(XIMB) Sustainability - Aquaculture industry

1. Xavier Institute of
Management, Bhubaneswar
Sustainability practices across Industries

2. S U S T A I N A B L E P R A C T I C E S I N
A Q U A C U LT U R E I N D U S T R Y
A N U R A G P A T N A I K U M 1 5 1 3 2
K E D A R A P S I N G E K A R U M 1 5 1 3 3
A R A D H A N A D W I V E D I U M 1 5 1 3 4
A S T H A M A T H U R U M 1 5 1 3 5
B A S U D E V B A S A K U M 1 5 1 3 6
G R O U P 0 2

3. INTRODUCTION
• The culturing or farming of aquatic plants and animals for any of their life stages is known as
aquaculture.
• History of aquaculture :
• Around 2500 BC, aquaculture was operating in China (emergence of goldfish)
• Japanese cultivated seaweed by providing bamboo poles, nets and oyster shells
• During the 18th and 19th centuries, various new techniques started coming up to farm the
aquatic plants and animals.
• Techniques like external fertilization, external fish hatching or artificial hatcheries
• Increasing demand and overexploitation of regular marine species led to domestication of
other marine species in the 21st century.
• Need for sustainability in aquaculture :
• Commercial aquaculture is on the rise and has brought with it more intensified methods of
production. E.g.
• Pond creation for marine shrimp aquacultureis leading to the destruction of thousands
of hectares of mangroves and coastal wetlands.
• Nutrient pollution at salmon farms causes increased growth of harmful species such as
algal blooms (a cause for reduction in biodiversity)
• Increase in the number or Tune ranches is hinting at the extinction of the species

4. HAPPY SHRIMPS FARMS
• Started in 2004 with the help of Bass & Gill, and the Port of the Rotterdam, Netherlands.
• It’s a fine example of multi-tropic aquaculture.
• Phase I –
o Co-siting approach.
o Built near a power plant, thus utilizing the waste heat that is emitted through it.
o Fosters 2 million Pacific whites at a temperature of 30 deg. C
• Phase II –
o These shrimps eat more algae than the other kinds.
o As a backend project algae production system began.
o They keep the water clean and produce oxygen and consume CO2 in the process.
• Thus providing fresh shrimps which have a very high demand in the Netherlands fish
market.
• Can be differentiated on the terms of freshness, environment, social responsibility & food
safety.

5. TASSAL
• Its an Australia based salmon farming company.
• Tassal is committed to sustainable practices across its business and since 2012 has released 4
sustainability reports.
• It closely works with WWF –Australia to achieve the highest global standard of responsibly
produced seafood.
• Tassal is the first company to become Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) Salmon standard
and Best Aquaculture Practices (BAP) certified.
• They are very transparent in nature and they publically report on their website which regions
have they interacted with in the past 30 days.
• They aim to provide the best possible living conditions for the fish.
• They have appropriately trained staff for the same.
• Heavily invest in fish health initiatives, that improves fish performance and growth as well.

6. AVANTI FEEDS
• The pioneer for almost over two decades in prawn culture and export of state in art prawns and
fish feed.
• India’s third company to have earned the four-star BAP(Best Aquaculture Practices) certification.
• Uses International quality raw materials
• Ideal water stability and maintains eco friendly water quality
• The Shrimp Processing and Exports Unit is certified ISO 22000 and confirms to HACCP, USFDA,
EU & BRC Global standards.
• Avanti has in-house Laboratory to conduct special tests to detect the presence of micro
organisms and anti-biotic to ensure the end product is absolutely contamination free.
• The Company has also well trained technical team to provide technical support to the farmers
and assisting farmers with information and knowledge of global standard aquaculture practices
and also updating developments in culture methods and processes.
• Further, it is into generation and sale of electricity.The company operates 4 windmills with a
capacity of 3.2 MW at Chitradurga, Karnataka.

