The urinary system functions to: 1. Remove metabolic wastes, toxins, drugs, hormones, salts, and water from the blood through the kidneys. 2. The kidneys and ureters work to filter waste from the blood and transport it to the bladder for storage. 3. The bladder then stores urine until it can be eliminated through the urethra.

1. Urinary System
Compiled By Dr Shashikant
www.Imwellyoga.com
Akshara Family Clinic and Integrated Medical Center
IM WELL Health Care and Wellness Pvt Ltd
Whatsapp-+919945596822, Bangalore

2. Excretory System
• Respiratory system
– CO2, water
• Integumentary system
– Water, salts, lactic acid, urea
• Digestive system
– Water, salts, CO2, lipids, bile pigments, cholesterol, etc.
• Urinary system
– Metabolic wastes, toxins, drugs, hormones, salts, H+, water

3. Major Structures and Organs
• Kidneys- pair of glandular organs, which
remove, waste products from the blood to form
urine
• Ureters- muscular tubes which convey urine
from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
• Urinary Bladder- muscular sac that stores
urine until micturation can occur.
• Urethra- tube like structure which conveys
urine outside the body.

4. Function of the Urinary System
• The primary function of the urinary system is
to maintain homeostasis
• Regulate fluids and electrolytes
• Eliminate waste products
• Maintain BP
• Involved with RBC production
• Involved with bone metabolism

5. Kidney
• Located at the backside of abdominal cavity,
on either side of vertebral column
• Bean shape – Size- length 13cm, breadth
6cm,thichness 3cm
• Weight- 150gm

6. Functions of kidney
• Expulsion of waste products and toxins
• Maintenance of water level in body
• To maintain reaction of blood – Expulsion of
toxic medicine
• To maintain balance of salts and minerals

7. • Functional unit of kidney – Nephron
• 10,00,000 in each kidney
• Ureters – Starts from hilum up to urinary
bladder ,25cms long, 4mm wide – Carries
urine to urinary bladder by peristalsis

8. Urinary bladder
• Muscular bag
• In the pelvis anterior to rectum in case of male
• In the pelvis anterior to uterus in case of
female
• Collection of urine
• Sphincter of bladder voluntary control
• 300 to 900 ml storage capacity
• After 1000 ml voluntary control is lost

9. Urethra
• Male urethra passes through penis, length
25cm
• Female urethra opens anterior to vagina, length
2.5 cm

10. Urine
• Daily output 1200 to 1500 ml
• 95 % water, 5 % salts & organic matter
• Urea, uric acid, salts of potassium, magnesium
and calcium

18. Skin
• It is the largest organ
in the body, and covers at least 2 m.

19. Three Layers of Skin
• Epidermis (on the top). New cells are created in the lower
level and move towards the surface where they die (usually
cycle of 30 days). A layer of oil which helps to retain
water. That is why moisturizers play an essential role: they fill
in the space between dry cells making skin smoother; they
retain water; works as a coat protecting skin from the air.
Advice: since moisturizers makes difference in how your skin
works it is essential to choose the product carefully.
Moisturizers help you to hydrate skin making its surface more
smooth.

20. • Dermis (in the middle) 2 proteins: collagen
and elastin, determine skin structure, provides
with strength and flexibility. People loose
collagen with age as a result skin is less firm,
rougher, with more wrinkles, sagging. Sebum,
an oily substance is formed in glands. Too
much sebum results in oily skin.
• Hypodermis (on the bottom) consists of a fat
layer, blood vessels and nerves.

21. Functions of skin
• Protection from injury
• Sensation of touch
• Regulation of body temperature
• Absorption of oil, ointments
• Excretion
• Regulation of water balance
• Production of Vitamin D
• To keep the skin & hair smooth, silky & shin

22. Skin and its appendages