SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 12
LTE Patent for Standard Analysis Sample  1Q. 2010
1. 1 Down Link Reference Signals Standard (1) 3GPP LTE standard TS36.211 specifies the down link reference signals  (DL RSs) in section 6.10. The specification defines the DL RSs in three types:  Cell-specific reference signals, UE-specific reference signals, and MBSFN  reference signals. DL RSs are needed to carry out coherent demodulation at  UE through DL channel estimation.  The cell-specific RSs are available to all UEs in a cell and span the entire cell  bandwidth. The structure and characteristics of the cell-specific RSs are as  follows (Ref. Figure 1.1):  1. The OFDM symbols form a two-dimensional sequence (corresponds to one  of 504 difference cell identities, NID_cell) and are arranged in a 'diamond shape' lattice structure to achieve the minimum interpolation errors for the channel estimation.  2. Considering the case of high channel frequency selectivity and high UE  velocity, there are four reference symbols per RB (Resource Block) for optimal channel estimation.
1. 1 Down Link Reference Signals Standard (1) -2 3. There are six frequency shifts of the reference symbols corresponds to 84  different cell identities (the reference symbols are inserted within the first and  the third from the last OFDM symbol for a given slot of RBs and staggered by  three subcarriers relative to each other).  4. For the case of four antenna ports, the reference symbols of the second  antenna port are shifted by three subcarriers with respect to the reference  symbols of the first antenna port in each OFDM symbols. The reference  symbols for the third and fourth antenna ports are located within the second  OFDM symbols of each slot (two reference symbols per RB) to reduce the  overhead in multiple channel estimations.  5. DL RSs are generated using QPSK modulation for low PAPR  (Peak-to Average Power Ratio).
Fig. 1.1 Cell-specific DL RSs structure
1. 2 Down Link Reference Signals Essential Patent (1) 3GPP Patent application publication US20060285484,entitled Pilot Design and Channel Estimation, is a candidate for LTE DL RSs essential patent.  BACKGROUND  In an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) based  communication system, pilot symbols are transmitted in addition to data  symbols to provide a reference for the receiver to estimate the channel medium and accordingly demodulate the received signal. OFDM systems periodically  insert reference (or pilot) symbols that are known a priori, into the transmission signal. The receiver can thus estimate the channel response based on the  received pilot symbols and the known transmitted pilot symbols. A pilot signal  also referred to as reference signal is composed of the pilot symbols.
1. 2 Down Link Reference Signals Essential Patent (1) -2 PRIOR ART  Channel estimation is based on time and frequency interpolation among pilot  sub-carriers in order to obtain the channel estimates at the position  corresponding to data sub-carriers. In order to be able to perform frequency  interpolation, the pilot sub-carrier spacing in the frequency domain should be  smaller than the 50% correlation coherence bandwidth of the channel for all  channels of interest. Similarly, in order to be able to perform time interpolation,  the pilot sub-carrier spacing in the time domain should be smaller than the 50% coherence time of the channel at the operating carrier frequency for all UE  speeds of interest.  There is a need for an improved pilot structure design in the prior arts in order  to achieve accurate channel estimates for high user equipment (UE) speeds in mobile operations while also achieve the ability to use substantial pilot energy  from succeeding TTI (Transmission Time Interval) with minimum latency.
1. 2 Down Link Reference Signals Essential Patent (1) -3 INVENTION  Embodiments of the invention provide method and apparatus for generating a  structure in a OFDM communication system having a transmitter with a least  one transmitting antenna to achieve accurate channel estimates for high UE  speeds and high channel frequency selectivity in mobile operations.  CLAIM  2. The method of claim 1 wherein the transmission time interval comprises of  seven orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols and wherein the pilot signal from at least one transmitting antenna is located in the first and fifth  OFDM symbols of a transmission time interval:  DL RSs specification for single antenna port in 3GPP TS36.211, V890, Section 6.10.12 & Figs 6.101.2-1
1. 2 Down Link Reference Signals Essential Patent (1) -4 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the transmitter has at least two antennas,  said method further comprising: locating a pilot signal from a second antenna  into two orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of said frame such  that the pilot power of the pilot signal from the second antenna is in the first and fifth orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of the transmission time interval:  DL RSs specification for two antenna ports in 3GPP TS36.211, V890, Section 6.10.12 & Figs 6.101.2-1
1. 2 Down Link Reference Signals Essential Patent (1) -5 The method of claim 3, wherein the transmitter has at least four antennas, said method further comprising: locating a pilot signal from a third antenna into two  orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of said frame such that the pilot power of the pilot signal from the third antenna is in the second and sixth  orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of the transmission time  interval; and locating a pilot signal from a fourth antenna into two orthogonal  frequency division multiplexing symbols of said frame such that the pilot power of the pilot signal from the fourth antenna is in the second and sixth orthogonal  frequency division multiplexing symbols of the transmission time interval:  DL RSs specification for four antenna ports in 3GPP TS36.211, V890, Section 6.10.12 & Figs 6.101.2-1
Fig. 1.2  US20060285484
Analysis for Other Standard and Essential Patents LTE Down Link Synchronization Signals Standard & Essential Patent: http://techipm-innovationfrontline.blogspot.com/2010/02/lte-innovation-mining-down-link_23.html   http://techipm-innovationfrontline.blogspot.com/2010/02/lte-innovation-mining-down-link_24.html   LTE Down Link MIMO Standard & Essential Patent: http://techipm-innovationfrontline.blogspot.com/2010/02/lte-innovation-mining-down-link-mimo.html   http://techipm-innovationfrontline.blogspot.com/2010/02/lte-innovation-mining-down-link-mimo_25.html   http://techipm-innovationfrontline.blogspot.com/2010/02/lte-innovation-mining-down-link-mimo_1717.html
Thank you! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

