13. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
Persistent or recurrent cough with purulent sputum.
Hemoptysis
Initiating episode: Severe pneumonia, or insidious onset of
symptoms or asymptomatic or non-productive cough – dry
bronchiectasis in upper lobe,
Dyspnea, wheezing – widespread bronchiectasis or underlying
COPD.
Exacerbation of infection: Sputum volume increase, purulence
or blood.
14. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Any combination of rhonchi, crepitations or wheezes.
Clubbing of digits.
Chronic hypoxemia cor pulmonale R heart failure
Amyloidosis (rare)
21. CT signs of bronchiectasis
•Signet ring sign (broncho-arterial ratio>1).
•Lack of bronchial tapering.
•Abnormal bronchial contour.
•Visibility of peripheral air ways.
Specific
findings of
bronchial
dilatation
• Peribronchial cuffing (thickened hazy bronchial wall).
• Finger in glove opacities (mucus filled bronchi).
• Multiple air fluid levels (fluid filled bronchi).
Non
specific
findings
• Mosaic perfusion.
• Air trapping.
• Tree in bud opacities.
Ancillary
findings of
small air
way disease
22. •Signet ring sign (broncho-arterial ratio > 1).
•Lack of bronchial tapering.
•Abnormal bronchial contour.
•Visibility of peripheral air ways.
Specific
findings
of
bronchial
dilatation