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ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
TIME TENSES
PRESENT SIMPLE
USES
1. Para hablar de cosas en general, cosas que siempre son ciertas.
Nurses look after patients in hospitals.
2. Para hablar de cosas que suceden siempre o repetidamente.
I usually go away at weekends
3. Para hablar cada cuanto hacemos algo. Recuerda que usamos los adverbios de frecuencia.
Always, sometimes, never, usually à Dependiendo del verbo se colocan en una
posición o en otra. Si en la oración está el verbo “TO BE”, el adverbio tiene que ir detrás del
éste. Si el verbo es cualquier otro, el adverbio se colocará detrás del verbo.
Once a year, twice a week, three times a day à Estos siempre van al final de la
oración.
How often à Se usa en preguntas.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I study I don’t study Do I study?
You study You don’t study Do you study?
He studies He doesn’t study Does he study?
She studies She doesn’t study Does she study?
It studies It doesn’t study Does it study?
We study We don’t study Do we study?
You study You don’t study Do you study?
They study They don’t study Do they study?
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
EXERCISE 1: Complete the sentences using the following verbs:
1. Tanya _____________________ German very well.
2. I don’t often _________________ coffee.
3. The swimming pool _________________ at 7:30 every morning.
4. Bad driving _________________ many accidents.
5. My parents _________________ in a very small flat.
6. The Olympics Games _________________ place every four years.
7. The Panama Canal ________________ the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
EXERCISE 2: Put the verb into the correct form.
1. Julie ___________________________________________ (not/drink) tea very often.
2. What time _________________________________________ (the banks/close) here?
3. I’ve got a computer, but I _______________________________ (not/use) it much.
4. Where _____________________________________________ (Martin/come) from?
5. What ________________________________________ (you/do)?
6. It ______________ (take) me an hour to get work. How long _____________________
_______________ (it/take) you?
7. Look at this sentence. What _______________________________ (this word/mean)?
8. David isn’t very fit. He _________________________________ (not/do) any sport.
EXERCISE 3: Use the following verbs to complete the sentences. Sometimes you
need the negative:
1. The earth _____________________ round the sun.
2. Rice ________________________ in Britain.
3. The sun ________________________ in the east.
4. Bees __________________________ honey.
5. Vegetarians __________________________ meat.
6. An atheist _________________________ in God.
7. An interpreter ______________________ from one language to another.
8. Liars are people who _________________________ the truth.
9. The River Amazon __________________________ into the Atlantic Ocean.
Cause – connect – drink – live – open – speak – take
not believe – not eat – flow – go – not grow – make – rise – not tell - translate
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
USES
1. Para hablar de acciones en proceso en el momento en que estás hablando.
She is driving to work.
2. Para hablar de cosas temporales.
My sister has her own house, but she is living at home now.
3. Para hablar de planes en el futuro.
4. Para hablar de acciones que se van desarrollando gradualmente.
It is getting darker and darker.
5. Usamos el present continuous con today/this week/this year.
You are working hard today.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I’m driving I’m not driving Am I driving?
You’re driving You aren’t driving Are you driving?
He’s driving He isn’t driving Is he driving?
She’s driving She isn’t driving Is she driving?
It’s driving It isn’t driving Is it driving?
We’re driving We aren’t driving Are we driving?
You’re driving You aren’t driving Are you driving?
They’re driving They aren’t driving Are they driving?
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
EXERCISE 1: Complete the sentences with the following verbs in the correct form.
1. You ___________________________ hard today.
2. I _____________________________ for Christine. Do you know where she is?
3. It _____________________________ dark. Shall I turn the light?
4. They don’t have anywhere to live at the moment. They __________________________
with friends until they find somewhere.
5. Things are not so good at work. The company ____________________________ money.
6. Have you got an umbrella? It ____________________________ to rain.
7. You __________________________ a lot of noise. Can you be quieter? I __________
_______________ to concentrate.
8. Why are all these people here? What ________________________________?
EXECISE 2: Put the verb into the correct form. Sometimes you need the negative.
1. Please don’t make so much noise. I ____________________________ (try) to work.
2. Let’s go out now. It _________________________ (rain) any more.
3. You can turn off the radio. I ___________________________ (not/listen) to it.
4. Kate phoned me last night. She’s on holiday in France. She ________________________
(have) a great time and doesn’t want to come back.
5. I want to lose weight, so this week I _____________________________ (not/eat) lunch.
6. Andrew has just started evening classes. He _______________________ (learn) German.
7. Paul and Sally have had an argument. They __________________________ (speak) to
each other.
8. I _____________________________ (get) tired. I need a rest.
9. Tim _______________________________ (not/work) this week. He’s on holiday.
PRESENT SIMPLE AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS
EXERCISE 3: Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct them where
necessary.
1. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. ______________________
2. The water boils. Can you turn it off? ______________________
3. Look! That man tries to open the door of your car. ______________________
4. Can you hear those people? What do they talk about? ______________________
5. The moon goes round the earth in about 27 days. ______________________
Get – happen – look – make – start – stay – try - work
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
6. I must go now. It gets late. ______________________
7. I usually go to work by car. ______________________
8. “Hurry up! It’s time to leave”. “Ok, I come” ______________________
9. I hear you’ve got a new job. How do you get on? ______________________
10. Paul is never late. He’s always getting to work on time. ______________________
11. They don’t get on well. They’re always arguing. ______________________
EXERCISE 4: Put the verb into the correct form, present continuous or present
simple.
1. Let’s go out. It ____________________________ (not/rain) now.
2. Julia is very good at languages. She _________________ (speak) four languages very well.
3. Hurry up! Everybody ________________________ (wait) for you.
4. “______________________ (you/listen) to the radio?” “No, you can turn it off”.
5. “______________________ (you listen) to the radio every day?” “No, just occasionally”.
6. The River Nile _______________________ (flow) into the Mediterranean.
7. The river _________________________ (flow) very fast today – much faster than usual.
8. We usually ______________________ (grow) vegetables in our garden, but this year we
______________________ (not/grow) any.
9. A: How’s your English?
B: Not bad. I think it ______________________________ (improve) slowly.
10. Rachel is in London at the moment. She _____________________________ (stay) at
the Park Hotel. She always ______________________ (stay) there when she’s in London.
11. Can we stop walking soon? I __________________________ (start) to feel tired.
12. A: Can you drive?
B: I ___________________________ (learn). My father ______________________
(teach) me.
13. Normally I __________________________ (finish) work at five, but this week I
_____________________ (work) until six to earn a little more money.
14. My parents _________________________ (live) in Manchester. They were born there
and have never lived anywhere else. Where ___________________________________
(your parents/live)?
15. Sonia ____________________________ (look) for a place to live. She ____________
______________ (stay) with her sister until she finds somewhere.
16. I usually ___________________________ (enjoy) parties, but I _________________
_____________ (not/enjoy) this one very much.
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
PAST SIMPLE
USES
1. Para hablar de acciones ocurridas y terminadas en el pasado.
We watched that film.
2. Para decir que se hizo en un momento concreto.
They went home yesterday.
3. Explicar acciones pasadas que han ocurrido de forma consecutiva.
I visited the Tower. Then I went to the museum.
4. Explicar como eran las cosas en otro tiempo.
In the past, people worked more hours.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs
I walked I saw I didn’t walk I didn’t see Did I walk? Did I see?
You walked You saw You didn’t walk You didn’t see Did you walk? Did you see?
He walked He saw He didn’t walk He didn’t see Did he walk? Did he see?
She walked She saw She didn’t walk She didn’t see Did she walk? Did she see?
It walked It saw It didn’t walk It didn’t see Did it walk? Did it see?
We walked We saw We didn’t walk We didn’t see Did we walk? Did we see?
You walked You saw You didn’t walk You didn’t see Did you walk? Did you see?
They walked They saw They didn’t walk They didn’t see Did they walk? Did they see?
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
EXERCISE 1: Read what Laura says about a typical working day:
Yesterday was a typical working day for Laura. Write what she did or didn’t do
yesterday.
1. She got up at 7 o’clock.
2. She _________________________ a big breakfast.
3. She _________________________
4. It _______________________________________ to get to work.
5. _____________________________ at 8:45.