LTE Physical layer aspects
LTE Physical layer aspectsLTE Physical layer aspects
LTE Physical layer aspectsBP Tiwari
 
On the Performance of Carrier Interferometry OFDM by Wavelet Transform
On the Performance of Carrier Interferometry OFDM by Wavelet TransformOn the Performance of Carrier Interferometry OFDM by Wavelet Transform
On the Performance of Carrier Interferometry OFDM by Wavelet TransformIRJET Journal
 
S0 p1 faisal_ghazaleh
S0 p1 faisal_ghazalehS0 p1 faisal_ghazaleh
S0 p1 faisal_ghazalehchiqui13
 
Hybrid decode-amplify and forward protocol of FD EH relaying network: outage ...
Hybrid decode-amplify and forward protocol of FD EH relaying network: outage ...Hybrid decode-amplify and forward protocol of FD EH relaying network: outage ...
Hybrid decode-amplify and forward protocol of FD EH relaying network: outage ...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
 
Carrier aggregation explained
Carrier aggregation explainedCarrier aggregation explained
Carrier aggregation explainedDEVENDRAN M
 
L2 MAC LTE PROCEDURES revC
L2 MAC LTE PROCEDURES revCL2 MAC LTE PROCEDURES revC
L2 MAC LTE PROCEDURES revCVincent Daumont
 
WCDMA Air Interface
WCDMA Air InterfaceWCDMA Air Interface
WCDMA Air InterfaceSujeet Kumar
 
Gsm interview question answer
Gsm interview question  answerGsm interview question  answer
Gsm interview question answerEdward Kamara
 
Wcdma physical layer
Wcdma physical layerWcdma physical layer
Wcdma physical layerrajibratan
 
93755181 lte-hoping
93755181 lte-hoping93755181 lte-hoping
93755181 lte-hopingSadef Karish
 
LTE Physical Layer Transmission Mode Selection Over MIMO Scattering Channels
LTE Physical Layer Transmission Mode Selection Over MIMO Scattering ChannelsLTE Physical Layer Transmission Mode Selection Over MIMO Scattering Channels
LTE Physical Layer Transmission Mode Selection Over MIMO Scattering ChannelsIllaKolani1
 
Wcdmahelp blogspot-com 3 g interview
Wcdmahelp blogspot-com 3 g interviewWcdmahelp blogspot-com 3 g interview
Wcdmahelp blogspot-com 3 g interviewBouziane Beldjilali
 
15082005174118 wca article-vfinal
15082005174118 wca article-vfinal15082005174118 wca article-vfinal
15082005174118 wca article-vfinalsunilareddyk
 
RACH procedure in LTE
RACH procedure in LTERACH procedure in LTE
RACH procedure in LTEdebamoha
 
