This document discusses two types of inflation: demand-pull inflation and cost-push inflation. Demand-pull inflation occurs when demand for goods and services exceeds limited supply, and is caused by factors like increased money supply and credit, public spending, taxes, and private expenditures. Cost-push inflation happens when aggregate demand exceeds aggregate supply due to rising production costs, such as increased wages, taxes, profits, and interest rates. The document also outlines methods for measuring inflation rates, such as the consumer price index and GDP deflator.