1. POLITICS OF ASIA PACIFIC
NORTH ASIAN REGIONS
PRESENTED TO: Ma’am Tatheer
PRESENTED BY:
Saim, Zain, Yasin, Hafeez, Reena, Natasha, Saba

2. ASIA-PACIFIC REGION(NORTH ASIA)

3. LOCATION :
• North Asia or Northern Asia, also referred to as Siberia, is the northern
region of Asia, which is defined in geographical terms and is coextensive
with the Asian part of Russia.
• Consists of three Russian regions east of the Ural Mountains: Ural, Siberia,
and the Russian Far East.
• North Asia is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to its north.
• Eastern Europe to its west.
• Central and East Asia to its south.
• Pacific Ocean and North America to its east.

4. • It covers an area of 13,100,000 square kilometres (5,100,000 sq. mi).
• Total GDP 400 B USD.
• Population 37.6 million (2010 census)
• 8.8% of Earth's total land area.
• Is the largest sub region of Asia by area.
• It is also the least populated, with a population of around 33 million,
accounting for merely 0.74% of Asia's population.
• North Asia consists Russia, Ural Mountains: Ural, Siberia,
Mongolia, Kazakhstan.

5. Russia

6. Kievan Rus’

7. Brief History:
• Kievan Rus’ (830-1268)
• 1223-1240 Mongol Invasion
• Grand Duchy of Moscow (1263-1547)
• Tsardom of Russia (1547-1721)
• Russian Empire (1721-1917)
• Soviet Union (1917-1991)
• Russian Federation (1991-Present) 17.1 million km²

8. Mongol Empire

9. Tsardom of Russia

10. Soviet Union

11. Demographics
• Age Expectancy (71.34)
• Population Density: 9 per Km2
• Gender Ratio (79 % Females , and 68 % Males)
• Russia Annual Household Income per Capita reached 7,932.623 USD in Dec 2022,
• Population: (As of January 1, 2022, 145.6 million, source; Statista)
• Religion: (Orthodox Christians:73%, non- Religious: 16%, Islam:10%,
Judaism:0.2)
• Ethnicity. (ethnic Russians, there are also other large ethnic groups. 3.9% of
Russians are Tartars, 1.4% Ukrainians, 1.2% Bashkirs, 1.1% Chuvashs and 1.0%
Chechens. 3.9% of the population did not declare any ethnic origin.)
• Literacy: ( 99.73% Males and 99.72% Females)
• Capital: Moscow( 10,381,222)

12. Ural MountainsUrals
• The Ural Mountains or simply the Urals, are a mountain range in Eurasia that runs north-
south mostly through Russia, from the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the river Ural and
northwestern Kazakhstan. The mountain range forms part of the conventional boundary
between the regions of Europe and Asia. Vaygach Island and the islands of Novaya Zemlya
form a further continuation of the chain to the north into the Arctic Ocean. The average
altitudes of the Urals are around 1,000–1,300 metres (3,300–4,300 ft), the highest point
being Mount Narodnaya, which reaches a height of 1,894 metres (6,214 ft).
• The mountains lie within the Ural geographical region and significantly overlap with the
Ural Federal District and the Ural economic region. Their resources include metal ores, coal,
and precious and semi-precious stones. Since the 18th century the mountains have
contributed significantly to the mineral sector of the Russian economy. The region is one of
the largest centres of metallurgy and heavy industry production in Russia.

13. Siberia
• Siberia is an extensive geographical region, constituting all of North Asia, from the Ural
Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has been a part of Russia since the
latter half of the 16th century, after the Russians conquered lands east of the Ural Mountains.
Siberia is vast and sparsely populated, covering an area of over 13.1 million square
kilometres (5,100,000 sq mi), but home to merely one-fifth of Russia's population.
Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, and Omsk are the largest cities in the region.
• Because Siberia is a geographic and historic region and not a political entity, there is no
single precise definition of its territorial borders. Traditionally, Siberia extends eastwards
from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, and includes most of the drainage basin of the
Arctic Ocean. The river Yenisey divides Siberia into two parts, Western and Eastern. Siberia
stretches southwards from the Arctic Ocean to the hills of north-central Kazakhstan and to
the northern parts of Mongolia and China.
• The central part of Siberia (West and East Siberian economic regions) was considered the
core part of the region in the Soviet Union. Beyond the core, Siberia's western part includes
some territories of the Ural region.

14. Russian Far East
The Russian Far East is a region in Northeast Asia. It is the easternmost part of Russia
and the Asian continent; and is administered as part of the Far Eastern Federal
District, which is located between Lake Baikal in eastern Siberia and the Pacific
Ocean.
The area's largest city is Khabarovsk, followed by Vladivostok. The region shares land
borders with the countries of Mongolia, China, and North Korea to its south, as well
as maritime boundaries with Japan to its southeast, and with the United States along
the Bering Strait to its northeast.

