Valencia and Madrid are the first cities in Spain with NB-IoT.
• As part of a nationwide roll-out, we will extend coverage to Barcelona, Bilbao,
Málaga and Seville by the end of March 2017, when there will be over 1,000
mobile sites supporting NB-IoT.
• Every NB-IoT mobile site can connect more than 100,000 devices.
• Our Spanish NB-IoT network was deployed within existing 800 MHz spectrum.
• That is the optimal use of Vodafone Spain’s 4G spectrum and will maximise the
signal strength and coverage.
Source: Vodafone
12. 12Radisys Corporation - CONFIDENTIAL
Radisys Cat-M and NB-IoT Product Positioning
• Radisys 5G v1.0
• Radisys eNB solution for Cat-M1/NB-IoT
• Competitive Value Proposition
• Narrowband Radio Access Technology for massive devices
(IoT)
• Fully compliant to 3GPP Rel-13/14 LTE Architecture
• 1.4MHz Carrier BW for Cat-M1
• 180KHz Carrier BW for NB-IoT
• Strong collaboration with eco system partners including
Silicon Manufacturers and Carriers
• Active discussion with leading NA Carrier to demonstrate
Cat-M interop by Q1 2017
• Active discussion with leading APAC Carrier to demonstrate
NB-IoT interop by Q2 2017
13. Thank You
13Radisys Corporation - CONFIDENTIAL
About 9 billion “things” — from connected cars and traffic
lights to asset trackers on ships, utility meters and
household appliances — now connect to the IoT. The total
is expected to rise to between 20 billion and 50 billion by
2020.
Hans Kramer
VP Services & Support