LTE TDD Technology Overview
LTE TDD Technology OverviewLTE TDD Technology Overview
LTE TDD Technology OverviewGoing LTE
 
BER Analysis of OFDM Systems with Varying Frequency Offset Factor over AWGN a...
BER Analysis of OFDM Systems with Varying Frequency Offset Factor over AWGN a...BER Analysis of OFDM Systems with Varying Frequency Offset Factor over AWGN a...
BER Analysis of OFDM Systems with Varying Frequency Offset Factor over AWGN a...rahulmonikasharma
 

La actualidad más candente (20)

LTE Physical layer aspects
LTE Physical layer aspectsLTE Physical layer aspects
LTE Physical layer aspects
 
On the Performance of Carrier Interferometry OFDM by Wavelet Transform
On the Performance of Carrier Interferometry OFDM by Wavelet TransformOn the Performance of Carrier Interferometry OFDM by Wavelet Transform
On the Performance of Carrier Interferometry OFDM by Wavelet Transform
 
S0 p1 faisal_ghazaleh
S0 p1 faisal_ghazalehS0 p1 faisal_ghazaleh
S0 p1 faisal_ghazaleh
 
Hybrid decode-amplify and forward protocol of FD EH relaying network: outage ...
Hybrid decode-amplify and forward protocol of FD EH relaying network: outage ...Hybrid decode-amplify and forward protocol of FD EH relaying network: outage ...
Hybrid decode-amplify and forward protocol of FD EH relaying network: outage ...
 
Carrier aggregation explained
Carrier aggregation explainedCarrier aggregation explained
Carrier aggregation explained
 
Lte antennas for 17EC81
Lte antennas for 17EC81Lte antennas for 17EC81
Lte antennas for 17EC81
 
Rach procedure in lte
Rach procedure in lteRach procedure in lte
Rach procedure in lte
 
L2 MAC LTE PROCEDURES revC
L2 MAC LTE PROCEDURES revCL2 MAC LTE PROCEDURES revC
L2 MAC LTE PROCEDURES revC
 
WCDMA Air Interface
WCDMA Air InterfaceWCDMA Air Interface
WCDMA Air Interface
 
Gsm interview question answer
Gsm interview question  answerGsm interview question  answer
Gsm interview question answer
 
Wcdma physical layer
Wcdma physical layerWcdma physical layer
Wcdma physical layer
 
ieeeTemplateWImax1Lab08196366(1)
ieeeTemplateWImax1Lab08196366(1)ieeeTemplateWImax1Lab08196366(1)
ieeeTemplateWImax1Lab08196366(1)
 
93755181 lte-hoping
93755181 lte-hoping93755181 lte-hoping
93755181 lte-hoping
 
LTE Physical Layer Transmission Mode Selection Over MIMO Scattering Channels
LTE Physical Layer Transmission Mode Selection Over MIMO Scattering ChannelsLTE Physical Layer Transmission Mode Selection Over MIMO Scattering Channels
LTE Physical Layer Transmission Mode Selection Over MIMO Scattering Channels
 
Wcdmahelp blogspot-com 3 g interview
Wcdmahelp blogspot-com 3 g interviewWcdmahelp blogspot-com 3 g interview
Wcdmahelp blogspot-com 3 g interview
 
15082005174118 wca article-vfinal
15082005174118 wca article-vfinal15082005174118 wca article-vfinal
15082005174118 wca article-vfinal
 
RACH procedure in LTE
RACH procedure in LTERACH procedure in LTE
RACH procedure in LTE
 
FINAL SEMINAR REPORT-OFDM
FINAL SEMINAR REPORT-OFDMFINAL SEMINAR REPORT-OFDM
FINAL SEMINAR REPORT-OFDM
 
LTE TDD Technology Overview
LTE TDD Technology OverviewLTE TDD Technology Overview
LTE TDD Technology Overview
 
BER Analysis of OFDM Systems with Varying Frequency Offset Factor over AWGN a...
BER Analysis of OFDM Systems with Varying Frequency Offset Factor over AWGN a...BER Analysis of OFDM Systems with Varying Frequency Offset Factor over AWGN a...
BER Analysis of OFDM Systems with Varying Frequency Offset Factor over AWGN a...
 