15. Russia makes up North Asia and is bordered
by the Arctic and Pacific Oceans.

16. Political System
• Russia is a federal Presidential Republic
• The Constitution was adopted by national referendum on December 12, 1993
• The executive power is split between the President and the Prime Minister, but the
President is the dominant figure.
• The legislature is represented by the Federal Assembly of Russia.
• It has two chambers: the State Duma – the lower house (cr. 1906, bounce back
in1993), and the Federation Council – the upper house( cr. 1993).
• The judicial power is vested in courts and administered by the Ministry of Justice.

17. Economy
• 11th great Economy in the world in terms of GDP (current US$), the number 13 in
total exports, the number 21 in total imports, the number 78 economy in terms of
GDP per capita (current US$) and the number 43 most complex economy according
to the Economic Complexity Index (ECI).
• The Geography of Russia is also significant for its economy, Russia borders
Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia,
Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, and North Korea by land and United
States and Japan by sea.

18. Trade
Trade is relatively important to the Russian economy: the ratio of Russia’s goods
trade (exports plus imports) to GDP has averaged about 40% in recent years,
compared to 20% for the United States.
• EXPORTS
• The top exports of Russia are Crude Petroleum ($74.4B), Refined Petroleum
($48B), Petroleum Gas ($19.7B), Gold ($18.7B), and Coal Briquettes ($14.5B),
exporting mostly to China ($49.3B), United Kingdom ($25.3B), Netherlands
($22.5B), Belarus ($15.8B), and Germany ($14.2B).
• In 2020, Russia was the world's biggest exporter of Wheat ($10.1B), Semi-Finished
Iron ($4.5B), Non-fillet Frozen Fish ($2.58B), Raw Nickel ($2.26B), and Pig Iron
($1.34B)

19. • IMPORTS
• The top imports of Russia are Cars ($7.75B), Motor vehicles; parts and accessories
(8701 to 8705) ($7.28B), Broadcasting Equipment ($7.15B), Packaged
Medicaments ($7.06B), and Computers ($4.1B), importing mostly from China
($50.7B), Germany ($26.1B), Belarus ($12.8B), South Korea ($7.93B), and Italy
($7.71B).
• In 2020, Russia was the world's biggest importer of Aluminium Oxide ($1.38B),
Precipitated Copper ($525M), Refractory Cements ($164M), Wallpaper ($138M),
and Hydraulic Turbines ($74.8M)

20. History
• Kazakhstan was originally inhabited by nomadic tribes. In the 13th
century the land was invaded by the Mongol Empire and became
territories of the Kazakh Khanate. During this time the cities of
Taraz and Turkestan were established as trade cities along the
Great Silk Road. When the Kazakh Khanate began to break up in the
1700s, the area began to be colonized by the Russian Empire. After
the fall of the Russian Empire, the Kazakhs experienced a brief time
of independence, but soon became part of the Soviet Union. In 1953,
Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev started the Virgin Lands program.
This was an effort to take Kasakhstan's agricultural based economy
and industrialize it.
In 1991 with the fall of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan became an
independent nation. The country has since made great strides in
developing a market economy and has had strong economic growth
since 2000.
KAZAKHSTAN

21. KAZAKHSTAN (DECEMBER 16, 1991)
Location;
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is
a transcontinental country located mainly in Central
Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It
borders Russia to the north and west, China to the
east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbekistan to the
south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest, with a
coastline along the Caspian Sea.
Geography
Kazakhstan is located in Central Asia. With an area of
about 2,724,900 square kilometers Kazakhstan is more
than twice the combined size of the other four Central
Asian states and 60% larger than Alaska
Kazakhstan's surface is covered by 26% desert, 44%
semi-desert, 6% forest and 24% steppe terrain, in
addition to a few other landscapes.

22. KAZAKHSTAN
Natural Resources:
• Kazakhstan has an abundant supply of accessible mineral and fossil
fuel resources. Development of petroleum, natural gas, and mineral
extractions has attracted most of the over $40 billion in foreign
investment in Kazakhstan since 1993 According to some estimates ,
Kazakhstan has the second largest uranium, chromium, lead,
and zinc reserves; the third largest manganese reserves; the fifth
largest copper reserves; and ranks in the top ten for coal, iron, and
gold.
Population:
The current population of Kazakhstan is 19,370,447 as of Saturday,
February 25, 2023, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest
United Nations data.
Capital:
• Astana
51°10′N 71°26′E , Largest city
• Almaty
43°16′39″N 76°53′45″E

