Sallisaw Public Schools Professional Development 2013

1. Looking is Not the Same as Seeing
Situational Awareness (SA) &Situational Awareness (SA) &
Active Shooter Response TrainingActive Shooter Response Training
Casey Eubanks
Sallisaw Public Schools
Professional Development
5 Aug 2013

2.  Video
 My Background
 Situational Awareness
 Exercise
 “Run, Hide, Fight” Video
 Profile of an Active Shooter
 Indicators of Potential
Violence
 Course of Action
 LEO Response
 Prevention
 Summary
 References

3. Awareness TestAwareness Test

4. BackgroundBackground
Sallisaw Public
Schools since 2006
Arkansas Air
National Guard since
1999
◦ Intel Officer
◦ Multiple Deployments
◦ Vast amounts of
training on SA

5. http://goo.gl/1u0JEC
http://goo.gl/bJazgw

6.  Shootings can occur anytime, anywhere, to anyone
 Unlike any situation ever experienced
 Bottom Line: You need to take direct responsibility for
your personal safety and security
 Survival Mindset is a protective shield
 Comprised of three components:
Awareness, Preparation, and Rehearsal

7. Survival Mindset Components
 Awareness
 Gain a basic understanding of situation
 Be aware of your environment and any possible dangers
 Take note of the two nearest exits in any facility you visit
 Predetermined mindset will help you take rapid, effective
actions

8. Survival Mindset Components (Cont.)
 Preparation
 Looking at your school environment through the lens of
survival
 “What if” questions are critical in developing effective
response strategies
 Survivors prepare themselves both mentally and
emotionally to do whatever it takes to survive
 Rehearsal
 Mentally or physically practicing your plan
 Will reduce response time and build confidence
 A survival inoculation

9.  Life-Threatening Risk:
 Any action taken, or not taken, during an active-shooter
incident may involve life-threatening risk
 Survival Mindset:
 Will provide a strong foundation upon which to base
decisions and actions

10.  Figure Out
 How are you going to survive?
 Will you get out (Run)? (Is there a path of escape?)
 Will you hide out?
• Is there a chance to get to where the shooter may not
find you?
 Is your only option to take out (fight) the shooter? Last
resort!

11.  http://www.lawofficer.com/video/news/run-hide-fight-active-shooter
 Run, Hide, Fight

12.  An individual, or group of individuals, actively engaged in
killing or attempting to kill people in a confined and
populated area
 Active shooters use firearm(s)
 No pattern or method to their selection of victims
 Could be anyone

13. Common Myths
 Out of the blue
 Never saw it coming
 He just snapped
 Most situations will resolve themselves if given a
cooling off period
 Warning signs are always predictive of violent
behavior
 Violence is random, spontaneous, and unpredictable
 School violence is rampant
http://www.nbcnews.com/id/151114

14. Realities
 Threats are almost always present
 Leakage, warnings made through comments (intentional or
unintentional) can reveal clues to feelings, thoughts,
fantasies, or intentions that may result in violence
 Erratic/abnormal behavior is a principle warning sign of
future violence
 Bullying is often a stepping stone to violence
 The path toward violence, is an evolutionary one with signs
posted along the way (indicators)

15. Realities
School shootings are rare!
◦ Tragic, Yes!
1980 – 2012, 297 People have
been killed in school shooting.
Homicides in Schools 1993 - 2010

17. Offenders
 Increased use of alcohol and/or illegal drugs
 Often exhibit angry or argumentative behavior
 Unexplained increases in absenteeism
 Depression / withdrawal
 Blame others for their problems
 Repeated violations to policy and procedures
 Fail to take responsibility for their own actions
 Increased severe mood swings
 Retaliate against perceived injustice

18. Other Concerns
 Increasingly talks of problems at home
 Increasing belligerence
 Behavior which is suspect of paranoia “everybody is against me”
 Hypersensitivity to criticism
 Recent acquisition/fascination with weapons
 Talk of previous incidents of violence
 Empathy with individuals committing violence

