New media and democratic society 1117 presentation
1. New Media and Democratic Society
11/17 presentation
Fannin Chen, Tina Chen
Crowdsourcing
Mashups
Citizen journalism
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2. Introduction of the Author
Karthika Muthukumaraswamy
She was from India and moved to US
since 2001.
3 graduate degrees in
Integrated Master of Science in
LifeSciences in India
microbiology in U pennsylvania
master of journalism in Temple U
a research specialist in the Department
of Cardiology at the University of
Pennsylvania
multi aspects background, she’s now a
freelance writer focus on politics,
media, science, research and
professional tennis
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3. Introduction of the Author
Anand Girid haradas
Born in Cleveland, Ohio, to parents
from Bombay, he has also resided
in Paris and outside Washington,
D.C., where his family still lives.
He studied the history of political
thought at the University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, and at St.
Edmund Hall, Oxford.
the author of “India Calling: An
Intimate Portrait of a Nation’s
Remaking,”
He writes the “Currents” column
for The New York Times and its
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4. What is mashup?
Mash up is a web application hybrid!
Merrill, 2006
Mapping mashups (google map, yahoo map API)
Video and photo mashups (flickr sudoku)
Search and shopping mashups (amazon wishlist)
News mashups (RSS, ATOM)
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9. Mashups + croudsourcing
Ushahiti
What is Ushahidi (Youtube video)
-Swahili (Bentu language) means "testimony" or
"witness“
-Created for Kenya's post election violence since
2007.
-People reported violence through text , email,
twitter and place it on google map
“Get critical and timely information to the
people who needed the most.”
-The power of crowdsourcing! Safe lifes,
provide aids.
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11. What does Ushahiti do now
Concerning public, reporting crisis.
Sudan Vote Monitor is a Sudanese civil society
initiative that used SMS to monitor the
elections in the Sudan.
Chile Crisis Map is tracking the post-
earthquake crisis response and recovery
efforts in Chile.
Interesting!
Snowmageddon: The Cleanup - Where the
Washington region comes together to dig out
of Snowmageddon 2010.
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12. OpenStreetMap in the Haiti relief
http://www.openstreetmap.org/
Anyone can map
Wikipedia for maps
over 160,000 users
The earthquake devastate Haiti.
Update the road network and map to let the aid
come in time.
Have a complet look in 48hrs
Amazing reconstruction if mapping
Haïti map coverage in Openstreetmap
following 2010 earthquake (Youtube video)
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14. OpenStreetMap in the Haiti relief
What does the user say…
Kjeld Jensen, Red Cross (IFRC): … A few days ago
I installed a version on my Garmin Oregon GPS
and the result is impressive. It has already
saved me and my driver from getting lost
twice, and the alternative would have been long
delays. In the coming days I will try to update
our Red Cross relief GPS receivers with your
map.
Google crisis responese
Haiti Earthquake – Imagery Downloads
http://www.google.com/relief/haitiearthquake/
imagery.html
Intended for use by mapping professionals with
GIS software.
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15. Mission 4636
http://www.mission4636.org/
“It allowed people on the ground to text their
requests for medical care, food, water, security
and shelter from any Digicel / Comcel-Voila
device and receive aid.”
Where people do
not have internet
access or smart
phone, they can still
report crisis through
SMS text.
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16. Citizen Journalism
Jay Rosen
He is a press critic, a writer, and a professor of
journalism at New York University.
Strong supporter of citizen journalism
Definition of Citizen Journalism
(Youtube video)
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17. Citizen Journalism- examples
CNN ireport (citizen journalism + crowdsourcing)
http://ireport.cnn.com/
Assignments
there are assignments set for ireporter
Voice
ireporter on CNN live!
Hear what Lila King, a senior producer of
CNN.com said about citizen journalism
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5tmW8PttqlU
Set up a topic, find news worthy articles,
integrate with CNN!
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18. Twin Cities Daily Plan
http://www.tcdailyplanet.net/
Goal:
“We strive for high standards of fairness,
accuracy, and accountability.”
“bring together professionals and citizens to
create diverse content in local journalism.”
They do train citizen journalism skills
It’s professionally edited and staffed by a few
part-time professional editors and journalists
(who do “quality control”)
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20. Compare to the “five cases”
Crowdsourcing, involves many people’s work.
