8051 skb's- part - ii

Suresh Kumar K B
Lecturer in Electronics
Govt Polytechnic Kottayam
Kerala, India

44
PROGRAMMING METHODSPROGRAMMING METHODS
Assembly Language
High Level Language
Machine Language

55
INSTRUCTION FORMATINSTRUCTION FORMAT
OP CODE OPERANDINSTRUCTION
Assembly Language
ADDITION of value at 5 and value at 7
MULTIPLICATION of value in A and value in B
ADD 5,7
MUL AB

66
ADDRESSING MODESADDRESSING MODES
Direct Addressing Mode
Immediate Addressing Mode
Register Addressing Mode
Indirect Addressing Mode
Data accessing methods

77
Direct Addressing Mode
In direct addressing the operand is
specified by an 8-bit address as field in the
instruction.
Only internal Data RAM and SFRs can be
directly addressed.

88
Immediate Addressing Mode
The value of a constant will be specified in
the instruction itself.

99
Register Addressing Mode
The content of registers can be accessed by
certain instructions with register name.
Instructions that access the registers this
way are code efficient, since this mode
eliminates an address byte.
One of four banks is selected at execution
time by the two bank select bits in PSW.

1010
Indirect Addressing Mode
In indirect addressing the instruction
specifies a register which contains the
address of the operand.
Both internal and external RAM can be
indirectly addressed.

1212
5 Groups5 Groups
Arithmetic Operation GroupArithmetic Operation Group
Logical Operation GroupLogical Operation Group
Data Transfer GroupData Transfer Group
Boolean Variable Manipulation GroupBoolean Variable Manipulation Group
Program Branching GroupProgram Branching Group
INSTRUCTION SETINSTRUCTION SET

1313
5 Groups5 Groups

1414
Arithmetic Operation GroupArithmetic Operation Group
ADD A,DirectADD A,Direct ADD A,30ADD A,30
ADD A,RnADD A,Rn ADD A,R1ADD A,R1
ADD A,@RiADD A,@Ri ADD A,@R3ADD A,@R3
ADD A,#DataADD A,#Data ADD A,#50ADD A,#50
Addition

1515
ADDC A,DirectADDC A,Direct ADDC A,30ADDC A,30
ADDC A,RnADDC A,Rn ADDC A,R1ADDC A,R1
ADDC A,@RiADDC A,@Ri ADDC A,@R3ADDC A,@R3
ADDC A,#DataADDC A,#Data ADDC A,#50ADDC A,#50
Addition with previous carry bit

1616
SUBB A,DirectSUBB A,Direct SUBB A,30SUBB A,30
SUBB A,RnSUBB A,Rn SUBB A,R1SUBB A,R1
SUBB A,@RiSUBB A,@Ri SUBB A,@R3SUBB A,@R3
SUBB A,#DataSUBB A,#Data SUBB A,#50SUBB A,#50
Subtraction – Subtract with borrow

1717
INC AINC A INC AINC A
INC DirectINC Direct INC 25INC 25
INC RnINC Rn INC R1INC R1
INC @RiINC @Ri INC @R3INC @R3
INC DPTRINC DPTR INC DPTRINC DPTR
Increment

1818
DEC ADEC A DEC ADEC A
DEC DirectDEC Direct DEC 25DEC 25
DEC RnDEC Rn DEC R1DEC R1
DEC @RiDEC @Ri DEC @R3DEC @R3
Decrement

1919
MULMUL ABAB A <= (A/B), B<= (A%B)A <= (A/B), B<= (A%B)
DIVDIV ABAB A <= (A/B), B<= (A%B)A <= (A/B), B<= (A%B)
DADA AA Decimal Adjust AccumulatorDecimal Adjust Accumulator
Multiplication and Division, Decimal Adjust

2020
5 Groups5 Groups

2121
Logical Operation GroupLogical Operation Group
ANL A,DirectANL A,Direct ANL A,30ANL A,30
ANL A,RnANL A,Rn ANL A,R2ANL A,R2
ANL A,@RiANL A,@Ri ANL A,@R1ANL A,@R1
ANL A,#DataANL A,#Data ANL A,#52ANL A,#52
ANL Direct,AANL Direct,A ANL 20,AANL 20,A
ANL Direct,#DataANL Direct,#Data ANL 23,#12ANL 23,#12
Logical AND operation