6. _____________________________ lunch.
7. _____________________________ at 5 o’clock.
8. ____________________ tired when she ______________ home.
9. ____________________ a meal yesterday evening.
10. ____________________ out yesterday evening.
11. ____________________ at 11 o’clock.
12. _____________________ well last night.
EXERCISE 2: Complete the sentences. Put the verb into the correct form.
1. It was warm, so I ___________________ (take) off my coat.
2. The film wasn’t very good. I ______________________ (not/enjoy) it very much.
3. I knew Sarah was very busy, so I _______________________ (not/disturb) her.
4. I was very tired, so I _____________________ (leave) the party early.
5. The bed was very uncomfortable. I _________________________ (not/sleep) very well.
6. The window was open and a bird ______________________ (fly) into the room.
7. The hotel wasn’t very expensive. It ______________________ (not/cost) very much.
8. I was in a hurry, so I _______________________ (not/have) time to phone you.
9. It was hard carrying the bags. They _________________ (be) very heavy.
I usually get up at 7 o’clock and have a big breakfast. I
walk to work, which takes me about half an hour. I start
work at 8:45 I never have lunch. I finish work at 5
o’clock. I’m always tired when I get home. I usually cook
a meal in the evening. I don’t usually go out. I go to
bed at about 11 o’clock, and I always sleep well.
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
PAST CONTINUOUS
USES
1. Para expresar algo que estaba sucediendo en el pasado.
Yesterday at half past seven, I was driving to work.
2. Para describir dos o más acciones prolongadas y simultáneas en el pasado, unidas por WHILE
o AS.
They were talking to me while I was studying.
CONTRAST PAST SIMPLE AND PAST CONTINUOUS
• El pasado simple indica una acción que tuvo lugar y acabó en el tiempo indicado en la frase,
mientras que el pasado continuo habla de acciones prolongadas que estaban sucediendo en el
pasado.
Columbus sailed to America in 1942.
(Colón navegó hacia a América en 1492)
I was sailing on a yacht last summer.
(Yo estuve navegando en un yate el verano pasado)
• Con el pasado simple se acostumbra a usar WHEN y con el pasado continuo las conjunciones
WHILE o AS.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I was driving I wasn’t driving Was I driving?
You were driving You weren’t driving Were you driving?
He was driving He wasn’t driving Was he driving?
She was driving She wasn’t driving Was she driving?
It was driving It wasn’t driving Was it driving?
We were driving We weren’t driving Were we driving?
You were driving You weren’t driving Were you driving?
They were driving They weren’t driving Were they driving?
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
EXERCISE 1: What ere Jake’s family doing last Saturday at ten o’clock in the
morning? Complete the sentences with the verbs below.
drive – drink – sail – swim – ride - walk
1. Mum and Dad ____________________________ in the pool.
2. My brother John __________________________ a jeep down a hill.
3. My sister and I ___________________________ horses along the beach.
4. Grandmother ___________________________ on the beach with his dog.
5. Grandfather _________________________ coffee in a café.
6. Aunt Carol and Uncle Peter ________________________ on a yacht.
PAST SIMPLE AND PAST CONTINUOUS
EXERCISE 2: Complete the conversations. Use was/were, the past simple or the
past continuous.
1. POLICE OFFICER: What _________________ (you / do) when the accident ___________
(happen)?
COLLIN: I ___________ at the bus stop. I ______________________ (wait) for the bus.
POLICE OFFICER: ____________________________ (you / see) the accident?
COLLIN: No, because I ___________________________ (read) the newspaper.
2. NICOLA: I __________ (telephone) you at 9 o’clock last night, but you ________ at home.
MARTIN: 9 o’clock? I _________________ (sit) in a café, ____________ (drink) hot
chocolate.
NICOLA: ________________ Jane with you?
MARTIN: No, she _________________________ (work) in the library.
NICOLA: Where _________________________ (you / go) after the café?
MARTIN: I ___________________ (go) home.
3. MUM: Oh no! My beautiful cup! What happened?
ANGIE: I’m really sorry, Mum. I _____________ (break) it when I ___________ (wash) it.
MUM: how?
ANGIE: My hands ________ wet and I ______________________ (drop) in on the floor.
4. SOPHIE: ____________________ (you / think) yesterday’s exam ___________ difficult?
EDDIE: No, not really, but I _________________________ (not / write) very much.
SOPHIE: Why not?
EDDIE: Because I _____________________ (study) so much.
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
5. ANDREW: There ______________ a crash outside my house yesterday.
MAGGIE: What happened?
ANDREW: I don’t know. It __________________ (rain), but the two drivers
_________________ (not / go) too fast.
SOPHIE: ________________ they hurt?
ANDREW: One man ________________ (break) his arm and the other man
______________ (cut) his hand.
6. TRACEY: Pardon? I didn’t hear you. Could you say that again, please?
DAVE: I ___________________ (not / talking) to you.
TRACEY: Who _________________ (you / talk) to?
DAVE: Sarah.
TRACEY: Oh, sorry.
EXERCISE 4: Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets into the correct
tense Past Simple or Past Continuous.
1. It _____________________ (snow) when I __________________________ (leave)
home this morning.
2. It was sunny afternoon and people ___________________ (sit) on the grass in the park.
Then suddenly it ____________________ (start) to rain.
3. My brother _____________________ (talk) on the phone when I ________________
(arrive), but when he _____________________ (see) me, he _________________
(finish) the call.
4. I nearly had an accident today. A car _________________ (come) towards me, but I moved
quickly out of the way and fortunately nothing _____________________ (happen)
5. I _______________ (move) to Hastings in 1999. I __________________ (live) there
when I _______________ (meet) them.
6. ________________________ (how many / people / wait) for the 9:15 bus last night?
7. I ______________________ (dance) with my boyfriend when the disc jockey _________
(play) our favourite song.
8. When I ____________________ (arrive) at the cinema, my friends _______________
(wait) for me.
9. ____________________ (you / listen) to the teacher when she _________________
(explain) this exercise?
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
10. Susan ______________________ (play) the piano while Mary ________________
(sing)
11. Susan __________________ (fall) asleep while she ____________________ (do) her
homework.
12. I ____________________ (want) to visit you last night, but you __________________
(not / be) at home. What _____________________________ (you / do) at about 8 pm?
13. It _______________________ (start) when we ____________________ (play) in the
garden.
14. When Sara ___________________ (come) home she ___________________ (do) her
homework.
15. While Mr & Ms Brown ________________________ (talk) to Troy’s teacher, their son
_____________________ (wait) outside.
16. Jenny _______________________ (wait) for me when I _______________________
(arrive).
17. What ________________________ (you /do) at this time yesterday?
18. ______________________________ (you /go) out last night?
19. How fast ____________________ (you /drive) when the accident _________________
(happen)?
20. Last night I _______________________ (drop) a plate when I __________________
(do) the washing up. Fortunately it _________________________ (not break).
21. When I was young, I _________________________ (want) to be a pilot.
22. I ______________________ (walk) along the street when suddenly I ______________
(hear) footsteps behind me. Somebody ______________________ (follow) me. I was
scared and I ______________________ (start) to run.
23. Sam ______________________ (take) a photograph of me while I _______________
(not look)
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
PRESENT PERFECT
USES
1. Acciones que empezaron en el pasado y aún continúan (lleva for o since y se traduce en
presente)
He has worked here since 1999.
2. Acciones pasadas que afectan al presente o tienen consecuencias en el momento actual.
I have finished. I’m bored now.
3. Acciones pasadas sin especificar cuándo ocurrieron.
They have enjoyed their holiday.
4. Acciones muy recientes (lleva jsut y se traduce por “acabar de”+ infinitivo)
The train has just left the station.
TEMPORAL EXPRESSIONS AND ADVERBS
EVER: Alguna vez (interrogativa). Have you ever travelled abroad?
Nunca, jamás (negativa). I haven’t ever watched that film.
NEVER: Nunca (afirmativa). She has never called me.
ALWAYS: Siempre. You have always been her friend.
ALREADY: Ya (afirmativa). We have already finished the exam.
