lubricants

1. • Lubrication:
– The process of reducing friction between
moving surfaces
Lubrication
•Friction:
–Resistance created
when one surface
rubs on another
–Slows movement of parts
–Generates heat
–Increases wear
–Events: particles - expansion - seizure

2. Lubrication
• Forms of lubricants
– Dry (powder)
– Semi dry (grease)
– Viscous (oil)
• Function of engine oil
– Lubricate
– Clean
– Cool
– Cushion
– Seal

3. Lubrication
• SAE Society of Automotive Engineers
• Viscosity
The ability of liquid to resist flowing
• SAE Index / Viscosity Index
– Listing of viscosities
• Examples of viscosities (weights)
– 10w 20w 30w 40w 50w 60w 80-90w
– 5w30 10w30 10w40 20w50

4. Lubrication
• SAE Viscosity / Grade 5W30 and 30

5. Lubrication
• SAE Viscosity / Grade 5W30 and 10W30

6. LUBRICATION
• A.P.I.
– American Petroleum Institute
– Service index
• List of ratings determining oil application (SJ)
• Service manual / oil application / climate
• Oil additives improve oil performance
– Detergents
– Anti-rust / Anti-corrosion
– Oxidation inhibitors
– Anti-foam
– Dispersant

7. LUBRICATION
• A.P.I. American Petroleum Institute
– Service index
• List of ratings determining oil application (SJ)

8. LUBRICATION
• Types of lubricating systems
– Four cycle systems reuse oil
– Two cycle systems burn oil with fuel
– Two and Four cycle systems oils CAN NOT
be interchanged

9. LUBRICATION
Four cycle lubricating systems
– Splash dipper

10. LUBRICATION
Four cycle lubricating systems
– Splash dipper

11. LUBRICATION
• Four cycle lubricating systems
– Splash Paddle Wheel

12. LUBRICATION
Four cycle lubricating systems
– Barrel Pump

13. LUBRICATION
Four cycle lubricating systems
– Barrel Pump

14. LUBRICATION
• Four cycle lubricating systems
– Positive displacement Pump

15. LUBRICATION
• Four cycle lubricating systems
– Full flow system
– Positive displacement Pump

16. LUBRICATION
• Two cycle lubricating systems (Total loss)
– Premix gas and oil
– Oil injection

17. LUBRICATION
• Two cycle lubricating mixtures
– Mixture ratio - amount of gasoline to oil
– Examples: 16:1 32:1 40:1 50:1

18. LUBRICATION
• How oil gets
dirty.
– Blow – by
gasses
– Particles from
engine parts
– Dirt from
checking oil
levels

19. LUBRICATION
• Changing
engine oil and
filter
– To reduce wear
– Cars 3 mos. or
3000mi.
– Small engines
30 – 50 hrs. or
each season