The document discusses the major domains of the Earth - the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. It provides details about each domain: the lithosphere comprises the solid portion including rocks and soil; the hydrosphere includes all water in its forms like oceans, rivers, lakes; the atmosphere is made up of air containing oxygen, nitrogen and other gases; and the biosphere is the narrow zone where land, water and air interact and support life.

1. Major Domain Of The Earth
Class : 6
Geography, Chapter : 5
By Tsering Chokeyi
Teacher

2. Major Domain of the Earth
• Lithosphere (land) : The solid portion of the earth on
which we live is called Lithosphere.
• Atmosphere (Air) : The gaseous layers that surround the
earth is called atmosphere. Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon
dioxide are some of the gases.
• Hydrosphere (Water) : The hydrosphere comprises water
in all its forms, that is ice, water and water vapour.
• Biosphere : The narrow zone where we find land, water
and air together, which contains all forms of life.

3. Two main division of the earth
Continent Ocean Basin
All the ocean of the world are
connected with each other.
Are all the landmasses
connected with each other.
The level of seawater remains
the same everywhere.
Elevation of land is measure
from sea level taken as zero

4. • Height: 8.840 meter above sea level
• Location : Nepal
Mount Everest

5. Mariana Trench
Depth of 11,022 meter
Location: Eastern Pacific Ocean

6. 1. LITHOSPHERE
• The solid portion of the earth
• It comprises rocks and soils of the earth

7. Seven Continents

8. •Largest continents
•Covers one third of the total land area of the earth
•Tropic of Cancer passes through this continents.
•Ural Mountain separate Asia from Europe.
•Combine land of Asia and Europe is called Eurasia.

9. • Smaller than Asia.
• Location: West of Asia
• Bound by water bodies from three sides.
• Arctic Circle passes through it

10. • The second largest continent
•Location: largest part is located at Northern Hemisphere
• The equator or 0latitude runs almost through the middle of it.
• Tropic of Cancer, Equator and Tropic of Capricorn passes on the
map of African continent only.
• The Sahara Desert :-
world largest hot
desert is located here
.
• The Nile :- world
longest river flows
here

11. •Third largest continent
•Lies completely in the Northern and Western Hemisphere
The Isthmus of Panama:
It is a narrow strip which
linked North America to
South America

12. • Lies mostly in the Southern Hemisphere.
•The Andes:- The world’s
longest mountain range
runs through it from
north to south.
•The Amazon :- The
world’s largest river
flows on it.

13. • Smallest continent
•Lies entirely in Southern Hemisphere
• Also called Island Continent as surrounded by oceans from all sides.

14. • Huge continent
•Completely lies in Southern Hemisphere
•South Pole lies almost at the centre of this
continent
• covered by thick ice sheet
•No permanent human settlement only
research station of many countries
• India’s research station :- Maitri and Dakshin
Gangotri

15. 2. HYDROSPHERE
Hydrosphere
consist of water
in all its form.
Oceans
Rivers
Lakes Water Vapour Glacier

16. Earth blue planet more than 71% of it is
covered with water and 29% with land
As being blue planet we
face a shortage of water
WHY
Reason –
•97% of earth’s water is found in
the Oceans and is too salty.
• rest are in the form of Icesheets,
glaciers and underground water
Ocean water
2.5% fresh
water

17. • Oceans are major part of hydrosphere.
• The three movements of the ocean waters
are:
1. The waves
2. The tides
3. The ocean currents

18. The five major oceans

19. • The largest ocean
• Mariana Trench lies in it
• It is circular in shape
• Surrounded by Asia, Australia, North and South America

20. • The second largest ocean in
the world
• It is of S shape.
• Flanked by North and South
America on the western side,
Europe and Africa on the
Eastern side
• The coastline of Atlantic Ocean is highly indented
• Ideal location for natural harbours and ports
• It is a business ocean

21. • The only ocean named after a country, that is, India.
• It is almost triangular in shape.
• It is bound by Asia in the north, Africa in west, Australia in east

22. • The ocean encircles the continent of Antarctica

23. • Located within Arctic Circle and surrounds the North Pole.
• Berring strait: a narrow strertch of shallow water which
connect Arctic Ocean with Pacific Ocean
• Bounded by Northern coasts of North America and Eurasia

24. 3. ATMOSPHERE
• Atmosphere is made of air which is composed
of many gases, water vapour and dust
particles.
• Importance of atmosphere :
• 1. provides us with the air we breathe
2. protects us from the harmful effects of
sun`s ray

25. Role played by Air
1. Oxygen 21%
• required by living beings for respiration.
• required for burning various fuels
2. Nitrogen 78%
• required for plants to make molecules from nitrogen
3. Carbondioxide 1%
• utilized by plants during photosynthesis.
1. Oxygen : 21%
2. Nitrogen : 78%
3. Carbon dioxide, argon
and many other gases: 1%

26. Layers of Atmosphere
• The atmosphere can be
divided into five layers
• Density of the atmosphere
decreases with the height
• Mountaineers need to acrry
oxygen cylinder –to breath
comfortable at high altitude.
• Air moves from high
pressure to low pressure .
Moving air is called wind.

27. 3. Biosphere
It is in this zone that life
exist which makes the
earth unique planet.
• The living organisms in biosphere can
be broadly divided into the plant
kingdom and the animal kingdom.
• The three domains of the earth are
interlinked with each other and affect
each other.