JUST: Acabar de (afirmativa). They have just arrived here.
YET: Todavía, aún (negativa). He hasn’t foun his glasses yet.
Ya (interrogativa). Have you bought some fruit yet?
FOR: Durante (o no se traduce). My brother has lived in Manchester for five years.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs
I have worked I have seen I haven’t worked I haven’t seen Have I worked? Have I seen?
You have worked You have seen You haven’t worked You haven’t seen Have you worked? Have you seen?
He has worked He has seen He hasn’t worked He hasn’t seen Has he worked? Has he seen?
She has worked She has seen She hasn’t worked She hasn’t seen Has she worked? Has she seen?
It has worked It has seen It hasn’t worked It hasn’t seen Has it worked? Has it seen?
We have worked We have seen We haven’t worked We haven’t seen Have we worked? Have we seen?
You have worked You have seen You haven’t worked You haven’t seen Have you worked? Have you seen?
They have worked They have seen They haven’t worked They haven’t seen Have they worked? Have the seen?
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
SINCE: Desde. I haven’t heard from him since 2002.
RECENTLY: Recientemente. Has Lisa talked to you recently?
LATELY: Últimamente. Jim hasn’t been to the gym lately.
SEVERAL TIMES: Varias veces. They have worked for us several times.
SO FAR: Hasta el momento. How long has your assignment taken you so far?
CONTRAST PAST SIMPLE AND PRESENT PERFECT
El Present Perfect indica que lo ocurrido en el pasado guarda relación con el presente, aunque no
se especifica cuando sucedió. En cambio, el Past Simple habla de acciones pasadas que ya no
afectan al momento actual e indica cuándo ocurrieron, con expresiones de tiempo tales como
yesterday, last night…
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
EXERCISE 1: Read the situations and write sentences. Use the following verbs:
1. Tom is looking for his key. He can’t find it. He __________________________
2. Margaret can’t walk and her leg is in plaster. She _________________________
3. Last week the bus fare was 80 pence. Now it is 90. The bus fare ___________________
4. Maria’s English wasn’t very good. Now it is better. Her English ____________________
5. Dan didn’t have a beard before. No he has a beard. He __________________________
6. This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it. The letter _____________________
7. The temperature was 20 degrees. Now it is only 12. The _________________________
EXERCISE 2: Complete B’s sentences. Use the verb in brackets + just / already /
yet.
arrive – break – fall – go up – grow – improve – lose
1. Would you like something to eat?
2. Do you know where Julia is?
3. What time is David leaving?
4. What’s in the newspaper today?
5. Is Sue coming to the cinema with us?
6. Are you friend here yet?
7. What does Tim think about your plan?
1. No, thanks. _______________________________________ (I / just / have / lunch).
2. Yes, ____________________________________________ (I / just / see / her).
3. ________________________________________________ (He / already / leave).
4. I don’t know. _______________________________________ (I / not / read / yet).
5. No, _______________________________________ (She / already / see / the film).
6. Yes, _______________________________________ (They / just / arrive)
7. ____________________________________________ (We / not / tell / him yet)
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
EXERCISE 3: Complete each sentence with a time word or phrase from the box.
yet – for – since – often – ever – never – already – so far – just – always
a) Luis has lived in the city centre ________________ 1996.
b) Thanks for the present! I’ve __________________ wanted a pet goldfish!
c) Have you ____________ drunk pineapple juice? It’s fantastic!
d) I’ve _____________ heard some fantastic news! I’ve passed my exams!
e) Hurry up! Haven’t you finished _______________? You’re so slow!
f) Nina has worked in this company _____________ five years.
g) I’ve _____________ been on a big ship before. It’s an interesting experience!
h) We’re very busy today. _____________ we’ve sold over a hundred bikes.
i) I’ve _____________ passed this building, but this is the first time I’ve been inside.
j) Can I have a different book? I’ve ______________ read this one.
PAST SIMPLE AND PRESENT PERFECT
EXERCISE 1: Put each verb in brackets into either the present perfect, past
simple or present simple.
a) Last week I (lose) __________________________ my scarf, and now I (just lose)
_______________________ my gloves.
b) I (work) __________________________ for Blue Bank at the moment but I (decide)
_________________________ to change jobs.
c) We (be) _________________________ here for hours. Are you sure we (come)
_________________________ to the right place?
d) (you / see) __________________________________ my calculator? I’m sure I (leave)
___________________________ it here earlier.
e) We (have) ________________________________ some coffee and then (catch)
_________________________ the bus home.
f) I (never eat) _______________________________ octopus, but once on holiday I (eat)
__________________________ some squid.
g) I (hope) _________________________________ you aren’t a vegetarian. I (cook)
__________________________ you some lamb chops.
h) Recently a lot of young people (take up) _______________________________ kite
surfing.
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
i) When we (reach) ____________________________ the cinema, there (not be)
_______________________ any tickets left.
j) Please come quickly! Nick (have) _________________________ an accident, and he
(go) ________________________ to the hospital.
EXERCISE 2: Underline the correct word or phrase in each sentence.
a) I lived here / I’ve lived here since the end of the last year.
b) I’m afraid the last train left / has left an hour ago.
c) Someone stole / has just stolen my bicycle.
d) Thank you for you offer but I decided / I’ve decided not to accept.
e) Yesterday I lost / I’ve lost my wallet.
f) Take you umbrella with you. It started / It’s started raining.
g) We’re enjoying our trio. We visited / We’ve visited two countries so far.
h) This was / has been a busy day and it isn’t over yet!
i) I feel really tired. We went / We’ve been to a party last night.
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
USED TO
USES
1. Expresa hechos o estados que eran habituales en otro tiempo y luego dejaron de serlo. Solo
tiene la forma de pasado y va seguido de otro verbo en la forma de infinitivo. Se traduce por
“Soler + el verbo que le sigue”.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I used to sleep I didn’t use to sleep Did I use to sleep?
You used to sleep You didn’t use to sleep Did you use to sleep?
He used to sleep He didn’t use to sleep Did he use to sleep?
She used to sleep She didn’t use to sleep Did she use to sleep?
It used to sleep It didn’t use to sleep Did it use to sleep?
We used to sleep We didn’t use to sleep Did we use to sleep?
You used to sleep You didn’t use to sleep Did you use to sleep?
They used to sleep They didn’t use to sleep Did they use to sleep?
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
EXERCISE 1: Complete the sentences with use(d) to + a suitable verb.
1. Diane doesn’t travel much now. She __________________________ a lot, but she prefer
to stay at home these days.
2. Liz ____________________________ a motorbike, but last year she sold it and bought
a car.
3. We came to live in London a few years ago. We ________________________ in Leeds.
4. I rarely eat ice-cream now, but I _________________________ it when I was a child.
5. Jim ______________________ my best friend, but we aren’t good friend any longer.
6. It only takes me about 40 minutes to get to work now that the new road is open. It
________________________ more than an hour.
7. There _________________________ a hotel near the airport, but it closed a long time
ago.
8. When you live in New York, ___________________________ to the theatre very often?
EXERCISE 2: Matt changed his life style. He stopped doing some things and
started doing other things:
He stopped:
• Studying hard.
• Going to bed early.
• Running three miles every morning.
He started:
• Sleeping late.
• Going out in the evening.
• Spending a lot of money,
Write sentences about Matt with used to and didn’t use to.
1. _________________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________________
3. _________________________________________________________________
4. _________________________________________________________________
5. _________________________________________________________________
6. _________________________________________________________________
travel – go – be – ride – eat – be – live - take
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
PAST PERFECT
USES
1. Se usa para indicar que una acción ocurrió antes que otra en el pasado. Esta última van en
Past Simple.	
TEMPORAL EXPRESSIONS AND ADVERBS
BEFORE: Antes. I had cleaned the car before I went to the party.
AFTER: Después. He ate an ice cream after he had finished lunch.
AS SOON AS: Tan pronto como. As soon as I had got up, I went to buy the newspaper.
BY THE TIME: (Para) cuando. By the time he was 5, he had read many books.
UNTIL: Hasta que. Until I went to Italy, I hadn’t eaten a real Italian food.
WHEN Cuando. Ian had finished his homework when I arrived.