Destacado

Strategic Patent Management & Monetization 2Q 2015
Strategic Patent Management & Monetization 2Q 2015Strategic Patent Management & Monetization 2Q 2015
Strategic Patent Management & Monetization 2Q 2015Alex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
UCSD Career Boost Career Revolution
UCSD Career Boost Career RevolutionUCSD Career Boost Career Revolution
UCSD Career Boost Career RevolutionUC San Diego
 
LTE Standard Essential Patents Nokia v InterDigital Analysis 4Q 2013
LTE Standard Essential Patents Nokia v InterDigital Analysis 4Q 2013LTE Standard Essential Patents Nokia v InterDigital Analysis 4Q 2013
LTE Standard Essential Patents Nokia v InterDigital Analysis 4Q 2013Alex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
Research methodology
Research methodologyResearch methodology
Research methodologydhinnar
 
Toniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
ToniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiToniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Toniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiguestabc3dd6
 
How I Learned to Stop Worrying, and Love Open Source Software Foundations
How I Learned to Stop Worrying, and Love Open Source Software FoundationsHow I Learned to Stop Worrying, and Love Open Source Software Foundations
How I Learned to Stop Worrying, and Love Open Source Software FoundationsJoe Brockmeier
 
Presentación HMES.
Presentación HMES.Presentación HMES.
Presentación HMES.guesta04b80
 
Esperio - Passion for the People
Esperio - Passion for the PeopleEsperio - Passion for the People
Esperio - Passion for the Peopleaprovisi
 
Friedensreich hundertwasser architektura
Friedensreich hundertwasser architekturaFriedensreich hundertwasser architektura
Friedensreich hundertwasser architekturaLuiz Carlos Dias
 
Prosvjed U Zagrebu
Prosvjed U  ZagrebuProsvjed U  Zagrebu
Prosvjed U Zagrebugrlica22
 
테크아이피엠, 웨어러블 · IoT 특허분쟁 예측 및 전략수립 시스템 개발
테크아이피엠, 웨어러블 · IoT 특허분쟁 예측 및 전략수립 시스템 개발테크아이피엠, 웨어러블 · IoT 특허분쟁 예측 및 전략수립 시스템 개발
테크아이피엠, 웨어러블 · IoT 특허분쟁 예측 및 전략수립 시스템 개발Alex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
Biweekly Financial Commentary 08 01 28.A
Biweekly Financial Commentary 08 01 28.ABiweekly Financial Commentary 08 01 28.A
Biweekly Financial Commentary 08 01 28.AAnt Wong
 
Infomgmt assignment 1
Infomgmt assignment 1Infomgmt assignment 1
Infomgmt assignment 1li wang
 
Increasing Monetization Activities Exploiting LTE Patents
Increasing Monetization Activities Exploiting LTE PatentsIncreasing Monetization Activities Exploiting LTE Patents
Increasing Monetization Activities Exploiting LTE PatentsAlex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
Community Over Code: How to Build a Successful Project
Community Over Code: How to Build a Successful ProjectCommunity Over Code: How to Build a Successful Project
Community Over Code: How to Build a Successful ProjectJoe Brockmeier
 

Destacado (20)

Cognitive Radios for LTE & TVWS
Cognitive Radios for LTE & TVWSCognitive Radios for LTE & TVWS
Cognitive Radios for LTE & TVWS
 
Strategic Patent Management & Monetization 2Q 2015
Strategic Patent Management & Monetization 2Q 2015Strategic Patent Management & Monetization 2Q 2015
Strategic Patent Management & Monetization 2Q 2015
 
UCSD Career Boost Career Revolution
UCSD Career Boost Career RevolutionUCSD Career Boost Career Revolution
UCSD Career Boost Career Revolution
 
LTE Standard Essential Patents Nokia v InterDigital Analysis 4Q 2013
LTE Standard Essential Patents Nokia v InterDigital Analysis 4Q 2013LTE Standard Essential Patents Nokia v InterDigital Analysis 4Q 2013
LTE Standard Essential Patents Nokia v InterDigital Analysis 4Q 2013
 
Venetia panorama
Venetia panoramaVenetia panorama
Venetia panorama
 
Jeddah e mar Vermelho
Jeddah e mar VermelhoJeddah e mar Vermelho
Jeddah e mar Vermelho
 
Research methodology
Research methodologyResearch methodology
Research methodology
 
Toniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
ToniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiToniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Toniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
 
How I Learned to Stop Worrying, and Love Open Source Software Foundations
How I Learned to Stop Worrying, and Love Open Source Software FoundationsHow I Learned to Stop Worrying, and Love Open Source Software Foundations
How I Learned to Stop Worrying, and Love Open Source Software Foundations
 
Presentación HMES.
Presentación HMES.Presentación HMES.
Presentación HMES.
 
