discussed about what is malaria, what are the causetive organisms of malaria, what are the reasons for malaria, what are the symptoms of malaria, how can it be diagnosed, what are the risk factors, how can it be prevented etc. also dicusses about the life cycle of malaria

1. Presented By
JESNA BABY
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2. Definition
It is defined as a mosquito borne
infectious disease of human caused by
parasitic protozon of the genus plasmodium
transmitted via a bite form an infected female
anopheles mosquito.
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3.  By protozoan parasites of the genus protoz
plasmodium.
 4 species
 Plasmodium falciparum
 Plasmodium vivax
 Plasmodium ovale
 Plasmodium malariae
People get malaria by bittening of infected
female Anopheloes mosquito.
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4.  An estimated 300 million cases of malaria
occur each year.
 Annually accounting for 1.5 to 2.7 million
death
 Most of the death are due to infection with
plasmodium falciparum & occur among
children & pregnant women in the developing
world , especially sub- Saharan Africa.
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10.  Vector transmission – Bite by infective female
anopheles mosquitoes
 Direct transmission
 Blood transfusion
 The use of contaminated needle and syringe
 Organ transplant
 Congential transmission
 mother to new born
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11.  Fever
 Shaking chills
 Headache
 Tiredness
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Diarrhea
 It may cause anaemia and jaundice
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12.  Environmental factor
 A warm humid climate temperature between
16℃ and 40℃ and abundant rainfall have
anopheles mosquitoes
 Vegetation nearby to provide shade for the
mosquito to hide the day and digest the
blood meal from the night before
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13.  Human factor
 Poor water supply and sanitation
 People working in the field and in irrigation
system near or on lakes and reservoris
 Migrates moving into malarial areas clearing
land looking for work refuges
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14. PREVENTION
 Preventing mosquito accessing egg laying habitats by
management& modification
 Coverivg ,emptying&cleaning of domestic water storage
containers
 apply insecticides to water storage outdoor containers

15.  Using personal household protection such as window
screen,long sleeved clothes,coils,vaporizers
 Massage exposed body parts with insect repellent,
 Spread awareness about dengue mosquito

16.  Prevent patient from being bitten by mosquitoes
 Breed small mosquito eating fishes in artificial pond to
eradicate mosquito larvae

17.  Blood film examination
o Thick blood film
Used for detecting malaria larger volume
of blood is examined allowing detection of
even low levels of parasitaemia.
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18.  Thin blood film
o Gives more information about the parasite
morphology and therefore is used to identify
the particular infecting species of
plasmodium
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19.  Rapid diagnostic tests
 PCR based techniques
 Fluorescent techniques
 Serologic tests
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20.  Quinine
 Chloroquine
 Mefloquine
 Antibiotic (eg: doxocycline,
dindamycin,azithramycin)
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