a description of tractor drawn farm implements commonly used in India

1. Dr. Subhomay Sinha,
W.B.A.S. (Admn.)

2. ֎ Tractor drawn implements possess higher working capacity and are operated at higher speeds.
֎ These implements need more technical knowledge for operations and maintenance.
֎ Tractor drawn implements may be either TRAILED TYPE or SEMI-MOUNTED TYPE or MOUNTED
TYPE, based on their attachment / hitching with tractor.
Trailed type implement:
It is one that is pulled and guided from single hitch point but its weight is not
supported by the tractor.
Semi-mounted type implement
This type of implement is one which is attached to the tractor only to the lower
link of the hydraulic system. It is controlled directly by tractor steering unit but
its weight is partly supported by the tractor.
Mounted type implement
A mounted implement is one which is attached to the three point linkage of
hydraulic system, which can be controlled directly by the tractor steering unit.
The implement is carried fully by the tractor. It can be raised, lowered and hold
in any position.

3. by the tractor as it moves

8. In India, it has been found that strengthening farm power availability has a major
role in augmenting food production. Crop yield increases IN A DIRECT RATE with
rate of farm power employed in field.

9. In the absence of farm mechanization, ever increasing cost of human labour
and cost of maintenance of the draught animal will significantly increase the
cost of food production.

10. Above figure shows that in the last thirty years use of tractor in
agriculture increases significantly. While use of draught animal
reduces to a great extent.

14. Tractor drawn Tillage implements.
• Land Scrappers

15. Tractor Drawn / Tractor Mounted Farm Implements

16. Tractor drawn Bucket Scraper
Bucket Scrapper is a Tractor MOUNTED implement used
for SCRAPPING OF UNEVEN LAND AND LEVELING IT.
This implement helps reduce soil erosion by leveling the
land uniformly and also ensures uniform irrigation for the
entire area.

17. Primarily used for LEVELING, GRADING, BACKFILLING, or SPREADING
materials like gravel or soil,
Tractor drawn box scrapper

18. Tractor drawn blade type land leveler
This Leveller is used for levelling the farm land. this also helps to conserve
water. Tractor trailed leveler blade attached at rear end, and operated
through 3 point linkage. Sometimes hydraulics system is available with this
leveller.

19. Blade type land leveler attached with tractor
This implement can be attached to the tractor’s rear
through a three-point hitch and can be operated by
driving the tractor forward or backward.

20. Laser land Leveler
Laser land leveler is used for
leveling the field within
certain degree of desired
slope using a guided laser
beam throughout the field.
It moves by tractor.

21. Cultivator is a secondary tillage equipment mounted on a tractor to till the
agriculture land. The cultivator is available in different sizes for different HP
range of tractor. It STIRS and PULVERIZES THE SOIL before planting. Can
also used as inter cultivation tool.
Tractor drawn Cultivator (rigid type)

22. Tractor drawn Chisel Cultivator (rigid type)
These are capable of penetrating through any
soil types and hardness. Chisel type tines
features a sharp edge for piercing the soil crust.

23. Tractor mounted Spring tine CultivatorTractor mounted Spring tine Cultivator
Spring tyne cultivator is suitable for use in stone and root obstructed
soil. Spring tyne cultivators may be used for loosening and aerating soil
to a depth of nine inches. Springs helps to absorb shocks.

24. Tractor mounted Spring tine (C tine) CultivatorTractor mounted Spring tine (C tine) Cultivator
Ideal for secondary tillage operation in stony field.

25. Duck Foot Cultivator is a tractor mounted basic implement to till the
agriculture land. It is used for shallow ploughing, weed destruction and
moisture retention.
Tractor drawn Duck Foot Cultivator

26. Tractor drawn Double Coil Tyne Cultivator
A type of spring tine cultivator. It is used for performing
heavy duties, mostly in clay soil.

27. Tractor Drawn S-Tyne Field Cultivator
S – tyne cultivator ideal for soil work in pastures, orchards,
vineyards and general fieldwork. It is also a type of spring tine
cultivator

28. Tractor Drawn Cultivator with roller attachment.
This is a ideal tool for soil mixing in crop land, having the left over part of
previous crop. It is a Perfect machine for the stubble cultivation

30. Tractor drawn Spike tooth HarrowTractor drawn Spike tooth Harrow
Spike tooth harrow is ideal tool for breaking up crusty soils, scattering
animal droppings, covering seeds after broadcasting, aerating soil and
other light duty finishing work.

31. Tractor drawn Spring tooth HarrowTractor drawn Spring tooth Harrow
It is used to smooth the ground as well as loosen it after it has
been ploughed. Now it has been outdated.