ALREADY: Ya (afirmativa). I had already seen Jim when he seaid hello to us.
YET Todavía, aún (negativa). It was 3am and the pub hadn’t closed yet.
Ya (interrogativa). When you arrived at the station, had the train left yet?
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs
I had worked I had seen I hadn’t worked I hadn’t seen Had I worked? Had I seen?
You had worked You had seen You hadn’t worked You hadn’t seen Had you worked? Had you seen?
He had worked He had seen He hadn’t worked He hadn’t seen Had he worked? Had he seen?
She had worked She had seen She hadn’t worked She hadn’t seen Had she worked? Had she seen?
It had worked It had seen It hadn’t worked It hadn’t seen Had it worked? Had it seen?
We had worked We had seen We hadn’t worked We hadn’t seen Had we worked? Had we seen?
You had worked You had seen You hadn’t worked You hadn’t seen Had you worked? Had you seen?
They had worked They had seen They hadn’t worked They hadn’t seen Had they worked? Had the seen?
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
EXERCISE 1: Read the situations and write sentences from the words in brackets.
1. You went to Sue’s house, but she wasn’t there.
(she / go / out) _____________________________________________________
2. You went back to your home town after many years. It wasn’t the same as before.
(it / change / a lot) ___________________________________________________
3. I invited Rachel to the party, but she couldn’t come.
(she / arrange / to do something else) ______________________________________
4. You went to the cinema last night. You got to the cinema late.
(the film / already / begin) ______________________________________________
5. It was nice to see Dan again after such a long time.
(I / not / see / him for five years) _________________________________________
6. I offered Sue something to eat, but she wasn’t hungry.
(she / just / have / breakfast) ____________________________________________
PAST SIMPLE AND PAST PERFECT
EXERCICI 1: Put the verb into the correct form, past perfect or past simple.
1. “Was Paul at the party when you arrived?” “No, he ____________________ (go) home.
2. I felt very tired when I got home, so I _______________________ (go) straight to bed.
3. The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody _____________________ (go) to
bed.
4. Sorry I’m late. The car ______________________ (break) down on my way here.
5. We were driving along the road when we ______________________ (see) a car which
_________________ (break) down, so we ______________________ (stop) to help.
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
FUTURE SIMPLE
WILL + INFINITIVE
USES
1. Para cosas que sucederán automáticamente.
She will be 15 years tomorrow.
2. Para decisiones que no se han planeado, ofrecimientos e invitaciones.
I will help you.
3. Para un futuro incierto con “PROBABLY, POSSIBLY, PERHAPS…”
He will probably be back at 12.
4. Para expresar opiniones con “HOPE, EXPECT, SUPPOSE, BELIEVE…”
I think they will pass the exam.
GOING TO + INFINITIVE
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I will be 15 I won’t be 15 Will I be 15?
You will be 15 You won’t be 15 Will you be 15?
He will be 15 He won’t be 15 Will he be 15?
She will be 15 She won’t be 15 Will she be 15?
It will be 15 It won’t be 15 Will it be 15?
We will be 15 We won’t be 15 Will we be 15?
You will be 15 You won’t be 15 Will you be 15?
They will be 15 They won’t be 15 Will they be 15?
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I ‘m going to play I’m not going to play Am I going to play?
You’re going to play You aren’t going to play Are you going to play?
He’s going to play He isn’t going to play Is he going to play?
She’s going to play She isn’t going to play Is she going to play?
It’s going to play It isn’t going to play Is it going to play?
We’re going to play We aren’t going to play Are we going to play?
You’re going to play You aren’t going to play Are you going to play?
They are going to play They aren’t going to play Are they going to play?
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
USES
1. Intenciones
I am going top play football tomorrow.
2. Predicciones basadas en hechos presentes.
She is going to have a baby.
3. Planes.
I am going to work for my father. I have already decided.
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
WILL
EXERCISE 1: Read the situations and write sentences with “I THINK I’LL” or “I
DON’T THINK I’LL”
1. It’s a bit cold. The window is open and you decide to close it. You say:
I think ____________________________________________________________
2. You are feeling tired and it’s getting late. You decide to go to bed, You say:
I think ____________________________________________________________
3. A friend of yours offers you a lift in his car, but you decide to walk. You say:
Thank you, but ______________________________________________________
4. You arranged to play tennis today. Now you decide that you don’t want to play. You say:
I don’t think ________________________________________________________
5. You were going to go swimming. Now you decide that you don’t want to go. You say:
I don’t think ________________________________________________________
GOING TO
EXERCISE 1: Read the situations and complete the dialogues. Use “GOING TO”.
1. You’ve decided to tidy your room this morning.
FRIEND: Are you going out this morning?
YOU: No, __________________________________________________________
2. You bought a sweater, but it doesn’t fit you very well. You have decided to take it back.
FRIEND: That sweater is too big for you.
YOU: I know. ________________________________________________________
3. You have been offered a job, but you have decided not to accept it.
FRIEND: I hear you’ve been offered a job.
YOU: That’s right, but __________________________________________________
4. You have to phone Sarah. It’s morning now, and you have decided to phone her tonight.
FRIEND: Have you phoned Sarah yet?
YOU: No, __________________________________________________________
5. You are in a restaurant. The food is awful and you’ve decided to complain.
FRIEND: This food is awful, isn’t it?
YOU: Yes, it’s disgusting. _______________________________________________
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
GOING TO VS WILL
EXERCISE 1: Complete the sentences using “WILL” or “GOING TO”.
1. A: Why are you turning on the television?
B: ______________________________ (I / watch) the news.
2. A: Oh, I’ve just realised. I haven’t got any money.
B: Haven’t you? Well, don’t worry. ________________________ (I / lend) you some.
3. A: I’ve got a headache.
B: Have you? Wait a second and __________________________ (I / get) an aspirin for
you.
4. A: Why are you filling that bucket with water?
B: ______________________________ (I / wash) the car.
5. A: I’ve decided to repaint this room.
B: Oh, have you? What colour ___________________________ (you / paint) it?
6. A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping?
B: Yes, __________________________ (I / buy) something for dinner.
7. A: I don’t know how to use this camera.
B: It’s easy. ____________________________ (I / show) you.
8. A: What would you like to eat?
B: _________________________________ (I / have) a sandwich, please.
9. A: Did you post that letter for me?
B: Oh, I’m sorry. I completely forgot. ________________________ (I / do) it now.
10. A: The ceiling in this room doesn’t look very safe, does it?
B: No, it looks as if ____________________________ (it / fall) down.
11. A: Has George decided what to do when he leaves the school?
B: Yes. Everything is planned. ____________________________ (he / have) a holiday
for a few weeks. Then ______________________________ (he / do) a computer
programming course.
EXERCISE 2: Read the situations and complete the sentences using “WILL” or
“GOING TO”
1. The phone rings and you answer. Somebody wants to speak to Jim.
CALLER: Hello. Can I speak to Jim, please?
ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo
Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911
YOU: Just a moment. _________________________________ (I / get) him.
2. It’s a nice day, so you have decided to take a walk. Just before you go. You tell your friend.
YOU: The weather’s too nice to stay in. _________________________ (I / take) a walk.
FRIEND: Good idea. I think ____________________________ (I / join) you.
3. Your friend is worried because she has lost an important letter.
YOU: Don’t worry about the letter. I’m sure _________________________ (you / find) it.
FRIEND: I hope so.
4. There was a job advertised in the paper recently. At first you were interested, but then you
decided not to apply.
FRIEND: Have you decided what to do about that job you were interested in?
YOU: Yes, _______________________________ (I / not / apply) for it.
5. You and a friend come home very late. Other people in the house are asleep. Your friend is
noisy.
YOU: Shh! Don’t make so much noise. ___________________ (you / wake) everybody up.
6. Paul has to go to the airport to catch a plane tomorrow morning.
PAUL: Liz, I need somebody to take me to the airport tomorrow morning.
LIZ: That’s no problem. ______________________ (I / take) you. What time is your flight?
PAUL: 10:50.
LIZ: Ok, ____________________________ (we / leave) at about 9 o’clock then.
Later that day, Joe offers to take Paul to the airport.