23. KAZAKHSTAN
Economy
• GDP growth rate: 4.3% annual change (2021) World Bank
• Gross domestic product: 197.1 billion USD (2021) World Bank
• GDP per capita: 10,373.79 USD (2021) World Bank
• Gross national income: 478.2 billion PPP dollars (2021) World Bank
• GNI per capita: 25,160 PPP dollars (2021) World Bank
• Internet users: 90.9% of the population (2021) World Bank
• Currency: Kazakhstani Tennge
Politics: The Republic of Kazakhstan is a unitary state
with the presidential system of government.
Chief of State:
President TKasym-Zhomart okayev
Head of Government:
Prime Minister Alikhan Smailov

24. NORTH KAZAKHSTAN
• North Kazakhstan Region is a region of
Kazakhstan, with a population of 539 111.
Its capital is Petropavl, with a population
of 193,300 people.
• Area: 97,993 km²
• Founded: July 29, 1936
• Capital: Petropavl
• Population: 193,300
• Economy:

25. MONGOLIA
History
The Mongols constitute one of the principal ethnographic divisions of Asian
peoples. Their traditional homeland is centred in Mongolia—a vast plateau
in Central Asia now divided politically into an autonomous region of China (Inner
Mongolia) and the independent country Mongolia (historically called Outer
Mongolia)—which lies at the eastern end of what was throughout history a great
corridor of migration between northeastern China (historically called Manchuria)
and Hungary. Physical anthropologists in the 19th century introduced the
terms Mongol and Mongolian as descriptive of “racial type” even though the
Mongols exhibited a wide range of physical characteristics. Today the Mongols
are recognized as a group of peoples bound together by a common language and a
common nomadic tradition.

26. MONGOLIA
Location
Mongolia is located in Asia between Russia to the
north and China to the south. Situated on mountains
and plateaus, it is one of the world's highest countries
with elevation averaging 5,180 feet (1,580 meters).
Mongolia is 435 miles (700 kilometers) from the
Yellow Sea.
Geography
Its remarkable variety of scenery consists
largely of upland steppes, semideserts, and
deserts, although in the west and north
forested high mountain ranges alternate
with lake-dotted basins. Mongolia is largely
a plateau, with an average elevation of about
5,180 feet (1,580 metres) above sea level.

27. MONGOLIA
Natural Resources
Mongolia's economy, traditionally based on herding and agriculture, has
transformed into an economy focused more on extractive industries,
spurred on by significant investment in Mongolia by foreign enterprises.
Mongolia has extensive deposits of copper, gold, coal, molybdenum,
fluorsparr, uranium, tin, and tungsten
Population
The current population of Mongolia is 3,417,743 as of Friday, February
24, 2023, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations
data. Mongolia 2020 population is estimated at 3,278,290 people at mid
year according to UN data.
Capital
Ulaanbaatar is the capital of Mongolia. It’s in the Tuul River valley,
bordering the Bogd Khan Uul National Park

28. MONGOLIA
Economy Politics of Mongolia takes place in a
framework of a semi-presidential multi-
party representative democracy. Executive
power is exercised by the Prime Minister, who is
the head of government, and the Cabinet.
The President is the head of state, but holds
limited authority over the executive branch of the
government, unlike full presidential republics like
the United States. Legislative power is vested in
parliament. The Judiciary is independent of the
executive and the legislature.
President of Mongolia
Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh
Prime minister
Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene

29. KAZAKHSTAN
Natural Resources:
 Fuel
 Petroleum
 Gas
 Minerals
 Uranium
 Lead
 Zinc
 Iron
 Gold
RUSSIA
Natural Resources:
 Oil
 Gas
 Coal
 Metals
 Chemicals
 Iron
 Lead
 Diamonds
MANGOLIA
Natural Resources:
 Copper
 Gold
 Coal
 Uranium
 Tin
 Tungsten

30. KAZAKHSTAN
GDP :
4.3%
Gross Domestic products
:
197.1 B USD
National Income :
478.2 B USD
Population :
1,93,70,447
RUSSIA
GDP :
2.1%
Gross Domestic products :
2.133 T USD
National Income :
478.2 B USD
Population :
1,93,70,447
MANGOLIA
GDP :
4.9%
Gross Domestic products :
15.72 B USD
National Income :
4.678 T USD
Population :
14,71,82,123

31. KAZAKHSTAN
IMPORTS:
38 B USD
Machinery, Metal products,
Food stuffs.
EXPORTS:
58 B USD
Oil, Gas, Wool, Meat,
Coal, Chemicals.
RUSSIA
IMPORTS:
293.5 B USD
Cars, Vehicle parts,
Medicine, Aircraft,
Computers, Broadcasting
Equipment.
EXPORTS:
492.3 B USD
Petroleum, Coal, Oil, Gas,
Wheat, Iron.
MANGOLIA
IMPORTS:
4.34 B USD
Machinery and equipment,
Fuel, Cars, Chemicals,
Building martials, Food
stuffs.
EXPORTS:
5.83B USD
Copper, Live stock, Wool,
Metals, Coal, Oil.

32. ANY QUESTION