32. Tractor drawn Disc HarrowTractor drawn Disc Harrow
a) TANDEM DISC HARROW - It is a disc harrow comprising of four
gangs/ sections in which each gang can be angled in opposite
direction
It may be of two types
TANDEM DISC HARROW

33. b) OFF-SET DISC HARROW-: It is a disc harrow with two gangs /
sections are fitted one behind the other. the soil is thrown in both
directions because discs of both gangs face in opposite directions.
OFFSET DISC HARROW

34. Tractor drawn Offset Disc HarrowTractor drawn Offset Disc Harrow
Offset Disc Harrow is a tractor mounted implement attached on tow hook.
It is a secondary tillage implement. It helps to BREAK THE BIG CLOTS OF
SOIL which emerge from the ploughing operations.

35. Offset Disc Harrow (trailed type)Offset Disc Harrow (trailed type)
It is used in the most efficient way in big area fields for
SMASHING OF CLODS, burying of the organic
contents, breaking off the deep roots, trivial ploughing and
making the soil ready for cultivation.

36. Tractor drawn Disc Harrow, hydraulic type, heavy dutyTractor drawn Disc Harrow, hydraulic type, heavy duty
It is used for large scale land shaping purpose.
Also it can be used for chopping of weeds and stems, breaking of plant
stubbles (such as sunflower, paddy, maize, cotton, wheat etc.) and mixing
with soil after harvesting to obtain a kind of organic fertilizer

37. Tractor drawn Tandem Disc Harrow
It is used for the superficial
ploughing, for the shattering of
clods, preparation of soil for
sowing, burial of organic substances
crop remainings.

38. Different types of disc harrow, drawn by tractor.
Disc Harrow is used for shallow tilling, covering the seeds, and killing weeds. It is
usually drawn behind the tractor using a drawbar or 3-point hitch. The harrow is either
equipped with free-spinning discs attached to a heavy X-shaped steel frame or with a
simple rectangular steel frame.

39. Tractor drawn Blade Harrow
It is used for seedbed
preparation, mostly in clay soil.

40. The power harrow is a versatile and efficient secondary tillage implement
used for seedbed preparation. It mixes & levels the soil giving softer look
and makes it best suitable for the sowing. The soil will be cultivated to a
consistent working depth.
Tractor drawn power harrow

41. Power harrow drawn by
tractor

42. Tractor drawn Disc PloughTractor drawn Disc Plough
Disc Plough is a 3 point linkage primary land preparation implement. It is used for
digging soil, generally more useful for soft soil condition.
A disc plough can be forced to penetrate into the soil which is too hard
and dry,thus results in soil breaking, turning & mixing. It is more useful
for deep ploughing and turning of soil. A disc plough works well even after
a considerable part of the disc is worn off in abrasive soil.
A disc plough can be
forced into ground
due to its weight.
The basic function is : –
Soil is lifted, pulverized,
partially inverted and
displaced to one side.

43. Soil operation by
tractor drawn disc
plough

45. MB Plough is a tractor mounted machine used for initial soil preparation for
sowing seed or planting. It is generally used for deep tillage of land, to help to
turn over the upper layer of the soil, bringing fresh nutrients to the surface,
while burying weeds and remains of previous crop. It also aerates the soil,
allows it to hold moisture better and is tough to withstand heavy loads.
Tractor Mounted Mould Board Plough

46. Tractor drawn Reversible Mould Board PloughTractor drawn Reversible Mould Board Plough
Reversible Mould Board Plough is primarily used to plough virgin fields,
fields that are left unploughed for long periods, fields that are too hard,
full of deep rooted unwanted plants, shrubs, weeds etc.
It is a mould board plough which turns furrow slice to the right or left side
of direction of travel as required. Such ploughs have two sets of opposed
bottoms.

47. Reversible Mould Board Plough with tractor

48. The share plough is used to makes the horizontal cut of soil piece
to separate the furrow slice from the soil below. It has similarity
with Mould board plough.
Tractor drawn share plough

49. Tractor mounted Full Cage Wheel
It is used for wet cultivation like puddling for
rice field preparation, especially where deep
water puddling is done

50. Tractor drawn Ridger
It is attached with three point attachment of a tractor.
It is used for making ridges and furrow for planting

51. Tractor drawn Canal Opener / Ridge Plough
Primary Purpose to make water
channels, open furrows and make
ridges between rows.

52. Tractor drawn Wetland puddler
Wetland puddler is a tractor drawn machine that helps to destroy the
aggregations present in the soil and converts wet soil into
homogenous mass of particles.