JOE: Paul, do you want me to take you to the airport?
PAUL: No thanks, Joe. ______________________________ (Liz / take) me.

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Verbal Tenses

  • 1. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 TIME TENSES PRESENT SIMPLE USES 1. Para hablar de cosas en general, cosas que siempre son ciertas. Nurses look after patients in hospitals. 2. Para hablar de cosas que suceden siempre o repetidamente. I usually go away at weekends 3. Para hablar cada cuanto hacemos algo. Recuerda que usamos los adverbios de frecuencia. Always, sometimes, never, usually à Dependiendo del verbo se colocan en una posición o en otra. Si en la oración está el verbo “TO BE”, el adverbio tiene que ir detrás del éste. Si el verbo es cualquier otro, el adverbio se colocará detrás del verbo. Once a year, twice a week, three times a day à Estos siempre van al final de la oración. How often à Se usa en preguntas. AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I study I don’t study Do I study? You study You don’t study Do you study? He studies He doesn’t study Does he study? She studies She doesn’t study Does she study? It studies It doesn’t study Does it study? We study We don’t study Do we study? You study You don’t study Do you study? They study They don’t study Do they study?
  • 2. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 EXERCISE 1: Complete the sentences using the following verbs: 1. Tanya _____________________ German very well. 2. I don’t often _________________ coffee. 3. The swimming pool _________________ at 7:30 every morning. 4. Bad driving _________________ many accidents. 5. My parents _________________ in a very small flat. 6. The Olympics Games _________________ place every four years. 7. The Panama Canal ________________ the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. EXERCISE 2: Put the verb into the correct form. 1. Julie ___________________________________________ (not/drink) tea very often. 2. What time _________________________________________ (the banks/close) here? 3. I’ve got a computer, but I _______________________________ (not/use) it much. 4. Where _____________________________________________ (Martin/come) from? 5. What ________________________________________ (you/do)? 6. It ______________ (take) me an hour to get work. How long _____________________ _______________ (it/take) you? 7. Look at this sentence. What _______________________________ (this word/mean)? 8. David isn’t very fit. He _________________________________ (not/do) any sport. EXERCISE 3: Use the following verbs to complete the sentences. Sometimes you need the negative: 1. The earth _____________________ round the sun. 2. Rice ________________________ in Britain. 3. The sun ________________________ in the east. 4. Bees __________________________ honey. 5. Vegetarians __________________________ meat. 6. An atheist _________________________ in God. 7. An interpreter ______________________ from one language to another. 8. Liars are people who _________________________ the truth. 9. The River Amazon __________________________ into the Atlantic Ocean. Cause – connect – drink – live – open – speak – take not believe – not eat – flow – go – not grow – make – rise – not tell - translate
  • 3. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 PRESENT CONTINUOUS USES 1. Para hablar de acciones en proceso en el momento en que estás hablando. She is driving to work. 2. Para hablar de cosas temporales. My sister has her own house, but she is living at home now. 3. Para hablar de planes en el futuro. 4. Para hablar de acciones que se van desarrollando gradualmente. It is getting darker and darker. 5. Usamos el present continuous con today/this week/this year. You are working hard today. AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I’m driving I’m not driving Am I driving? You’re driving You aren’t driving Are you driving? He’s driving He isn’t driving Is he driving? She’s driving She isn’t driving Is she driving? It’s driving It isn’t driving Is it driving? We’re driving We aren’t driving Are we driving? You’re driving You aren’t driving Are you driving? They’re driving They aren’t driving Are they driving?
  • 4. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 EXERCISE 1: Complete the sentences with the following verbs in the correct form. 1. You ___________________________ hard today. 2. I _____________________________ for Christine. Do you know where she is? 3. It _____________________________ dark. Shall I turn the light? 4. They don’t have anywhere to live at the moment. They __________________________ with friends until they find somewhere. 5. Things are not so good at work. The company ____________________________ money. 6. Have you got an umbrella? It ____________________________ to rain. 7. You __________________________ a lot of noise. Can you be quieter? I __________ _______________ to concentrate. 8. Why are all these people here? What ________________________________? EXECISE 2: Put the verb into the correct form. Sometimes you need the negative. 1. Please don’t make so much noise. I ____________________________ (try) to work. 2. Let’s go out now. It _________________________ (rain) any more. 3. You can turn off the radio. I ___________________________ (not/listen) to it. 4. Kate phoned me last night. She’s on holiday in France. She ________________________ (have) a great time and doesn’t want to come back. 5. I want to lose weight, so this week I _____________________________ (not/eat) lunch. 6. Andrew has just started evening classes. He _______________________ (learn) German. 7. Paul and Sally have had an argument. They __________________________ (speak) to each other. 8. I _____________________________ (get) tired. I need a rest. 9. Tim _______________________________ (not/work) this week. He’s on holiday. PRESENT SIMPLE AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS EXERCISE 3: Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct them where necessary. 1. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. ______________________ 2. The water boils. Can you turn it off? ______________________ 3. Look! That man tries to open the door of your car. ______________________ 4. Can you hear those people? What do they talk about? ______________________ 5. The moon goes round the earth in about 27 days. ______________________ Get – happen – look – make – start – stay – try - work
  • 5. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 6. I must go now. It gets late. ______________________ 7. I usually go to work by car. ______________________ 8. “Hurry up! It’s time to leave”. “Ok, I come” ______________________ 9. I hear you’ve got a new job. How do you get on? ______________________ 10. Paul is never late. He’s always getting to work on time. ______________________ 11. They don’t get on well. They’re always arguing. ______________________ EXERCISE 4: Put the verb into the correct form, present continuous or present simple. 1. Let’s go out. It ____________________________ (not/rain) now. 2. Julia is very good at languages. She _________________ (speak) four languages very well. 3. Hurry up! Everybody ________________________ (wait) for you. 4. “______________________ (you/listen) to the radio?” “No, you can turn it off”. 5. “______________________ (you listen) to the radio every day?” “No, just occasionally”. 6. The River Nile _______________________ (flow) into the Mediterranean. 7. The river _________________________ (flow) very fast today – much faster than usual. 8. We usually ______________________ (grow) vegetables in our garden, but this year we ______________________ (not/grow) any. 9. A: How’s your English? B: Not bad. I think it ______________________________ (improve) slowly. 10. Rachel is in London at the moment. She _____________________________ (stay) at the Park Hotel. She always ______________________ (stay) there when she’s in London. 11. Can we stop walking soon? I __________________________ (start) to feel tired. 12. A: Can you drive? B: I ___________________________ (learn). My father ______________________ (teach) me. 13. Normally I __________________________ (finish) work at five, but this week I _____________________ (work) until six to earn a little more money. 14. My parents _________________________ (live) in Manchester. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. Where ___________________________________ (your parents/live)? 15. Sonia ____________________________ (look) for a place to live. She ____________ ______________ (stay) with her sister until she finds somewhere. 16. I usually ___________________________ (enjoy) parties, but I _________________ _____________ (not/enjoy) this one very much.
  • 6. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 PAST SIMPLE USES 1. Para hablar de acciones ocurridas y terminadas en el pasado. We watched that film. 2. Para decir que se hizo en un momento concreto. They went home yesterday. 3. Explicar acciones pasadas que han ocurrido de forma consecutiva. I visited the Tower. Then I went to the museum. 4. Explicar como eran las cosas en otro tiempo. In the past, people worked more hours. AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs I walked I saw I didn’t walk I didn’t see Did I walk? Did I see? You walked You saw You didn’t walk You didn’t see Did you walk? Did you see? He walked He saw He didn’t walk He didn’t see Did he walk? Did he see? She walked She saw She didn’t walk She didn’t see Did she walk? Did she see? It walked It saw It didn’t walk It didn’t see Did it walk? Did it see? We walked We saw We didn’t walk We didn’t see Did we walk? Did we see? You walked You saw You didn’t walk You didn’t see Did you walk? Did you see? They walked They saw They didn’t walk They didn’t see Did they walk? Did they see?
