cdm

1. Presented by:
Vivek Verma
M.Sc. Environment Management
3rd semester

2. Introduction
• Clean Development
Mechanism(CDM) is a
unique instrument based
on understanding and
cooperation among the
nations for adopting a
new outlook for
economic activities
aiming at protecting the
world eco-system.

3. Kyoto protocol
 Industrialization since 18th century, generation of
Green House Gases has resulted in progressive
global warming.
 Kyoto Protocol drafted at Kyoto, in 1992 to combat
global climate change .
 Joint implementation (Developed Countries)
 Clean Development Mechanism (Developing
Countries)
 International Emission Trading (Emission Credit
through special market)

4. CDM objectives
 To assist developing countries in achieving sustainable
development & in contributing to ultimate objectives of
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC )
 To assist developing countries in achieving compliance
with their qualified emission limit & reduction
commitments.

5. Indian scenario
• Formation of an Advisory Group on Climate
Change under Ministry of Environment and
Forest (MoEF) which is the nodal agency on
climate change issue in India.
• Energy Sector is main CO2 emitter accounting
for 87% of CO2 emissions.
• Biomass burning and agriculture sector main
source of NOx emission.
• GHG emission in India is 3% of the world.

6. Continue…
 Because of high potential of GHG reduction, India can
avail new opportunity through CDM projects.
 India can capture 10% of Global CDM mark.
 Annual revenue estimated range from US$ 10 million
to 330 million

7. CDM Options
 Projects prioritised for CDM
 Coal power plant using IGCC (Integrated Gasification
Combined Cycle)
 Coal Power Plant using PFBC (Pressurised Fluidised
Bed Combustion)
 Renovation and Modernization of Power Plants
 Wind based power generation
 Solar Thermal Energy for Power generation
 Underground Coal gasification technology projects

8. continue
 Wind Pumps for agriculture
 Direct reduction process in the iron & steel industry
 Continuous pulp digesters in the pulp & paper
industry
 Demand side management by efficient motors

9. barriers
 Clear methodologies yet to be defined.
 Procedures and process still to be finalised.
 Others barriers perceived by many countries are
 Lack of awareness
 Financial barriers due to present low and uncertain
returns
 Technology barriers
 Institutional barriers
 Infrastructure limitations
 High transaction cost

10. Small scale projects
 The following categories of projects qualify for fast-
track approval procedure
 Renewable Energy projects with minimum output
capacity equivalent up to 15 MW
 Energy efficiency improvements which reduce energy
consumption on supply or demand side by up to 15
Gwh/yr
 Other project activities that both reduce emission and
directly emit less than 15kt of CO2 annually.

11. Horizon for Renewables
 Multi technology development programmes initiated
by GOI define best options for GHG emission
reductions.
 MNES suggested for a study and development of
overall methodology for Renewable Energy Project
under CDM.
 Wind, Solar, Hydel & Biomass Projects suggested to be
brought under positive list of CDM.

12. National Issues Related to CDM
 National Institutional Structure
 Synergy between CDM projects and National
Sustainable Development Priorities
 Establishment of Sustainable Development Criteria