53. Tractor drawn Puddler cum Leveler
It is used for puddling and subsequent leveling of paddy field.

54. Tractor drawn post hole diggerTractor drawn post hole digger
Tractor Mounted Post Hole Digger is an ideal machine used for making holes of
definite size fencing purpose and tree plantations purposes.

55. Tractor drawn Bund MakerTractor drawn Bund Maker
It is an implement, which cuts and turns the soil in two opposite directions
simultaneously for forming ridges. It is also used for earthing up operation.
It is available in two type (single row and double row) for various HP
range of tractor.

56. Advantages
 Lifts the soil gently,
fractures it and sets it
back.
 Breaks up compaction
without destroying the
soil structure.
 Loosens the soil.
Improves water
penetration &
drainage.
 Prevents mixing of top
soil with sub soil.
 Promotes better root
environment and
helps to increase
water storage
capacity.
 Help in breaking of
hardpan.
Tractor drawn Para Plough
Para plough is a primary tillage implement for shallow
tillage used in soil preparation. Its maximum working
depth is 40cm.

57. Tractor drawn Roller Compactor
It is used for soil compaction.

58. Tractor drawn Profile Frame Ridger
Primary purpose of this implements is to open furrows between rows and ridging
for row planting for crops such as; maize, sunflower, cotton, etc.

59. Tractor operated rotary spader
It is used for deep inter cultivation
between rows under hard soils, also
used for rice fallow, inter row spaces
in cotton, vine yard & coconut garden

60. Subsoiler is a primary tractor mounted implement which
offers maximum depth to loosen and break up soil. Sub
soiler provides deep tillage which helps loosen soil at
deeper levels than any other equipment.
Tractor drawn Sub soilerTractor drawn Sub soiler
Can enter up to 70 cm depth.

61. Sub soiler fitted with a tractorSub soiler fitted with a tractor
Sub-Soiler enables you to break hardpan of soil, loosen, mix and turn
the soil efficiently. It can be used in all types of fields wherever it is
required

62.  Works deep beneath the surface.
 Ideal when topsoil is fertile but
subsoil is not productive.
 Shatters the soil well below the
surface.
 Does not invert of turn the soil,
causing limited soil distribution.
 Loosen and aerate soil, leaving crop
residue at top of soil.
 Reduces the effect of Compaction.
Help to break-up hardpan.
Tractor drawn Chisel Plough

63. Chisel plough fitted with a tractorChisel plough fitted with a tractor

64. Tractor drawn Rotary Tiller / Rotavator
 Used for shallow tillage operations.
 Curved blades slice through the soil and chop
surface residue.
 Mix all material in the disturbed layer.
 Pulverize the soil and buries weeds and crop
residue.

65. Different types of Tractor drawn Rotary Tiller / Rotavator

66. Rotavator fitted with a tractorRotavator fitted with a tractor

67. Tractor drawn Zero Tillage Seed cum Fertilizer Drill
Seed cum fertilizer drill is used for simultaneous activities of seeding and
fertilization process in a single operation. It can be retrofitted to a tractor of 35 HP
and above. It drills seeds and fertilizer together but delivers them separately in a
single drive. There are separate containers for seed and fertilizers.

68. In this machine, Seeding and Fertilization can be done simultaneously in a single
operation. There are separate seed and fertilizer box. The depth of seeding can be
controlled.
Tractor drawn Multi crop Seed cum Fertilizer Drill
It is used for planting different seeds such as Maize, Peas, Wheat, Sunflower, Soybean,
Sorghum, Grams, Jutes and Cotton seeds etc. in unprepared pre-harvested fields and it also
maintains plant to plant spacing in a row.

69. Tractor drawn inclined plate planter
This is an outdated implement now a days.

70. Tractor drawn pulse seeder
The main function is to sow pulse seeds by optimizing seed quantity. There
is no fertilizer box, as fertilizer requirement is low for pulse.

71. Tractor Drawn Ridger Seeder
It is used for ridge forming
and sowing simultaneously
at one go.
Large type
Small type

72. Tractor mounted intercrop planter cum bed shaper
This implement is adapted for intercrop planting on raised and broad beds.

73. Tractor drawn twin auger digger sugarcane planter
This implement is ideal for ring pit method of sugarcane planting. The power
is obtained from the PTO of a tractor.

74. Tractor drawn rotary
weeder
Used for eradicating weeds
in between crop rows.

75. Tractor drawn Maize Planter
Used for making ridges and sowing maize seeds

76. Tractor drawn Maize Planter
 It maintains seed to seed distance
 Has separate fertilizer box, so that it can be accurately measured and applied to the field

77. Tractor driven Cotton Planter
It is used for sowing cotton seed in line in ploughed field. There is no fertilizer box.