  • 7. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 EXERCISE 1: Read what Laura says about a typical working day: Yesterday was a typical working day for Laura. Write what she did or didn’t do yesterday. 1. She got up at 7 o’clock. 2. She _________________________ a big breakfast. 3. She _________________________ 4. It _______________________________________ to get to work. 5. _____________________________ at 8:45. 6. _____________________________ lunch. 7. _____________________________ at 5 o’clock. 8. ____________________ tired when she ______________ home. 9. ____________________ a meal yesterday evening. 10. ____________________ out yesterday evening. 11. ____________________ at 11 o’clock. 12. _____________________ well last night. EXERCISE 2: Complete the sentences. Put the verb into the correct form. 1. It was warm, so I ___________________ (take) off my coat. 2. The film wasn’t very good. I ______________________ (not/enjoy) it very much. 3. I knew Sarah was very busy, so I _______________________ (not/disturb) her. 4. I was very tired, so I _____________________ (leave) the party early. 5. The bed was very uncomfortable. I _________________________ (not/sleep) very well. 6. The window was open and a bird ______________________ (fly) into the room. 7. The hotel wasn’t very expensive. It ______________________ (not/cost) very much. 8. I was in a hurry, so I _______________________ (not/have) time to phone you. 9. It was hard carrying the bags. They _________________ (be) very heavy. I usually get up at 7 o’clock and have a big breakfast. I walk to work, which takes me about half an hour. I start work at 8:45 I never have lunch. I finish work at 5 o’clock. I’m always tired when I get home. I usually cook a meal in the evening. I don’t usually go out. I go to bed at about 11 o’clock, and I always sleep well.
  • 8. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 PAST CONTINUOUS USES 1. Para expresar algo que estaba sucediendo en el pasado. Yesterday at half past seven, I was driving to work. 2. Para describir dos o más acciones prolongadas y simultáneas en el pasado, unidas por WHILE o AS. They were talking to me while I was studying. CONTRAST PAST SIMPLE AND PAST CONTINUOUS • El pasado simple indica una acción que tuvo lugar y acabó en el tiempo indicado en la frase, mientras que el pasado continuo habla de acciones prolongadas que estaban sucediendo en el pasado. Columbus sailed to America in 1942. (Colón navegó hacia a América en 1492) I was sailing on a yacht last summer. (Yo estuve navegando en un yate el verano pasado) • Con el pasado simple se acostumbra a usar WHEN y con el pasado continuo las conjunciones WHILE o AS. AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I was driving I wasn’t driving Was I driving? You were driving You weren’t driving Were you driving? He was driving He wasn’t driving Was he driving? She was driving She wasn’t driving Was she driving? It was driving It wasn’t driving Was it driving? We were driving We weren’t driving Were we driving? You were driving You weren’t driving Were you driving? They were driving They weren’t driving Were they driving?
  • 9. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 EXERCISE 1: What ere Jake’s family doing last Saturday at ten o’clock in the morning? Complete the sentences with the verbs below. drive – drink – sail – swim – ride - walk 1. Mum and Dad ____________________________ in the pool. 2. My brother John __________________________ a jeep down a hill. 3. My sister and I ___________________________ horses along the beach. 4. Grandmother ___________________________ on the beach with his dog. 5. Grandfather _________________________ coffee in a café. 6. Aunt Carol and Uncle Peter ________________________ on a yacht. PAST SIMPLE AND PAST CONTINUOUS EXERCISE 2: Complete the conversations. Use was/were, the past simple or the past continuous. 1. POLICE OFFICER: What _________________ (you / do) when the accident ___________ (happen)? COLLIN: I ___________ at the bus stop. I ______________________ (wait) for the bus. POLICE OFFICER: ____________________________ (you / see) the accident? COLLIN: No, because I ___________________________ (read) the newspaper. 2. NICOLA: I __________ (telephone) you at 9 o’clock last night, but you ________ at home. MARTIN: 9 o’clock? I _________________ (sit) in a café, ____________ (drink) hot chocolate. NICOLA: ________________ Jane with you? MARTIN: No, she _________________________ (work) in the library. NICOLA: Where _________________________ (you / go) after the café? MARTIN: I ___________________ (go) home. 3. MUM: Oh no! My beautiful cup! What happened? ANGIE: I’m really sorry, Mum. I _____________ (break) it when I ___________ (wash) it. MUM: how? ANGIE: My hands ________ wet and I ______________________ (drop) in on the floor. 4. SOPHIE: ____________________ (you / think) yesterday’s exam ___________ difficult? EDDIE: No, not really, but I _________________________ (not / write) very much. SOPHIE: Why not? EDDIE: Because I _____________________ (study) so much.
  • 10. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 5. ANDREW: There ______________ a crash outside my house yesterday. MAGGIE: What happened? ANDREW: I don’t know. It __________________ (rain), but the two drivers _________________ (not / go) too fast. SOPHIE: ________________ they hurt? ANDREW: One man ________________ (break) his arm and the other man ______________ (cut) his hand. 6. TRACEY: Pardon? I didn’t hear you. Could you say that again, please? DAVE: I ___________________ (not / talking) to you. TRACEY: Who _________________ (you / talk) to? DAVE: Sarah. TRACEY: Oh, sorry. EXERCISE 4: Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets into the correct tense Past Simple or Past Continuous. 1. It _____________________ (snow) when I __________________________ (leave) home this morning. 2. It was sunny afternoon and people ___________________ (sit) on the grass in the park. Then suddenly it ____________________ (start) to rain. 3. My brother _____________________ (talk) on the phone when I ________________ (arrive), but when he _____________________ (see) me, he _________________ (finish) the call. 4. I nearly had an accident today. A car _________________ (come) towards me, but I moved quickly out of the way and fortunately nothing _____________________ (happen) 5. I _______________ (move) to Hastings in 1999. I __________________ (live) there when I _______________ (meet) them. 6. ________________________ (how many / people / wait) for the 9:15 bus last night? 7. I ______________________ (dance) with my boyfriend when the disc jockey _________ (play) our favourite song. 8. When I ____________________ (arrive) at the cinema, my friends _______________ (wait) for me. 9. ____________________ (you / listen) to the teacher when she _________________ (explain) this exercise?
  • 11. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 10. Susan ______________________ (play) the piano while Mary ________________ (sing) 11. Susan __________________ (fall) asleep while she ____________________ (do) her homework. 12. I ____________________ (want) to visit you last night, but you __________________ (not / be) at home. What _____________________________ (you / do) at about 8 pm? 13. It _______________________ (start) when we ____________________ (play) in the garden. 14. When Sara ___________________ (come) home she ___________________ (do) her homework. 15. While Mr & Ms Brown ________________________ (talk) to Troy’s teacher, their son _____________________ (wait) outside. 16. Jenny _______________________ (wait) for me when I _______________________ (arrive). 17. What ________________________ (you /do) at this time yesterday? 18. ______________________________ (you /go) out last night? 19. How fast ____________________ (you /drive) when the accident _________________ (happen)? 20. Last night I _______________________ (drop) a plate when I __________________ (do) the washing up. Fortunately it _________________________ (not break). 21. When I was young, I _________________________ (want) to be a pilot. 22. I ______________________ (walk) along the street when suddenly I ______________ (hear) footsteps behind me. Somebody ______________________ (follow) me. I was scared and I ______________________ (start) to run. 23. Sam ______________________ (take) a photograph of me while I _______________ (not look)
  • 12. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 PRESENT PERFECT USES 1. Acciones que empezaron en el pasado y aún continúan (lleva for o since y se traduce en presente) He has worked here since 1999. 2. Acciones pasadas que afectan al presente o tienen consecuencias en el momento actual. I have finished. I’m bored now. 3. Acciones pasadas sin especificar cuándo ocurrieron. They have enjoyed their holiday. 4. Acciones muy recientes (lleva jsut y se traduce por “acabar de”+ infinitivo) The train has just left the station. TEMPORAL EXPRESSIONS AND ADVERBS EVER: Alguna vez (interrogativa). Have you ever travelled abroad? Nunca, jamás (negativa). I haven’t ever watched that film. NEVER: Nunca (afirmativa). She has never called me. ALWAYS: Siempre. You have always been her friend. ALREADY: Ya (afirmativa). We have already finished the exam. JUST: Acabar de (afirmativa). They have just arrived here. YET: Todavía, aún (negativa). He hasn’t foun his glasses yet. Ya (interrogativa). Have you bought some fruit yet? FOR: Durante (o no se traduce). My brother has lived in Manchester for five years. AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs I have worked I have seen I haven’t worked I haven’t seen Have I worked? Have I seen? You have worked You have seen You haven’t worked You haven’t seen Have you worked? Have you seen? He has worked He has seen He hasn’t worked He hasn’t seen Has he worked? Has he seen? She has worked She has seen She hasn’t worked She hasn’t seen Has she worked? Has she seen? It has worked It has seen It hasn’t worked It hasn’t seen Has it worked? Has it seen? We have worked We have seen We haven’t worked We haven’t seen Have we worked? Have we seen? You have worked You have seen You haven’t worked You haven’t seen Have you worked? Have you seen? They have worked They have seen They haven’t worked They haven’t seen Have they worked? Have the seen?
