Dr. Mohamed Elhagarey Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt

1. Save Irrigation Water and Nutrients Using the
Innovative Machine of Soil and Water Management for
Rice Crop Cultivation (SWMR)
Dr. MOHAMED ELHAGAREY
DESERT RESEARCH CENTER, CAIRO, EGYPT

2. Rice is considered one of the most important
foods and export to many countries.

3. Rice is a global strategic crop
Irrigated rice receives an estimated about 40 % of the total world’s irrigation water,
Rice is the second crop of yield amount and the third crop of the cultivated area in the world,
Rice is the food for about half world people.

6. Traditional
methods cause a
water and
nutrient losses

7. Objectives:
The main objectives of the Innovation of Soil and Water Management machine for Rice
Cultivation (SWMR) are:
1) Development of SWMR design to be more flexible in various soil textures.
2) Resulting of the modified SWMR type to produce the mass product.
3) Maximizing the WUE and FUE of rice crop.
4) Minimizing of rice water footprints.
5) Applicability and spreading of a modern rice cultivation method to save water.
6) Reduction of water and nutrient losses by exceeding irrigation of paddy.
7) Change of rice cultivation map according to new innovative method.
8) Provide a new reclamation land using surplus water.

10. The new technique of rice
cultivation depends on
transplanting rice in the bottom
of long furrows (trench) have a
cross section (V shape), by this
technique the rice didn't expose
to water stress and the volume of
water will become less to about
50% of total basin size.

12. The new technique of rice cultivation depends on transplanting
rice in the bottom of a long trench have a cross section V shape

13. SWMR Machine is Manufactured
of a cylinder rule (printer on soil
surface) having many of circular
teeth around the basic cylinder
rule to roll after subsoil chisel of
depth 25 cm under the soil
surface, behind the tractor on soil
and printed the designed V shape
of cross section of furrows.
The innovative machine of soil and water management for rice (SWMR).

15. Rice is transplanted un two
methods (Traditional &
SWMR), the nutrients are
applied in recommendation
doses under traditional
method and applied in three
amounts under SWMR
method (50%, 75% and 100%
of recommended
requirements.

16. The rice paddy under the traditional methods and SWMR method

17. Figure 7. The amounts of applied irrigation water (m3
/ha)
13104
6897
12510
6724
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
WT WM
2016 2017
Figure 10. Rice crop yield (kg/ha).
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
WMF1 WMF2 WMF3 WTF3
yield 2016 yield 2017
SWMR saves about 50% of water irrigation .
SWMR + 100% F is highest.
SWMR + 75% F is the best economic.

18. Figure 11. Irrigation water productivity (kg/m3
).
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
WMF1 WMF2 WMF3 WTF3
IWP 2016 IWP 2017
Figure 12. Nutrients productivity (kg yield/ kg urea 140
N)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
WMF1 WMF2 WMF3 WTF3
NP 2016 NP 2017
SWMR + 50% F is highest but it’s also the lowest economic.SWMR + 100% F is highest.

19. Figure 13. Pumping energy applied efficiency (EAE),
(kg/ (kW.h).
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
WMF1 WMF2 WMF3 WTF3
EAE 2016 EAE 2017
Figure 14. Irrigation cost of production unit (LE/Kg).
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
WMF1 WMF2 WMF3 WTF3
ICPU 2016 ICPU 2017
SWMR + 100% F is highest, but SWMR + 75% F is the best economic.

21. “ICID WatSave Awards
2016”under ‘WatSave
Young Professional
Award,

24. Future SMWR development
The type A is saved about 47 % of
irrigation water, the type B replaces
more soil instead of water according
to the reduce the V shape, angle, and
also type C have a lower angel and the
largest replaced soil and expected
save more water and nutrients.

25. Isometric design shows
the type A, B and C vs.
The traditional method of
rice planting.

31. Million tons Fertilizer cost (US $ billion)Fertilizer
requirements of
Million hectares
(Urea 140 N)
Area of cultivated
rice area
(Million hectares)
Region
SWMR saving about
25 %
Traditional
7.610.441.548South East Asia
States
2128.78114.85132.84Global Area
SWMR will save about 10 (US $ billion) of global paddy nutrients costs

32. Modifica
tion
GHGEnergyFertilizersWaterEnvironme
nt friend
costAutoExternal
energy
SDGTargetStatusPatents
availableDecreaseNo saveSave 25%Save 50%yeseconomicNoNo1, 2, 8, 9,
13.
Saving water &
fertilizers
done
SWMR
availableNoNoNoNoyeseconomicyesNo
8, 9
Raising the irrigation
efficiency
done
Self-compensating
nozzle for surface
irrigation
availableDecreaseSave 80%
of
operating
energy
Save 25%Save 50%yeseconomicyesNo
1,2, 8, 9, 13
Saving water &
fertilizer & work
based on MC
Under field
testsNatural sensor
drippers
availableDecreaseSave 80%
of
operating
energy
Save 25%Save 50%yeseconomicyesNo
8, 9, 13
Save water & Self-
compensating flow
Under fields
testsUltra low flow
drippers
availableDecreaseSave 80%
of
operating
energy
Save 25%Save 50%yeseconomicyesNo
8, 9, 13
Reduce the EC of
water according to
MC of soil
Under fields
testsDesalination
drippers

33. Modificati
on
GHGEnergyFertilizersWaterEnvironme
nt friend
costAutoExternal
energy
SDGTargetStatusPatents
availableDecreaseyesyesyesyeseconomicyesNo
8, 9, 13
On / off according
to MC of soil
Under lab
testsHeart back flow valve
availableNoyesyesyesyeseconomicyesNo
8, 9, 13
Activate
alternative furrow
irrigation
Under lab
testsAlternative nozzle for
surface irrigation
availableDecreaseyesNoNoyeseconomicyesNo
8, 9, 13
Increase drip
irrigation
efficiency
Under
manufacture
of prototype
self-cleaning screen
filter
availableDecreaseyesyesyesyeseconomicyesNo
8, 9, 13
On / off according
to day and night
Under designDay and night flow
valve
availableDecreaseyesyesyesyeseconomicyesNo
8, 9, 13
Increase sprinkler
efficiency during
overlap
Under lab
tests
Hydraulic rotor
availableDecreaseyesyesyesyeseconomicyesNo
8, 9, 13
On /off according
to time cycle
manufacture
of prototypeAutomated surge valve

34. Thank you for Attention
Dr. MOHAMED ELHAGAREY
Researcher (PhD), DRC, Cairo, Egypt
00201063031920
elhagarey@gmail.com