78. Multi Crop Raised Bed Planter is used for sowing bold grains like maize,
groundnut, peas, cotton, sunflower etc, on the two raised bed formed by
ridgers. Fertilizer can be used simultaneously according to requirement from
separate fertilizer box. Roller is provided for shaping the raised bed
properly and covering the seeds.
Tractor drawn Multi Crop Raised Bed Planter

79. Multi Crop Raised Bed Planter is ideal for sowing bold grains like maize, groundnut,
peas, cotton and sunflower on the two raised bed formed by ridgers.
Tractor drawn Multi Crop Raised Bed Planter

80. This is a tractor mounted machine
and can be drawn by any tractor of
35 hp. This can be lifted or lowered
by the hydraulic system of the
tractor.
Tractor Mounted sugarcane
Planter
Advantages of this implement :
 Planting of sugarcanes in two
rows.
 Opening of furrows at a spacing of
75 cm.
 Cutting of cane into 37 cm. long
setts
 Placement of setts in the furrows
 Dropping of fertilizer below the
setts

81. Tractor drawn Multi crop Vacuum PlanterTractor drawn Multi crop Vacuum Planter
In this machine we can sow two or more crops at a single go. So it favour
mixed cropping There are separate boxes for different seeds. Similarly
fertilizer boxes are also there.

82. Tractor drawn Multi crop Pneumatic PlanterTractor drawn Multi crop Pneumatic Planter
ADVANTAGES of PNEUMATIC PLANTER
 Saving of costly Seeds. No mechanical damage to seeds.
 Precision in sowing, resulting 10-15% increase in the yield.
 Uniform depth of sowing, results better crop stand, better root growth and better yield.
 Labor savings - Reduced expenses on planting.
 High work efficiency and improved output- more economical
Multi Crop pneumatic planter consists
of a centrifugal blower operated by
the PTO of a tractor which is used to
provide the necessary air pressure to
pick up and release the seeds in the
metering mechanism.

83. PneumaticPneumatic
planter fitted
with a tractor

84. Tractor drawn Roto Seeder
ROTO SEEEDER is multi purposed earth tilling cum seed sowing machine
used in the preparation of seedbed & sowing seed into stubble fields. It also
have fertilizer box for carrying measured amount of fertilizer for field
application. It also helps to preserve crop residue as much as possible,
aiming conservation of biomass, moisture and temperature.

85. Roto Seeder trailed by a tractor
Rotoseeder is the PTO driven
implement which is capable of doing
the tillage, seeding and fertilizer
application in a single pass.

86. The Happy Seeder is a tractor-mounted machine that cuts and lifts rice
straw, sows wheat into the soil, and deposits the straw over the sown area
as mulch. Happy Seeder is one of the unique technique which is used for
sowing wheat without burning of any rice straw residue.
Tractor drawn Happy Seeder
ADVANTAGES
 Crop residue, used as soil
mulch helps in moisture &
temperature conservation.
 Improved soil health.
 Environment friendly
technology to check air
pollution arise from straw
residue burning

87. Happy Seeder trailed by a tractor
Happy Seeder consists of a rotor for
managing paddy residues and a zero
till system for sowing of wheat with
minimum disturbance to the soil.

88. Turbo seeder is tractor mounted machine, which is used for wheat sowing in
combine harvested paddy field in a single pass, disc furrow openers are
attached for proper distribution of seed & fertilizer, seed covering devices are
also provided, which ensures better germination.
Tractor drawn Turbo Seeder

89. Tractor drawn Super Seeder
Super seeder is a modified version of Happy Seeder, with higher efficiency
Benefits of Super Seeder: –
 Possibility of sowing wheat crop just after
rice harvesting , especially for long duration
wheat and rice varieties.
 Possibility of sowing wheat in the residual
moisture i.e. saving of one irrigation.
 Timely sowing wheat even after long
duration basmati rice varieties.

90. Tractor drawn Semi automatic potato planter
It produces ridges and furrows and drops seed potato with adjustable spacing
and depth. It is ideal for various soil types.

91. Tractor drawn Automatic potato planter
Automatic Potato planter is an ideal planting machine for small and big farms and
suitable for minimum 45 HP tractors. It offers an advance planting mechanism which
ensures high planting speed with good accuracy and allows gentle handling of seed
potatoes.

