1. Graduation Exam Test 2
Chapter 3
Multiple Choice: Choose the correct answer or each of the following questions.
1. What famous English document signed in 1215 was the beginning point for
representative government and protection of individual rights?
a. Social Contract Theory
b. Great Awakening
c. Magna Carta
d. Declaration of Independence
2. The first ten amendments to the Constitution, which were drafted by the reformed
Congress when it first met in 1789, have always been considered very important
and known as
a. The Federalist Papers
b. The Constitution
c. The Bill of Rights
d. Articles of Confederation
3. Which of the following gives the government “necessary and proper” powers?
a. Strict clause
b. loose clause
c. elastic clause
d. Declaration of Independence
4. Study the list below.
• First ten amendments of the
United States Constitution
• Described rights of the people of
the United States
• Included rights that protect
people from the government
• Inclusion of these rights led to the
ratification of the Constution
The information in this list BEST describes
a. The Constitution
b. The Articles of Confederation
c. The Federalist Papers
d. The Bill of Rights
5. Baron de Montesquieu is credited with what idea that we use in our government
today?
a. Separation of church and state
b. Federalism
c. A three-branch government
d. Mercantilism

2. 6. Who was the English philosopher who believed that government should derive its
power from the people whom it governed?
a. Baron de Montesquieu
b. John Locke
c. Jacques Rousseau
d. Thomas Jefferson
7. What is the name of the system that keeps the three government branches in equal
power?
a. Elastic Clause
b. Federalists
c. Amendment
d. Checks and Balances
8. In the court case Marbury v Madison, the court’s established the right to declare
whether laws passed by Congress were constitutional or not. This right is known
as
a. Strict Interpretation
b. Federalism
c. Elastic Clause
d. Judicial Review
9. The political leaders who founded the United States of America and its
Constitutional form of government were influenced by new ideas proposed by
European philosophers John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Baron de
Montesquieu and others who were part of an intellectual movement called the
a. Enlightenment
b. Great Awakening
c. Glorious Revolution
d. Magna Carta
10. The government created by the Constitution was a federal system because it
a. Divided the government into several branches.
b. Balanced the power of the various branches.
c. Gave the national government greater power than the state governments.
d. Divided power between national and state governments.
11. The right of Judicial Review means the Supreme Court can
a. Revise laws passed by Congress.
b. Propose laws to Congress.
c. Declare laws unconstitutional.
d. Review the appointment of judges.
12. The Second Continental Congress acted as
a. a legislative body to pass laws.
b. a national or central government.
c. a system for judicial review.
d. a body of imperialists

3. 13. What was the name of the religious movement that occurred in the 1730s and
1740’s in the 13 colonies?
a. The Columbian Exchange
b. The Great Awakening
c. The Great Revival
d. Magna Carta
14. What was the name of the first set of laws governing the United States?
a. The Declaration of Independence
b. Articles of Confederation
c. The Federalist Papers
d. The Constitution
15. The MAIN reason that the Articles of Confederation were ineffective was
a. They gave the president too much power
b. The national government did not get enough power
c. States refused to follow the document
d. It did not have the support of most Americans
16. Use the time line below and your own knowledge to answer Number 25.
King John signs Magna Carta in England which limits the power of the King and gives rights to common
1215 - people
1762 - Jean Jacque Rousseau wrote The Social Contract
1777 First of the Federalist Papers was published
The events listed on the timeline show
a. American documents written from 1215 – 1777
b. documents that influenced how the US Constitution was written and led to its
passage
c. the most published documents in American history
d. the need for maintain the Articles of Confederation as basis of the US
government
17. A key concept of the United States Constitution is a separation of powers. This is
illustrated by
a. the three branches of government – Legislative, Executive and Judicial
b. the three levels of government – National, State and Local
c. the power of the presidency
d. the decision making ability of the Supreme Court

4. 18. A sharing of powers between national, state and local governments is known as
a. Democracy
b. Republicanism
c. Federalism
d. Individual Rights
19. Large states and small states disagreed on the number of representatives that each
state should be allowed to have in the legislative branch. This argument ended
with
a. The large states winning
b. The Great Compromise
c. The Treaty of Paris
d. The Three-Fifths Compromise
20. According to the Three-Fifths Compromise
a. Every five slaves would count as five people in determining the number of
representatives for each state
b. Northern states would be allowed five representatives in Congress and
southern states would be allowed three
c. The United States did not calculate the number of slaves in determining
the number of representatives for each state
d. Every five slaves would count as five people in determining the number of
votes that the states would receive when voting for the president
21. Separation of powers refers to
a. Powers that are shared between the national, state and local levels of
government
b. System of checks and balances between the three branches of government
c. The overriding powers of the president
d. Powers that are shared between the House of Representatives and the
Senate
22. The concept of judicial review was established by
a. Gibbons v. Ogden
b. Seneca Falls Convention
c. Nullification Crisis
d. Marbury v. Madison
23. Study the cartoon below.
This cartoon illustrates
a. Marbury v. Madison
b. Nullification Crisis
c. Gibbons v. Ogden
d. Land Ordinance of 1785