Esperio - Passion for the People
Esperio - Passion for the PeopleEsperio - Passion for the People
Esperio - Passion for the People
 
Friedensreich hundertwasser architektura
Friedensreich hundertwasser architekturaFriedensreich hundertwasser architektura
Friedensreich hundertwasser architektura
 
Mountains majesty
Mountains majestyMountains majesty
Mountains majesty
 
Prosvjed U Zagrebu
Prosvjed U  ZagrebuProsvjed U  Zagrebu
Prosvjed U Zagrebu
 
Bodas da Rainha Elizabeth
Bodas da Rainha ElizabethBodas da Rainha Elizabeth
Bodas da Rainha Elizabeth
 
테크아이피엠, 웨어러블 · IoT 특허분쟁 예측 및 전략수립 시스템 개발
테크아이피엠, 웨어러블 · IoT 특허분쟁 예측 및 전략수립 시스템 개발테크아이피엠, 웨어러블 · IoT 특허분쟁 예측 및 전략수립 시스템 개발
테크아이피엠, 웨어러블 · IoT 특허분쟁 예측 및 전략수립 시스템 개발
 
Biweekly Financial Commentary 08 01 28.A
Biweekly Financial Commentary 08 01 28.ABiweekly Financial Commentary 08 01 28.A
Biweekly Financial Commentary 08 01 28.A
 
Infomgmt assignment 1
Infomgmt assignment 1Infomgmt assignment 1
Infomgmt assignment 1
 
Increasing Monetization Activities Exploiting LTE Patents
Increasing Monetization Activities Exploiting LTE PatentsIncreasing Monetization Activities Exploiting LTE Patents
Increasing Monetization Activities Exploiting LTE Patents
 
Community Over Code: How to Build a Successful Project
Community Over Code: How to Build a Successful ProjectCommunity Over Code: How to Build a Successful Project
Community Over Code: How to Build a Successful Project
 

Similar a LTE Patent for Standard 2010 1 Q

International Journal of Engineering Research and Development
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentInternational Journal of Engineering Research and Development
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
 
HYBRID LS-LMMSE CHANNEL ESTIMATION Technique for LTE Downlink Systems
HYBRID LS-LMMSE CHANNEL ESTIMATION Technique for LTE Downlink SystemsHYBRID LS-LMMSE CHANNEL ESTIMATION Technique for LTE Downlink Systems
HYBRID LS-LMMSE CHANNEL ESTIMATION Technique for LTE Downlink Systemsijngnjournal
 
WC & LTE 4G Broadband Module 2- 2019 by Prof.Suresha V
WC & LTE 4G Broadband  Module 2- 2019 by Prof.Suresha VWC & LTE 4G Broadband  Module 2- 2019 by Prof.Suresha V
WC & LTE 4G Broadband Module 2- 2019 by Prof.Suresha VSURESHA V
 
REALIZATION OF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER ARCHITECTURE FOR DOWNLINK CHANNELS IN...
REALIZATION OF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER ARCHITECTURE FOR DOWNLINK CHANNELS IN...REALIZATION OF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER ARCHITECTURE FOR DOWNLINK CHANNELS IN...
REALIZATION OF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER ARCHITECTURE FOR DOWNLINK CHANNELS IN...VLSICS Design
 
Performance evaluation of multicast video distribution using lte a in vehicul...
Performance evaluation of multicast video distribution using lte a in vehicul...Performance evaluation of multicast video distribution using lte a in vehicul...
Performance evaluation of multicast video distribution using lte a in vehicul...Communication Systems & Networks
 
Performance improvement of mimo mc cdma system using relay and itbf
Performance improvement of mimo mc  cdma system using relay and itbfPerformance improvement of mimo mc  cdma system using relay and itbf
Performance improvement of mimo mc cdma system using relay and itbfTamilarasan N
 
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM System
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM SystemDesigning and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM System
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM SystemIOSR Journals
 
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM System
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM SystemDesigning and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM System
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM SystemIOSR Journals
 
