There are three types of intruders who can dampen the company’s electronic system and they are hackers, freakers and crackers. Banks, insurance companies, consultants, textile business are some of the major types of organizations who fall victim to such mal-practices. The intruders have a well-thought out system to attack the organization. They gain access to user’s accounts, use the victim’s system as a platform to attack other sites. Companies can save themselves from this serious threat if they follow certain basic tip such as using the latest version of the browser, installing SSL, ensuring that ISP has a security system and they should shop with familiar companies.

1. Electronic Security

2. Classification of Intruders
Hackers
Hackers Crackers
Crackers
Intruders type
Freakers
Freakers

3. Victimised Firms
• Banks • Government contractors
• Financial companies • Government agencies
• Insurance companies • Hospitals
• Brokerage houses • Medical laboratories
• Consultants • Utility companies
• Network Service • Universities
Providers
• Textile Business
• Wholesale/Retail traders

4. Attacking Methods
• Gaining access to user’s
account
• Gaining privileged access
• Using the victim‘s system as a
platform for attacks on other • A significant loss of credibility or
sites. market opportunity.
• Duration of the accomplishment : • A buisness no longer able to
• Manually in less than 45 seconds complete.
• With automation, the time is still • Legal liability and
less. • Loss of life
• By the attack varies :
• A minnor loss of time in recovering
from the problem .
• A decrease in productivity.

5. Three basic security concepts
• Confidentiality
• Integrity and
• Availability

6. Concepts relating to the people who
use the information are :
• Authentication
• Authorisation
• Non-repudiation

7. Classification of Incidents
• Probe • Exploitation of trust
• Scan • Root compromise
• Account compromise • Destruction or
• Packet sniffer Alteration of
• Denial of service configuration
information
• Malicious code
• Internet infrastructure
attack

8. Relationship between SSL & ISO Reference Model
User Application
SSL Protocol
ISO Reference Distributed Data Sources
Model Plain Data Stream
Application Layer SSL Handshake Protocol
Presentation Layer Encrypted Data Packets
SSL Record Protocol
Session Layer
Network Independent messages
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Link Layer
Physical Layer
Physical connection to network hardware
Data Network

9. Ten Practical Tips to Secure
E-Commerce - 1
• Use latest version of the browser
• Install SSL
• Ensure ISP has a security system
• Look for signs of trust
• Shop with familiar companies
• Look for easy to find security information &
a privacy statement

10. Ten Practical Tips to Secure
E-Commerce - 2
• Pay by credit card
• Keep a record
• Look for information about ‘cookies’ and
• Find out what information the site collects
you

11. Security Tools - 1
• Secure transport
stacks
• Kerberos
• Secure transactions
over the Internet
• UNIX Security
• Password Security
Systems

12. Security Tools - 2
• Electronic Mail
SMTP
PEM
PGP
• Server security
• Trusting Binaries

13. Kerberos Authentication
Process -1
Credentials
A Ticket for the
server
A temporary
encryption key
The session key

14. Kerebos - 2
Limitations
Vulnerability of
passwords
Need for
synchronised clocks
Weak assurances
against repudiation

15. UNIX Security
• User passwords
• File access
• Directory access
• File encryption and
• Security on passwords files

16. Biometrics
• Fingerprints
• Signature Dynamics
• Voice verification
• Keystroke Dynamics
• Facial Features

17. E- MAIL
Advantages
o Send message in no time anywhere in the world
o For getting on & staying on the Internet
o Can be handled by a variety of programs
o Easy and inexpensive
o Increasingly used for both internal & external
corporates
o E-mail to fax & fax to e-mail is possible

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