Citizen journalism encompasses crowdsourcing
(Bowman & Willis, 2003; Lasica, 2003), but often
refers to a more generalized notion of non-
professional journalists contributing to the
news gathering and/or reporting process of a
professional journalism. (Thiel-Stern, 2009)
One can accomplish a news article, but
combining with the wisdom of the crowd- lots
of articles, or say, crisis reports, it can form a
tremendous power force.
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21. 21
Jeff Howe
He invented the term “crowdsourcing” in one of the articles he
wrote for Wired magazine in 2006.
He is an editor at Wired magazine where he covers the media
and entertainment industry.
He is also a Nieman Fellow at Harvard University. (The Nieman
Fellowship is an award given to mid-career journalists by The
Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard University.)
He mentioned in his article that crowdsourcing is actually the
application of open source principles to fields outside of
software.
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Crowdsourcing
What is Crowdsourcing?
Crowdsourcing is the act of taking a job traditionally
performed by a designated employee and outsourcing it
to an undefined, generally large group of people in a
form of open call.
Howe differentiated four types of crowdsourcing
strategies: Crowdfunding, Crowdcreation, Crowdvoting,
Crowd wisdom.
Example of Crowdfunding: spot.us
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Examples of Crowdsourcing
outside journalism
DARPA’s red ballon challenge
In less than 9 hours, a group from MIT spotted all the
10 red balloons and won a prize of 40,000 dollars
Profit sharing helps crack the challenge
The reliability issues was also mentioned
Amazon Mechanical Turk
A platform for business owners to submit HITs (Human
Intelligence Tasks)
The HITs are designed to require very little time, and offer
very little compensation
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Examples of Crowdsourcing
outside journalism
Google image labeler
An application designed as a game in order to help
Google improve image search results
Very addictive game as shown by the points users
earned
Quirky.com
An example of crowdsourcing in product developments
The website asks its users to submit ideas of an product or
vote for ideas thatʼs been submited
Compared with traditional business models, the advantage
is you only pay what you use, and an unlimited amount of
people are helping you
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Examples of Crowdsourcing
in journalism
Gallop survey shows that faith in traditional media has reached
a new low, people’s demand for online news is increasing.
Help me investigate
A website designed for using crowdsourcing in
investigative journalism
The key idea behind the site is that it breaks down
investigations into different elements
People with specialist knowledges are helping journalists
with their investigation
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Examples of Crowdsourcing
in journalism
New York Times Lens
A project asks normal people to freeze their moments
at 3 pm, May 2nd
Received over 10,000 photos submitted from all
around the world
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Examples of Crowdsourcing
in journalism
YouTube’s “Life in a day” Project
YouTubers are asked to record their day on July 24th,
2010
The bits and pieces submitted from around the world
will then be collected and built into a feature-length
documentary film
Implications
Crowdsourcing in such projects are an important
method of storing history
This method is especially important for countries
where part of the history is a taboo topic
Crowdsourcing might be a good idea for oral history
projects
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Trustworthiness
The 5 most Entertaining Crowdsourcing Disasters
Lesson learned: Crowdsourcing is not a good idea when the
crowd is not well managed. Targeting the right crowd is key here
The trustworthiness of the information collected:
TripAdvisor case
Hotel owners were were upset about the fraudulent reviews on
TripAdvisor
The website responded that they value reviewers privacy and they
would not provided names
The reviews were finally removed due to media pressure
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Trustworthiness
Are review sites trustworthy? Yelp.com case
Yelp salespeople have offered to remove bad reviews
they've also removed good reviews when businesses turn down
advertising solicitations
Who to trust?
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Trustworthiness
Other controversial opinions:
There is no crowd in crowdsourcing and the vast
majority of Wiki entries are the product of a
motivated individual.
Crowdsourcing is not suitable to solve complex
problems
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Crowdsourcing and Democracy
It allows minority voices to be heard
Example: President Obama’s "Open For Questions" forums
were hijacked by marijuana legalization enthusiasts
The possibility of using crowdsourcing in policy
making: The HMG case
It’s an experiment by the British government
Achievements in influencing policy making
Using crowdsourcing inside a crowdsourcing project
There may be some issues, but still, the potential is
unlimited
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