7. MARINE HARVEST
• One of the largest seafood companies in the world, and the world’s largest producer of
Atlantic salmon.
• Marine Harvest continually engages with key stakeholders to ensure the constant improvement of
regulations and environmentally and socially responsible practices.
• Transparency is their key to sustainability.
• Since 2008, Marine Harvest Group has worked with the WWF-Norway to strengthen its focus on
sustainable aquaculture and to help shape and improve the whole industry’s environmental standards.
– Included in the agreement (2009-2014) between the Marine Harvest Group andWWF-
Norway are commitments, ambitions, activities and key performance indicators
regarding the potential environmental impact from:
• Genetic interaction between escaped farmed salmon and wild Atlantic salmon
• Discharges from freshwater and seawater farming
• Potential impacts on wild salmon from diseases and sea lice on farmed salmon
• Sourcing of marine and vegetable raw materials for salmon feed

8. BLUE RIDGE AQUACULTURE
• An indoor recirculating aquaculture facility produced and processed catfish
• Later, failed as it was not successful in overcoming the design flaws of the re-circulating system and
eventually ceased
• Later re-structured to form Blue Ridge Aquaculture which produced RAS-tilapia – 4mn are produced
annually
• Industry benchmarks standards
• Re-circulating Aquaculture System – RAS
• Aquaponics
• Operate by filtering water from the fish tanks, to be re-used in the tank
• Reduces the amount of water and space required to produce seafood products
• Solids Removal
• Ammonia Removal
• CO2 Removal and Oxygenation

9. FLOW DIAGRAM - RAS

10. AQUAPONICS
• Symbiotic cultivation of plants and aquatic animals in a recirculating environment
• A food production system based upon mother-nature’s own method of recycling fish waste by feeding
it to plants
• Nitrifying bacteria - start receiving ammonia-rich tank water on a regular basis, they multiply and start
converting ammonia into nitrite and then nitrate
• Allows your plants to grow and will keep your fish water clean

11. GLOBAL STANDARDS
• Global G.A.P:
• A universal mark of Good Aquaculture Practice
• Encourages the production and marketing of safe food while protecting scarce resources
• Covers the entire production chain, from broodstock, and seedlings, to farming & harvesting, and feed
• The GLOBAL G.A.P.Aquaculture Standard sets strict criteria for:
• Legal compliance
• Food safety
• Workers' occupational health, safety and welfare
• Animal welfare
• Environmental and ecological care
• The Standard covers the entire production chain from feed to fork:
• Compound Feed: Aquaculture producers are required to source the compound feed used at the
aquatic farming and hatchery levels from reliable suppliers
• Chain of custody: The GLOBAL G.A.P. Chain of Custody Standard gives aquaculture producers a
high level of transparency and integrity by identifying the status of your product throughout the
entire production and supply chain, from farm to retailer

12. INDIAN STANDARDS
• Increasing demand for aquatic resources also caused inland fisheries to decrease over the past few
decades
• Threat to the long-term sustainability of fisheries and aquaculture industries because of the over-
exploitation of important fish stocks, depletion in biodiversity and international fish trade
controversies
• The strategies for sustainability have been highlighted with respect to rural aquaculture,
intensification of small farms, wastewater-fed aquaculture, environmental regulations and fisheries
acts and trans-boundary aquatic ecosystems
• A suggested model outlines the feedback mechanisms for achieving long-term sustainability through
improved farm management practices, integrated farming, use of selective aquachemicals and
probiotics, conservation of natural resources, regulatory mechanism, and policy instruments

13. REFERENCES
• http://www.foodandwaterwatch.org/asa
• http://www.aces.edu/dept/fisheries/aquaculture/documents/recirculatingVT.pdf
• http://www.backyardaquaponics.com/guide-to-aquaponics/what-is-aquaponics/
• http://www.avantifeeds.com/
• http://www.tassal.com.au/

14. THANK YOU