A SEMI BLIND CHANNEL ESTIMATION METHOD BASED ON HYBRID NEURAL NETWORKS FOR UP...
A SEMI BLIND CHANNEL ESTIMATION METHOD BASED ON HYBRID NEURAL NETWORKS FOR UP...A SEMI BLIND CHANNEL ESTIMATION METHOD BASED ON HYBRID NEURAL NETWORKS FOR UP...
A SEMI BLIND CHANNEL ESTIMATION METHOD BASED ON HYBRID NEURAL NETWORKS FOR UP...ijwmn
 
Comparative performance analysis of different modulation techniques for papr ...
Comparative performance analysis of different modulation techniques for papr ...Comparative performance analysis of different modulation techniques for papr ...
Comparative performance analysis of different modulation techniques for papr ...IJCNCJournal
 
Time_and_Frequency_Synchronization_for_OTFS.pdf
Time_and_Frequency_Synchronization_for_OTFS.pdfTime_and_Frequency_Synchronization_for_OTFS.pdf
Time_and_Frequency_Synchronization_for_OTFS.pdfdileepbapatla
 
Minimization Of Inter Symbol Interference Based Error in OFDM System Using A...
Minimization Of Inter Symbol Interference Based Error in  OFDM System Using A...Minimization Of Inter Symbol Interference Based Error in  OFDM System Using A...
Minimization Of Inter Symbol Interference Based Error in OFDM System Using A...IJMER
 
Coded OFDM in Fiber-Optics Communication Systems with Optimum biasing of Laser
Coded OFDM in Fiber-Optics Communication Systems with Optimum biasing of LaserCoded OFDM in Fiber-Optics Communication Systems with Optimum biasing of Laser
Coded OFDM in Fiber-Optics Communication Systems with Optimum biasing of LaserCSCJournals
 
Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM )
Coherent  Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM )Coherent  Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM )
Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM )BhaSkar Nath
 

Similar a LTE Patent for Standard 2010 1 Q (20)

LTE Essential Patent Analysis 1Q 2010
LTE Essential Patent Analysis 1Q 2010LTE Essential Patent Analysis 1Q 2010
LTE Essential Patent Analysis 1Q 2010
 
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentInternational Journal of Engineering Research and Development
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development
 
HYBRID LS-LMMSE CHANNEL ESTIMATION Technique for LTE Downlink Systems
HYBRID LS-LMMSE CHANNEL ESTIMATION Technique for LTE Downlink SystemsHYBRID LS-LMMSE CHANNEL ESTIMATION Technique for LTE Downlink Systems
HYBRID LS-LMMSE CHANNEL ESTIMATION Technique for LTE Downlink Systems
 
Channel estimation
Channel estimationChannel estimation
Channel estimation
 
H04654853
H04654853H04654853
H04654853
 
ltewp
ltewpltewp
ltewp
 
WC & LTE 4G Broadband Module 2- 2019 by Prof.Suresha V
WC & LTE 4G Broadband  Module 2- 2019 by Prof.Suresha VWC & LTE 4G Broadband  Module 2- 2019 by Prof.Suresha V
WC & LTE 4G Broadband Module 2- 2019 by Prof.Suresha V
 
REALIZATION OF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER ARCHITECTURE FOR DOWNLINK CHANNELS IN...
REALIZATION OF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER ARCHITECTURE FOR DOWNLINK CHANNELS IN...REALIZATION OF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER ARCHITECTURE FOR DOWNLINK CHANNELS IN...
REALIZATION OF TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER ARCHITECTURE FOR DOWNLINK CHANNELS IN...
 
Performance evaluation of multicast video distribution using lte a in vehicul...
Performance evaluation of multicast video distribution using lte a in vehicul...Performance evaluation of multicast video distribution using lte a in vehicul...
Performance evaluation of multicast video distribution using lte a in vehicul...
 