19. Other Concerns (Cont.)
 Preoccupation with violent themes, video games
 Interest in recently publicized violent events
 Outburst of anger
 Extreme disorganization
 Noticeable changes in behavior
 Homicidal/suicidal comments or threats

20.  Motives:
 61% motivated by desire for revenge
 75% felt bullied/persecuted/threatened by others
 Statistics:
 93% of attackers engaged in some behavior prior to the
attack that caused others to be concerned
 93% of attackers planned out the attack in advance
 95% of attackers were current students

21.  Survival Mindset
 Enables you to act quickly and effectively
 Mindful, not fearful
 Airline safety briefing
 Better able to make that first, critical decision
 Continuous Assessment Process
 Allows you to take appropriate survival action
 Use all senses
 Trust your intuition—that “gut” feeling (knowing without
knowing why)

22.  Get Out (Run)
 Move quickly; don’t wait for others to validate your
decision
 Leave belongings behind
 Survival chances increase if you are not where shooter
is or go where he can’t see you
 Call Out
 Inform authorities
 Call 9-1-1 and tell them the name of shooter (if
known), shooter description, location, number and type
of weapons

23.  Hide Out
 May not be able to get out
 Shooter between you and the only exit
 Would have to enter area where shooter is
positioned
 Hiding place
• Well hidden and well protected
• Avoid places that might trap you or restrict
movement

24.  Keep Out
 Find a room that can be locked with objects to hide behind
 Blockade door with heavy furniture
 Turn out lights; become totally silent
 Turn off noise-producing devices
 Call 9-1-1 (If you can do so without alerting the shooter)

25.  Spread Out
 If two or more of you, DO NOT huddle together; gives you
options and makes it harder for the shooter
 Quietly develop a plan of action in the event the shooter
enters
 Remain calm
 Can have a contagious effect on others
 Keeps others focused on survival

26.  Take Out (LAST RESORT)
 Assume shooter’s intentions are lethal
 Shooter will succeed in shooting all those with whom he
comes in contact, UNLESS you stop him
 Develop a survival mindset that you have “what it takes” to
survive when your life is on the line
 You must be prepared to do whatever it takes to neutralize
the threat
 Throw things, yell, use improvised weapons
 If two or more of you, make a plan to overcome the
shooter
 Do the best that you can—choose to survive

27. Arm Yourself with a Survival Mindset

28.  Be observant of the environment you are traveling, fall
back on your First Observer Training.
◦ Situational Awareness
◦ Safety and Security Plans
◦ Fall back on your training to react (think quickly)
 If you see something that is not right, (guy with a gun)
don’t stop, continue to drive pass the stop and call
dispatch/authorities with your observations.
 If you have already stopped and something happens,
Remember to “KEEP CALM”
 We have LIMITED options in the confined space on the
bus

29.  If suspicious or uncomfortable, report your observations and
feelings: “See Something, Say Something”
 Violence and threats of violence
 Often result from frustration and a communication
breakdown
 Individuals can make a difference
 Listen to “troubled” individual
 People want to be heard and understood
 A safe campus is everyone’s responsibility

30.  See Something, Say Something: Tell a supervisor: Use the
“District Threat Response Procedure” for all threats
 Recognizing the sound of gunshots
 Reacting quickly when gunshots are heard or when a
shooting is witnessed:
 Run
 Hide
 Fight (Take Action)
 Call 911
 Reacting when Law Enforcement arrives
 Adopting the survival mindset during times of crisis

31.  Safety Guidelines for Armed Subjects, Active Shooters
Situations, Indiana University Police Department, April 2007
 Safety tips and guidelines regarding potential “Active Shooter”
incidents occurring on campus, University of California Police
 Workplace Violence Desk reference, Security Management
Group International
 How to Plan for Workplace Emergencies and Evacuations,
US Department of labor, OSHA 3088, 2001
 Active Shooter, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Oct
2008

32.  DHS Course, Active Shooter, What You Can Do,
Response to an Active Shooter Training (Online)
 http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/IS907.asp

33. Questions?
http://www.youtube.com/user/ushomelandsecurity
Stop, Look, Pay Attention
Looking is Not the Same as Seeing