2222
ORL A,DirectORL A,Direct ORL A,30ORL A,30
ORL A,RnORL A,Rn ORL A,R2ORL A,R2
ORL A,@RiORL A,@Ri ORL A,@R1ORL A,@R1
ORL A,#DataORL A,#Data ORL A,#32ORL A,#32
ORL Direct,AORL Direct,A ORL 56,AORL 56,A
ORL Direct,#DataORL Direct,#Data ORL 85,#45ORL 85,#45
Logical OR operation

2323
XRL A,DirectXRL A,Direct XRL A,30XRL A,30
XRL A,RnXRL A,Rn XRL A,R2XRL A,R2
XRL A,@RiXRL A,@Ri XRL A,@R1XRL A,@R1
XRL A,#DataXRL A,#Data XRL A,#32XRL A,#32
XRL Direct,AXRL Direct,A XRL 56,AXRL 56,A
XRL Direct,#DataXRL Direct,#Data XRL 50,#23XRL 50,#23
Logical EX-OR operation

2424
CLRCLR AA Clear AccumulatorClear Accumulator
CPLCPL AA Complement AccumulatorComplement Accumulator
RLRL AA Rotate Accumulator LeftRotate Accumulator Left
RLCRLC AA Rotate Accumulator Left Through CarryRotate Accumulator Left Through Carry
RRRR AA Rotate Accumulator RightRotate Accumulator Right
RRCRRC AA Rotate Accumulator Right Through CarryRotate Accumulator Right Through Carry
SWAP ASWAP A Swap Lower & Upper nibble of AccumulatorSwap Lower & Upper nibble of Accumulator
Clear, Rotation and Swap

2525
5 Groups5 Groups

2626
Data Transfer GroupData Transfer Group
MOV A,DirectMOV A,Direct MOV A,43MOV A,43
MOV A,RnMOV A,Rn MOV A,R3MOV A,R3
MOV A,@RiMOV A,@Ri MOV A,@R4MOV A,@R4
MOV A,#DataMOV A,#Data MOV A,#89MOV A,#89
MOV Rn,DirectMOV Rn,Direct MOV R2,23MOV R2,23
MOV Rn,@RiMOV Rn,@Ri MOV R5,@R3MOV R5,@R3
MOV Rn,#DataMOV Rn,#Data MOV A,#37MOV A,#37
MOVE data

2727
MOV Direct,DirecMOV Direct,Direc MOV 32,56MOV 32,56
MOV Direct,RnMOV Direct,Rn MOV 32,R6MOV 32,R6
MOV Direct,@RiMOV Direct,@Ri MOV 32,@R3MOV 32,@R3
MOV Direct,#DataMOV Direct,#Data MOV 32,#56MOV 32,#56
MOV Direct,AMOV Direct,A MOV 32,AMOV 32,A
MOV @Ri,AMOV @Ri,A MOV @R2,AMOV @R2,A
MOV @Ri,#DataMOV @Ri,#Data MOV @R3,#76MOV @R3,#76
MOVE data

2828
MOV @Ri,DirectMOV @Ri,Direct
MOV DPTR,#DATA16MOV DPTR,#DATA16
MOVC A,@A+DPTRMOVC A,@A+DPTR
MOVC A,@A+PCMOVC A,@A+PC
MOVX A,@RiMOVX A,@Ri
MOVX @Ri,AMOVX @Ri,A
MOVX @DPTR,AMOVX @DPTR,A
MOVE data

2929
PUSH DirectPUSH Direct
POPPOP DirectDirect
XCHXCH A,RnA,Rn
XCHXCH A,DirectA,Direct
XCHXCH A,@RiA,@Ri
XCHD A,@RiXCHD A,@Ri

3030
5 Groups5 Groups

3131
Boolean Variable Manipulation GroupBoolean Variable Manipulation Group
CLRCLR CC Clear Carry FlagClear Carry Flag
CLRCLR bitbit Clear the specified bitClear the specified bit
SETBSETB CC Set Carry Flag to 1Set Carry Flag to 1
SETB bitSETB bit Set the specified bit to 1Set the specified bit to 1
CPLCPL CC Complement Carry FlagComplement Carry Flag
CPLCPL bitbit Complement the specified bitComplement the specified bit
Operations on Bit

