2020-07-17 NOVASQL Presentation - Azure Kubernetes Service = Jay Kumar

1. Azure Kubernetes Service

2. What is a container?
Containers = operating system virtualizationTraditional virtual machines = hardware virtualization
OS
Kernel
Applications
Container Container Container
HardwareHardware
OS
Application
VM VM VM
App
OS
App
OS
App
OS

3. Virtualization versus containerization?
Virtualization Containerization
Type 1
Hardware
Hypervisor 1
VM VM VM
Hardware
Type 2
Host OS
Hypervisor 2
VM VM VM
Virtual machine
Guest OS
Dependencies
Application
Hardware
Host OS
Docker Engine
Dependency 1 Dependency 2
C C C C C
Container
App dependencies
Application XYZ
Image

4. How Container are Launched ?

5. Docker
Docker is a Open-Source computer program that
performs operating-system-level virtualization, also known
as "containerization". It was first released in 2013 and is
developed by Docker, Inc.
Docker is used to run software packages called
"containers". In a typical example use case, one container
runs a web server and web application, while a second
container runs a database server that is used by the web
application.
• Launched in March 2013
• Over 37 billion+ Downloads
• Over 3,5million+ Docker-ized applications
• 100+ Case Studies worldwide
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Docker_(software)

6. The benefits of using containers
Agility
Ship apps
faster
Portability
Easily move
workloads
Rapid scale
Scale easily
to meet
demand
Density
Achieve
resource
efficiency
On-premises
Cloud
Anywhere
Monolith
Microservice
Any app
.Net
Java
Python
Node
Any language
Linux
Windows
Any OS

7. Choice of developer tools and clients
Azure Container Registry Docker Hub
App Service
Deploy web apps
or APIs using
containers in a
PaaS environment
Service Fabric
Modernize .NET
applications to
microservices
using Windows
Server containers
Kubernetes Service Container Instance
Scale and orchestrate
Linux containers using
Kubernetes
Ecosystem
Bring your
Partner solutions
that run great on
Azure
Elastically burst
from your Azure
Kubernetes Service
(AKS) cluster
Containers in Azure

8. Container Challenges

9. VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
VM Host
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Container
Application
Dependencies
App code
Environmental
Variables
Files
Libraries Drivers
Things can get
complicated very
quickly

10. Container Management at Scale
Load
Balancing:
evenly
distribute traffic
Lifecycle and
Health:
keep containers
running despite
failure
Cluster
Management:
deploy and
manage cluster
resources
Scheduling:
where
containers run
Naming and
Discovery:
where are my
containers
Logging and
Monitoring:
track what’s
happening in
containers and
cluster
Image
repository:
centralized,
secure Docker
container
images
Storage
volumes:
persistent data
for containers
Scaling:
make sets of
containers
elastic in
number
Continuous
Delivery:
CI/CD pipeline
and workflow
At the end of the day we need something to
help us with all the orchestration..
An orchestrator!

11. Kubernetes

12. k8s
κυβερνήτης
 Most discussed repo in GitHub last year.
 Over 1,700 authors and releases every three month
 To learn more about the ideas behind Kubernetes: read the
Large-scale cluster management at Google with Borg paper

14. Kubernetes ArchitectureKubernetes
control
API server
replication, namespace,
serviceaccounts, etc.
-controller-
manager -scheduler
etcd
Master node
Worker node
kubelet kube-proxy
Docker
Prod Prod
Containers Containers
Worker node
kubelet kube-proxy
Docker
Prod Prod
Containers Containers
Internet
master
components
node
components

15. Recap – K8s Components
api-server
controller-manager
etcd
scheduler
kubelet kube-proxy
docker dns
master
components
node
components

