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HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN CANADA,[object Object]
Canada is the second largest country in the world, with a land area of about 10 million km2. ,[object Object],It is a confederation of 10 provinces and 2 territories.,[object Object],The estimated total population of the country is about 29.6 million people,[object Object],OVERVIEW,[object Object]
Publicly funded, privately delivered health care system ,[object Object],Best described as an interlocking set of ten provincial and three territorial health insurance plans.,[object Object],Known to Canadians as “Medicare,” the system provides access to universal, comprehensive coverage for medically necessary hospital and physician services.,[object Object],The services are administered and delivered by the provincial and territorial (i.e., state or regional) governments, and are provided free of charge,[object Object],HEALTHCARE SYSTEM,[object Object]
Also assistance from the federal (i.e., national) government in funding ,[object Object],To receive their full allocation of federal funding for health care, the provincial and territorial health insurance plans must meet five criteria:,[object Object],Comprehensiveness, ,[object Object],Universality, ,[object Object],Portability, ,[object Object],Accessibility  ,[object Object],Public Administration,[object Object]
The provincial and territorial plans must insure all medically necessary services provided by hospitals, medical practitioners and dentists working within a hospital setting.,[object Object],All insured health services provided by hospitals and medical practitioners be covered by the plan,[object Object],COMPREHENSIVENESS ,[object Object]
The provincial and territorial plans must entitle all insured persons to health insurance coverage on uniform terms and conditions ,[object Object],It should cover 100% of the total insured population,[object Object],UNIVERSALITY ,[object Object]
The provincial and territorial plans must cover all insured persons when they move to another province or territory within Canada and when they travel abroad.,[object Object],The provinces and territories have some limits on coverage for services provided outside Canada, and may require prior approval for non-emergency services delivered outside their jurisdiction.,[object Object],PORTIBILITY ,[object Object]
The provincial and territorial plans must provide all insured persons reasonable access to medically necessary hospital and physician services without financial or other barriers.,[object Object],ACESSIBILITY ,[object Object]
The provincial and territorial plans must be administered and operated on a non profit basis by a public authority accountable to the provincial or territorial government.,[object Object],PUBLIC  ADMINISTRATION,[object Object]
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE ,[object Object],OF THE ,[object Object],HEALTH CARE SYSTEM,[object Object]
Municipal Governments,[object Object],Providers:,[object Object],Hospitals,[object Object],Other Institutions,[object Object],Physicians,[object Object],Other health professionals,[object Object],Individuals,[object Object],Taxes,[object Object],Provincial Governments,[object Object],Taxes,[object Object],Transfers,[object Object],Premiums,[object Object],Health Services,[object Object],Federal Government,[object Object],Insured Health Services,[object Object],Transfers,[object Object],Taxes,[object Object],Federal Direct Health Expenditures,[object Object],Workers’Compensation Board,[object Object],Health Services,[object Object],Taxes,[object Object],Premiums,[object Object],Employers,[object Object],Private Insurers,[object Object],Premiums,[object Object],Premiums,[object Object],Non Insured Health Services,[object Object],Premiums,[object Object],Non Insured Health Services,[object Object]
Financed primarily through taxation, both provincial and federal, personal and corporate income taxes,[object Object],Federal funding is transferred to the provinces as a combination of cash contributions and tax points (taxing power).,[object Object],Public sector funding represents about 72% of total health expenditure. The remaining 28% is financed privately through supplementary insurance, employer-sponsored benefits or directly out-of-pocket.,[object Object],HEALTH CARE FINANCE AND EXPENDITURE,[object Object]
Most public sector funding comes from central revenue streams. ,[object Object],Some provinces use ancillary funding methods which are nominally targeted for health care, such as sales taxes, payroll levies and lottery proceeds.,[object Object],BENEFITS:,[object Object],[object Object]
Medicare care as provided for under the Canada Health Act,[object Object]
HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM,[object Object]
By general practitioners (GPs) and family physicians,[object Object],Usually the initial contact with the formal health care system ,[object Object],Control access to most specialists, many allied providers, admissions to hospitals at which they have admitting privileges, diagnostic testing and prescription drug therapy.,[object Object],Most GPs are private practitioners who work in independent or group practices and enjoy a high degree of autonomy.,[object Object],PRIMARY HEALTH CARE,[object Object]
Private practitioners are generally paid on a fee-for-service basis and submit their service claims directly to the provincial insurance plan for payment.,[object Object],Patients are free to choose their own physicians,[object Object],Use of the emergency room is also their primary access point for health care. This practice is generally discouraged by provincial governments due to the cost of emergency care.,[object Object],Other healthcare personnel includes:,[object Object],[object Object]
Nurses
Pharmacists,[object Object]
 Referrals to and coordination with other levels of care , such as hospital and specialist care;
 Primary mental health care; palliative and end-of-life care;
 Health promotion;
 Healthy child development;
 Primary maternity care;

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Health care system in canada