3232
ANLANL C,bitC,bit AND Carry flag with the specified bitAND Carry flag with the specified bit
ANLANL C,/bitC,/bit AND Carry with complement of specified bitAND Carry with complement of specified bit
ORLORL C,bitC,bit AND Carry flag with the specified bitAND Carry flag with the specified bit
ORLORL C,/bitC,/bit OR Carry with complement of specified bitOR Carry with complement of specified bit
MOVMOV C,bitC,bit Copy Carry flag to the specified bitCopy Carry flag to the specified bit
MOVMOV bit,Cbit,C Copy the specified bit to Carry flagCopy the specified bit to Carry flag
Operations on Bit

3333
JCJC relrel Jump to the relative location if Carry flag is 1Jump to the relative location if Carry flag is 1
JNCJNC relrel Jump to the relative location if Carry flag is 0Jump to the relative location if Carry flag is 0
JBJB bit,relbit,rel Jump to the relative location if specified bit is 1Jump to the relative location if specified bit is 1
JNBJNB bit,relbit,rel Jump to the relative location if specified bit is 0Jump to the relative location if specified bit is 0
JBCJBC bit,relbit,rel Jump to the relative location if specified bit is 1Jump to the relative location if specified bit is 1
and then Clear the bitand then Clear the bit
Conditional Jump Operations based on Bit

3434
5 Groups5 Groups

3535
Program Branching GroupProgram Branching Group
ACALLACALL addr11addr11
LCALLLCALL addr16addr16
RETRET
RETIRETI
AJMPAJMP addr11addr11
LJMPLJMP addr16addr16
SJMPSJMP relrel

3636
JMPJMP @A+DPTR@A+DPTR
JZJZ relrel
JNZJNZ relrel
CJNECJNE A,Direct,relA,Direct,rel
CJNE A,#Data,relCJNE A,#Data,rel
CJNE Rn,#Data,relCJNE Rn,#Data,rel
CJNE @Ri,#Data,relCJNE @Ri,#Data,rel

3737
DJNZ Rn,relDJNZ Rn,rel
DJNZ Direct,relDJNZ Direct,rel
NOPNOP

4141
Simple ProgramsSimple Programs
1.To add two 8 bit numbers which are stored at 4200
& 4201 and store the sum at 4202
2.To subtract an 8 bit numbers which are stored at
4250 from another 8 bit number stored at 4251 and
store the difference at 4252.
3.To multiply two 8 bit numbers which are stored at
4301 & 4302 and store the results at 4310&4311.
4.To divide an 8 bit numbers which are stored at 4220
with another 8 bit number stored at 4221 and
store the result at 4225 & 4226.
5.To exchange lower & upper nibble of an 8 bit
number which is stored at 4201.

4242
Simple ProgramsSimple Programs
6.To clear 2 middle bits of a number which is stored at
4150.
7.To set all bits of 4201 if the number stored at 4200 is
even otherwise clear it.
8.To compare two numbers stored at 4200 & 4201
and store the highest no in 4202.
9.To add two 16 bit numbers which are stored at 4201
& 4202 and 4203 & 4204 . Store the result at 4205 &
4206 .
10.To fill ten locations starting from 4300 with ‘AA’
11.To move 10 continuous numbers stored in memory
location starting from 4300 to 4350.
12.To find average of an array of ten numbers stored
from the locations starting from 4500 and store the
result at 450A.

4545SKB'sSKB's
INTERRUPTS
The Interrupt structure has the following features:
• 6 sources / 5 vectored interrupts
• Each interrupts can be individually programmable
• Each interrupts can have two priority levels
• Priority levels can be programmed
• All interrupts can be masked by a single bit - EA
• External interrupt type can be programmed
Edge triggered
Level Triggered

4646SKB'sSKB's
1INT
0INT
0TF
1TF
TI
RI
INTERRUPT
SOURCES
IE0
IE1
INTERRUPTS

4747SKB'sSKB's
1INT
0INT
0TF
1TF
TI
RI
IE0
IE1
Individual
Enable
Global
Disable
Low Priority
Interrupt
High Priority
Interrupt
Interrupt
Polling
Sequence
IE Reg IP Reg
0IT
1IT
0
0
1
1
INTERRUPTS

4848SKB'sSKB's
EX0EX0ET0ET0EX1EX1ET1ET1ESES----EAEA
IEIE
PX0PX0PT0PT0PX1PX1PT1PT1PSPS------
IPIP
SFRs Related to INTERRUPTS
IE0IE0TF0TF0IE1IE1TF1TF1RI / TIRI / TI
LOW HIGH
Priority Within LevelPriority Within Level
IT0IT0IE0IE0IT1IT1IE1IE1TR0TR0TF0TF0TR1TR1TF1TF1
TCONTCON

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