92. Some other type of Tractor drawn Automatic potato planter

93. Tractor Operated Groundnut Digger
Used for digging out mature Groundnut from soil.

94. Tractor drawn compost spreader
It evenly spreads the compost manure by taking power from PTO of a tractor.

95. Fertilizer Broadcaster is a modern technology
implement designed to spread fertilizers with
greater ease and efficiency.
Tractor drawn Fertilizer Broadcaster

96. Tractor mounted Vertical Conveyar Reaper
Vertical conveyer reaper offers
speedy harvesting operation for
crops like wheat, rice, mustard
soybean etc in comparison to
manual operations and helps
reduce drudgery.

97. Tractor drawn Rotary Slasher
Rotary Slasher is a sturdy
implement which is most
suitable for slashing pasture
topping and shrubs.

98. Rotary Slasher is a
sturdy implement
which is most
suitable for slashing
pasture topping and
shrubs.
Advantages :
 It can easily cut thick and tall weed plants and grass.
 Its sharp blades and sturdy structure improve its performance and makes
it long-lasting.
 It offers adjustable cutting height up to 25 mm.
 It is very useful for cutting rough & tough shrubs spread in large area.
Tractor drawn Rotary Slasher

99. The round baler picks the straw from
the ground and feeds it into the bale
chamber. The operator stops the
tractor, and the bale is wrapped with
baler twine or protecting sheeting.
After wrapping, the pressure on the
belts is released and the whole rear
part of the baler is opened via
hydraulic cylinders, and the straw bale
comes out.
Tractor drawn round baler

100. Tractor drawn round baler
(covered type)
This farming implement is designed to
collect and compress hays or straws into
bales. Bales can either be cylindrical or
rectangular in shape

101. Tractor drawn Straw Reaper
Straw Reaper is a threshing machine which can cut, thresh and clean the straw in a
single operation. It performs its operation after harvest of crop by using combine
harvester.

102. Operational sequence of Tractor drawn Straw Reaper

103. Tractor mounted mulcher
It is used for chopping of rice straw after its
harvest and spreading of cut straw over soil
surface as mulch

104. Tractor drawn Mulcher
Mulcher shreds the crop
residues/grass into small pieces
and spread on the field. Which
serves as bio mulch and
decomposes gradually, improving
overall organic structure of soil.

105. Shredder chops the residual crop and
mixes the same with soil, which becomes a
natural compost for the next crop.
Tractor drawn Shredder without blower

106. Tractor drawn Straw chopper with blower
It simply chops off the remaining straw
after operation of combine harvester
and apply in on ground as a mulch.

107. Mobile Shredder is a tractor operated
equipment for cutting and shredding crop
stalks to clear the field for the next crop.
Suitable for row crops such as cotton,
castor, maize, chilli and other similar crops.
Machine can be operated by any 40 and
above hp tractor with dual clutch,
attached to 3 point linkage and powered
by PTO.
Tractor drawn Mobile Shredder / Fodder harvester with blower

108. Tractor driven paddy thresher
It takes up power from PTO shaft
of tractor and used to thresh
paddy.
The husks and grain are entirely
separated and blown in opposite
direction because of its fanning and
delivering system.

109. In axial flow concept, the crop is fed from one end, it moves axially
and the straw is thrown out from the other end after complete
threshing of the crop.
Tractor driven axial flow paddy thresher

110. Tractor driven Multi crop thresher
This machine is suitable for the threshing of Wheat, Mustard, sorghum, barley,
grams (chick-peas), lentil, soybean, khesari, millets, oats, peas and other
pulses.
We can thresh any type of crops in multi-crop threshers by changing concave grill
installed in main drum.

111. Different types of Tractor driven Multi crop thresher

112. Tractor driven Maize Sheller
Maize thresher is used to
separate grain from cobs.
Before shelling, the foliage
is removed manually.

113. Tractor driven Maize Sheller cum Dehusker
Maize sheller cum dehusker can perform
both dehusking and shelling of maize. No
need to remove husk cover from maize
cobs before threshing.

114. Groundnut Decorticator
It is used for removal of outer shell of ground nut

115. Tractor drawn Chaff Cutter
It shreds straws into small parts.

116. Tractor drawn spray machine (1000 L capacity)
It is a power sprayer, used to spray a large volume of water at one go.

117. It is a power sprayer, used to spray a large volume of water at one go.

118. Tractor mounted boom sprayer

119. This Machine is driven by the P.T.O. of 35
H.P. tractor or above. Potato harvesters
are machines that are used for harvesting
potatoes. They work by lifting the potatoes
from the bed using a share. Soil and crop
are transferred onto a series of webs where
the loose soil is sieved out.
Tractor drawn potato digger / harvester

120. Hydraulic double jack trailer Hydraulic single jack trailer
Non tipping type trailer
Tractor drawn trolley / trailer
These are used for carrying of agricultural
inputs and harvests products