  • 13. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 SINCE: Desde. I haven’t heard from him since 2002. RECENTLY: Recientemente. Has Lisa talked to you recently? LATELY: Últimamente. Jim hasn’t been to the gym lately. SEVERAL TIMES: Varias veces. They have worked for us several times. SO FAR: Hasta el momento. How long has your assignment taken you so far? CONTRAST PAST SIMPLE AND PRESENT PERFECT El Present Perfect indica que lo ocurrido en el pasado guarda relación con el presente, aunque no se especifica cuando sucedió. En cambio, el Past Simple habla de acciones pasadas que ya no afectan al momento actual e indica cuándo ocurrieron, con expresiones de tiempo tales como yesterday, last night…
  • 14. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 EXERCISE 1: Read the situations and write sentences. Use the following verbs: 1. Tom is looking for his key. He can’t find it. He __________________________ 2. Margaret can’t walk and her leg is in plaster. She _________________________ 3. Last week the bus fare was 80 pence. Now it is 90. The bus fare ___________________ 4. Maria’s English wasn’t very good. Now it is better. Her English ____________________ 5. Dan didn’t have a beard before. No he has a beard. He __________________________ 6. This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it. The letter _____________________ 7. The temperature was 20 degrees. Now it is only 12. The _________________________ EXERCISE 2: Complete B’s sentences. Use the verb in brackets + just / already / yet. arrive – break – fall – go up – grow – improve – lose 1. Would you like something to eat? 2. Do you know where Julia is? 3. What time is David leaving? 4. What’s in the newspaper today? 5. Is Sue coming to the cinema with us? 6. Are you friend here yet? 7. What does Tim think about your plan? 1. No, thanks. _______________________________________ (I / just / have / lunch). 2. Yes, ____________________________________________ (I / just / see / her). 3. ________________________________________________ (He / already / leave). 4. I don’t know. _______________________________________ (I / not / read / yet). 5. No, _______________________________________ (She / already / see / the film). 6. Yes, _______________________________________ (They / just / arrive) 7. ____________________________________________ (We / not / tell / him yet)
  • 15. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 EXERCISE 3: Complete each sentence with a time word or phrase from the box. yet – for – since – often – ever – never – already – so far – just – always a) Luis has lived in the city centre ________________ 1996. b) Thanks for the present! I’ve __________________ wanted a pet goldfish! c) Have you ____________ drunk pineapple juice? It’s fantastic! d) I’ve _____________ heard some fantastic news! I’ve passed my exams! e) Hurry up! Haven’t you finished _______________? You’re so slow! f) Nina has worked in this company _____________ five years. g) I’ve _____________ been on a big ship before. It’s an interesting experience! h) We’re very busy today. _____________ we’ve sold over a hundred bikes. i) I’ve _____________ passed this building, but this is the first time I’ve been inside. j) Can I have a different book? I’ve ______________ read this one. PAST SIMPLE AND PRESENT PERFECT EXERCISE 1: Put each verb in brackets into either the present perfect, past simple or present simple. a) Last week I (lose) __________________________ my scarf, and now I (just lose) _______________________ my gloves. b) I (work) __________________________ for Blue Bank at the moment but I (decide) _________________________ to change jobs. c) We (be) _________________________ here for hours. Are you sure we (come) _________________________ to the right place? d) (you / see) __________________________________ my calculator? I’m sure I (leave) ___________________________ it here earlier. e) We (have) ________________________________ some coffee and then (catch) _________________________ the bus home. f) I (never eat) _______________________________ octopus, but once on holiday I (eat) __________________________ some squid. g) I (hope) _________________________________ you aren’t a vegetarian. I (cook) __________________________ you some lamb chops. h) Recently a lot of young people (take up) _______________________________ kite surfing.
  • 16. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 i) When we (reach) ____________________________ the cinema, there (not be) _______________________ any tickets left. j) Please come quickly! Nick (have) _________________________ an accident, and he (go) ________________________ to the hospital. EXERCISE 2: Underline the correct word or phrase in each sentence. a) I lived here / I’ve lived here since the end of the last year. b) I’m afraid the last train left / has left an hour ago. c) Someone stole / has just stolen my bicycle. d) Thank you for you offer but I decided / I’ve decided not to accept. e) Yesterday I lost / I’ve lost my wallet. f) Take you umbrella with you. It started / It’s started raining. g) We’re enjoying our trio. We visited / We’ve visited two countries so far. h) This was / has been a busy day and it isn’t over yet! i) I feel really tired. We went / We’ve been to a party last night.
  • 17. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 USED TO USES 1. Expresa hechos o estados que eran habituales en otro tiempo y luego dejaron de serlo. Solo tiene la forma de pasado y va seguido de otro verbo en la forma de infinitivo. Se traduce por “Soler + el verbo que le sigue”. AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I used to sleep I didn’t use to sleep Did I use to sleep? You used to sleep You didn’t use to sleep Did you use to sleep? He used to sleep He didn’t use to sleep Did he use to sleep? She used to sleep She didn’t use to sleep Did she use to sleep? It used to sleep It didn’t use to sleep Did it use to sleep? We used to sleep We didn’t use to sleep Did we use to sleep? You used to sleep You didn’t use to sleep Did you use to sleep? They used to sleep They didn’t use to sleep Did they use to sleep?
  • 18. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 EXERCISE 1: Complete the sentences with use(d) to + a suitable verb. 1. Diane doesn’t travel much now. She __________________________ a lot, but she prefer to stay at home these days. 2. Liz ____________________________ a motorbike, but last year she sold it and bought a car. 3. We came to live in London a few years ago. We ________________________ in Leeds. 4. I rarely eat ice-cream now, but I _________________________ it when I was a child. 5. Jim ______________________ my best friend, but we aren’t good friend any longer. 6. It only takes me about 40 minutes to get to work now that the new road is open. It ________________________ more than an hour. 7. There _________________________ a hotel near the airport, but it closed a long time ago. 8. When you live in New York, ___________________________ to the theatre very often? EXERCISE 2: Matt changed his life style. He stopped doing some things and started doing other things: He stopped: • Studying hard. • Going to bed early. • Running three miles every morning. He started: • Sleeping late. • Going out in the evening. • Spending a lot of money, Write sentences about Matt with used to and didn’t use to. 1. _________________________________________________________________ 2. _________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________ 5. _________________________________________________________________ 6. _________________________________________________________________ travel – go – be – ride – eat – be – live - take
  • 19. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 PAST PERFECT USES 1. Se usa para indicar que una acción ocurrió antes que otra en el pasado. Esta última van en Past Simple. TEMPORAL EXPRESSIONS AND ADVERBS BEFORE: Antes. I had cleaned the car before I went to the party. AFTER: Después. He ate an ice cream after he had finished lunch. AS SOON AS: Tan pronto como. As soon as I had got up, I went to buy the newspaper. BY THE TIME: (Para) cuando. By the time he was 5, he had read many books. UNTIL: Hasta que. Until I went to Italy, I hadn’t eaten a real Italian food. WHEN Cuando. Ian had finished his homework when I arrived. ALREADY: Ya (afirmativa). I had already seen Jim when he seaid hello to us. YET Todavía, aún (negativa). It was 3am and the pub hadn’t closed yet. Ya (interrogativa). When you arrived at the station, had the train left yet? AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs Regular Verbs Irregular Verbs I had worked I had seen I hadn’t worked I hadn’t seen Had I worked? Had I seen? You had worked You had seen You hadn’t worked You hadn’t seen Had you worked? Had you seen? He had worked He had seen He hadn’t worked He hadn’t seen Had he worked? Had he seen? She had worked She had seen She hadn’t worked She hadn’t seen Had she worked? Had she seen? It had worked It had seen It hadn’t worked It hadn’t seen Had it worked? Had it seen? We had worked We had seen We hadn’t worked We hadn’t seen Had we worked? Had we seen? You had worked You had seen You hadn’t worked You hadn’t seen Had you worked? Had you seen? They had worked They had seen They hadn’t worked They hadn’t seen Had they worked? Had the seen?