16. Reference:
https://github.com/kelseyhightower/k
ubernetes-the-hard-way

17. Kubernetes in Azure (AKS)
Managed k8s service

18. Kubernetes on its own is not enough
Unlock the agility for containerized
applications using:
• Infrastructure automation that simplifies
provisioning, patching, and upgrading
• Tools for containerized app development
and CI/CD workflows
• Services that support security, governance,
and identity and access management
Save time from infrastructure management and roll out updates faster without compromising security
IDE container
support
Registry
supporting
Helm
CI/CD
Monitoring
Microservice
debugging
NetworkingVirtual machines
Security Governance Identity
Source code
repository<>
Kubernetes
Storage Data
Infrastructure automation

19. Deploy, manage, and
monitor Kubernetes
with ease
Scale
applications on
the fly
Roll out
new features
seamlessly (CI/CD)
Accelerate
containerized app
development
Secure your
environment with
layers of isolation
Ship-faster
Focus on your containers
not the infrastructure
Extensible
Modular, pluggable,
hookable, composable
Self-healing
Auto-placement, auto-restart,
auto-replication, auto-scaling

20. Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)
A fully managed Kubernetes cluster
Managed
Azure infrastructure services
Container Runtime Engine
Kubernetes
Application
architect
Infrastructure
architect
Applications
Operations

21. Managed KubernetesKubernetes
control
API server
replication, namespace,
serviceaccounts, etc.
-controller-
manager -scheduler
etcd
Master node
Worker node
kubelet kube-proxy
Docker
Pod Pod
Containers Containers
Worker node
kubelet kube-proxy
Docker
Pod Pod
Containers Containers
Internet
master
components
node
components
Azure managed control plane

22. API server
Controller
ManagerScheduler
etcd
Store
Cloud
Controller
Self-managed master node(s)
How managed Kubernetes on Azure works
• Automated upgrades, patches
• High reliability, availability
• Easy, secure cluster scaling
• Self-healing
• API server monitoring
• At no charge
• Auto Scaling of Nodes
Customer Worker Node VMs
App/
workload
definitionUser
Docker
Pods
Docker
Pods
Docker
Pods
Docker
Pods
Docker
Pods
Schedule pods
over private tunnel
Kubernetes
API endpoint
Azure managed control plane
Visible to the users/administrators

23. Deploy and manage Kubernetes with ease
Task The old way With Azure
Create a cluster Provision network and VMs
Install dozens of system components
including etcd
Create and install certificates
Register agent nodes with control plane
az aks create
Upgrade a cluster Upgrade your master nodes
Cordon/drain and upgrade worker nodes
individually
az aks upgrade
Scale a cluster Provision new VMs
Install system components
Register nodes with API server
az aks scale
Azure makes Kubernetes easy

24. Get started easily
> az aks create
> az aks install-cli
> az aks get-credentials
> kubectl get nodes
Azure makes Kubernetes easy

25. Manage an AKS cluster
> az aks list
➢ az aks upgrade
➢ az aks scale
Azure makes Kubernetes easy

26. Cluster Upgrade
Upgrade to version 1.11.4
$ az aks upgrade --name myAKSCluster --resource-group myResourceGroup --
kubernetes-version 1.11.4
• The Kubernetes community releases minor versions roughly every
three months
• AKS supports *4* minor versions of Kubernetes
• The latest stable version upstream and the previous 3
• Each supported minor version also supports *2* stable patches.
Azure makes Kubernetes easy

27. AKS – Portal Experience
Azure Portal Experience

28. Azure Container Instances (ACI)

29. Increase agility
with containers on
demand
Secure applications
with isolation
Run containers
without managing
servers
Azure Container Instances (ACI)
Easily run containers on Azure without managing servers

30. Release automation tools
Simplifying the Kubernetes experience
Streamlined
Kubernetes
development
Event-driven
scripting for
Kubernetes
The package
manager for
Kubernetes

31. helm.sh
Looking for sample charts?
Visit the Chart Directory at kubeapps.com to explore and use community charts.
Helm

32. Resources
AKS Workshop MS Learn – AKS Workshop
AKS on GitHub AKS Issues and feature Tracking
k8s on Azure Kubernetes on Azure
AKS DevOps
labs
Deploying multi-container apps in AKS
AKS Azure Kubernetes Services

33. Thank You