  • 20. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 EXERCISE 1: Read the situations and write sentences from the words in brackets. 1. You went to Sue’s house, but she wasn’t there. (she / go / out) _____________________________________________________ 2. You went back to your home town after many years. It wasn’t the same as before. (it / change / a lot) ___________________________________________________ 3. I invited Rachel to the party, but she couldn’t come. (she / arrange / to do something else) ______________________________________ 4. You went to the cinema last night. You got to the cinema late. (the film / already / begin) ______________________________________________ 5. It was nice to see Dan again after such a long time. (I / not / see / him for five years) _________________________________________ 6. I offered Sue something to eat, but she wasn’t hungry. (she / just / have / breakfast) ____________________________________________ PAST SIMPLE AND PAST PERFECT EXERCICI 1: Put the verb into the correct form, past perfect or past simple. 1. “Was Paul at the party when you arrived?” “No, he ____________________ (go) home. 2. I felt very tired when I got home, so I _______________________ (go) straight to bed. 3. The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody _____________________ (go) to bed. 4. Sorry I’m late. The car ______________________ (break) down on my way here. 5. We were driving along the road when we ______________________ (see) a car which _________________ (break) down, so we ______________________ (stop) to help.
  • 21. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 FUTURE SIMPLE WILL + INFINITIVE USES 1. Para cosas que sucederán automáticamente. She will be 15 years tomorrow. 2. Para decisiones que no se han planeado, ofrecimientos e invitaciones. I will help you. 3. Para un futuro incierto con “PROBABLY, POSSIBLY, PERHAPS…” He will probably be back at 12. 4. Para expresar opiniones con “HOPE, EXPECT, SUPPOSE, BELIEVE…” I think they will pass the exam. GOING TO + INFINITIVE AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I will be 15 I won’t be 15 Will I be 15? You will be 15 You won’t be 15 Will you be 15? He will be 15 He won’t be 15 Will he be 15? She will be 15 She won’t be 15 Will she be 15? It will be 15 It won’t be 15 Will it be 15? We will be 15 We won’t be 15 Will we be 15? You will be 15 You won’t be 15 Will you be 15? They will be 15 They won’t be 15 Will they be 15? AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION I ‘m going to play I’m not going to play Am I going to play? You’re going to play You aren’t going to play Are you going to play? He’s going to play He isn’t going to play Is he going to play? She’s going to play She isn’t going to play Is she going to play? It’s going to play It isn’t going to play Is it going to play? We’re going to play We aren’t going to play Are we going to play? You’re going to play You aren’t going to play Are you going to play? They are going to play They aren’t going to play Are they going to play?
  • 22. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 USES 1. Intenciones I am going top play football tomorrow. 2. Predicciones basadas en hechos presentes. She is going to have a baby. 3. Planes. I am going to work for my father. I have already decided.
  • 23. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 WILL EXERCISE 1: Read the situations and write sentences with “I THINK I’LL” or “I DON’T THINK I’LL” 1. It’s a bit cold. The window is open and you decide to close it. You say: I think ____________________________________________________________ 2. You are feeling tired and it’s getting late. You decide to go to bed, You say: I think ____________________________________________________________ 3. A friend of yours offers you a lift in his car, but you decide to walk. You say: Thank you, but ______________________________________________________ 4. You arranged to play tennis today. Now you decide that you don’t want to play. You say: I don’t think ________________________________________________________ 5. You were going to go swimming. Now you decide that you don’t want to go. You say: I don’t think ________________________________________________________ GOING TO EXERCISE 1: Read the situations and complete the dialogues. Use “GOING TO”. 1. You’ve decided to tidy your room this morning. FRIEND: Are you going out this morning? YOU: No, __________________________________________________________ 2. You bought a sweater, but it doesn’t fit you very well. You have decided to take it back. FRIEND: That sweater is too big for you. YOU: I know. ________________________________________________________ 3. You have been offered a job, but you have decided not to accept it. FRIEND: I hear you’ve been offered a job. YOU: That’s right, but __________________________________________________ 4. You have to phone Sarah. It’s morning now, and you have decided to phone her tonight. FRIEND: Have you phoned Sarah yet? YOU: No, __________________________________________________________ 5. You are in a restaurant. The food is awful and you’ve decided to complain. FRIEND: This food is awful, isn’t it? YOU: Yes, it’s disgusting. _______________________________________________
  • 24. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 GOING TO VS WILL EXERCISE 1: Complete the sentences using “WILL” or “GOING TO”. 1. A: Why are you turning on the television? B: ______________________________ (I / watch) the news. 2. A: Oh, I’ve just realised. I haven’t got any money. B: Haven’t you? Well, don’t worry. ________________________ (I / lend) you some. 3. A: I’ve got a headache. B: Have you? Wait a second and __________________________ (I / get) an aspirin for you. 4. A: Why are you filling that bucket with water? B: ______________________________ (I / wash) the car. 5. A: I’ve decided to repaint this room. B: Oh, have you? What colour ___________________________ (you / paint) it? 6. A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping? B: Yes, __________________________ (I / buy) something for dinner. 7. A: I don’t know how to use this camera. B: It’s easy. ____________________________ (I / show) you. 8. A: What would you like to eat? B: _________________________________ (I / have) a sandwich, please. 9. A: Did you post that letter for me? B: Oh, I’m sorry. I completely forgot. ________________________ (I / do) it now. 10. A: The ceiling in this room doesn’t look very safe, does it? B: No, it looks as if ____________________________ (it / fall) down. 11. A: Has George decided what to do when he leaves the school? B: Yes. Everything is planned. ____________________________ (he / have) a holiday for a few weeks. Then ______________________________ (he / do) a computer programming course. EXERCISE 2: Read the situations and complete the sentences using “WILL” or “GOING TO” 1. The phone rings and you answer. Somebody wants to speak to Jim. CALLER: Hello. Can I speak to Jim, please?
  • 25. ÀGORA (aula de repàs) Ainhoa Pérez Estudillo Avinguda President Macià, 10 – ( 977 114 911 YOU: Just a moment. _________________________________ (I / get) him. 2. It’s a nice day, so you have decided to take a walk. Just before you go. You tell your friend. YOU: The weather’s too nice to stay in. _________________________ (I / take) a walk. FRIEND: Good idea. I think ____________________________ (I / join) you. 3. Your friend is worried because she has lost an important letter. YOU: Don’t worry about the letter. I’m sure _________________________ (you / find) it. FRIEND: I hope so. 4. There was a job advertised in the paper recently. At first you were interested, but then you decided not to apply. FRIEND: Have you decided what to do about that job you were interested in? YOU: Yes, _______________________________ (I / not / apply) for it. 5. You and a friend come home very late. Other people in the house are asleep. Your friend is noisy. YOU: Shh! Don’t make so much noise. ___________________ (you / wake) everybody up. 6. Paul has to go to the airport to catch a plane tomorrow morning. PAUL: Liz, I need somebody to take me to the airport tomorrow morning. LIZ: That’s no problem. ______________________ (I / take) you. What time is your flight? PAUL: 10:50. LIZ: Ok, ____________________________ (we / leave) at about 9 o’clock then. Later that day, Joe offers to take Paul to the airport. JOE: Paul, do you want me to take you to the airport? PAUL: No thanks, Joe. ______________________________ (Liz / take) me.