E213152
E213152E213152
E213152
 
Performance improvement of mimo mc cdma system using relay and itbf
Performance improvement of mimo mc  cdma system using relay and itbfPerformance improvement of mimo mc  cdma system using relay and itbf
Performance improvement of mimo mc cdma system using relay and itbf
 
He3512531256
He3512531256He3512531256
He3512531256
 
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM System
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM SystemDesigning and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM System
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM System
 
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM System
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM SystemDesigning and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM System
Designing and Performance Evaluation of 64 QAM OFDM System
 
A SEMI BLIND CHANNEL ESTIMATION METHOD BASED ON HYBRID NEURAL NETWORKS FOR UP...
A SEMI BLIND CHANNEL ESTIMATION METHOD BASED ON HYBRID NEURAL NETWORKS FOR UP...A SEMI BLIND CHANNEL ESTIMATION METHOD BASED ON HYBRID NEURAL NETWORKS FOR UP...
A SEMI BLIND CHANNEL ESTIMATION METHOD BASED ON HYBRID NEURAL NETWORKS FOR UP...
 
Comparative performance analysis of different modulation techniques for papr ...
Comparative performance analysis of different modulation techniques for papr ...Comparative performance analysis of different modulation techniques for papr ...
Comparative performance analysis of different modulation techniques for papr ...
 
Time_and_Frequency_Synchronization_for_OTFS.pdf
Time_and_Frequency_Synchronization_for_OTFS.pdfTime_and_Frequency_Synchronization_for_OTFS.pdf
Time_and_Frequency_Synchronization_for_OTFS.pdf
 
Minimization Of Inter Symbol Interference Based Error in OFDM System Using A...
Minimization Of Inter Symbol Interference Based Error in  OFDM System Using A...Minimization Of Inter Symbol Interference Based Error in  OFDM System Using A...
Minimization Of Inter Symbol Interference Based Error in OFDM System Using A...
 
Coded OFDM in Fiber-Optics Communication Systems with Optimum biasing of Laser
Coded OFDM in Fiber-Optics Communication Systems with Optimum biasing of LaserCoded OFDM in Fiber-Optics Communication Systems with Optimum biasing of Laser
Coded OFDM in Fiber-Optics Communication Systems with Optimum biasing of Laser
 
Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM )
Coherent  Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM )Coherent  Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM )
Coherent Optical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CO-OFDM )
 

Más de Alex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP

[Presentation] Webinar on Patent Management and Patent Asset STO in the ChatG...
[Presentation] Webinar on Patent Management and Patent Asset STO in the ChatG...[Presentation] Webinar on Patent Management and Patent Asset STO in the ChatG...
[Presentation] Webinar on Patent Management and Patent Asset STO in the ChatG...Alex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
Metaverse x AI x Web3 x Sustainability Convergence
Metaverse x AI x  Web3 x Sustainability ConvergenceMetaverse x AI x  Web3 x Sustainability Convergence
Metaverse x AI x Web3 x Sustainability ConvergenceAlex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
Tokenization, Securitization, Monetization of Real-World Assets
Tokenization, Securitization, Monetization of Real-World AssetsTokenization, Securitization, Monetization of Real-World Assets
Tokenization, Securitization, Monetization of Real-World AssetsAlex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
Maximizing Innovation through ChatGPT Powered Patent Analysis
Maximizing Innovation through ChatGPT Powered Patent AnalysisMaximizing Innovation through ChatGPT Powered Patent Analysis
Maximizing Innovation through ChatGPT Powered Patent AnalysisAlex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
Maximizing AI Business Value Creation Utilizing Patents
Maximizing AI Business Value Creation Utilizing PatentsMaximizing AI Business Value Creation Utilizing Patents
Maximizing AI Business Value Creation Utilizing PatentsAlex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
Real-World Assets STO + Institutional DeFi Integration
Real-World Assets STO + Institutional DeFi IntegrationReal-World Assets STO + Institutional DeFi Integration
Real-World Assets STO + Institutional DeFi IntegrationAlex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
Metaverse & Web3 Technology Innovation & Business Development
Metaverse & Web3 Technology Innovation & Business DevelopmentMetaverse & Web3 Technology Innovation & Business Development
Metaverse & Web3 Technology Innovation & Business DevelopmentAlex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
웹3.0기반 메타버스 응용을 위한 NFT 가치개발과 가치평가 특강
웹3.0기반 메타버스 응용을 위한 NFT 가치개발과 가치평가 특강웹3.0기반 메타버스 응용을 위한 NFT 가치개발과 가치평가 특강
웹3.0기반 메타버스 응용을 위한 NFT 가치개발과 가치평가 특강Alex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
NFT for Web3 Based Metaverse Monetization Webinar.pdf
NFT for Web3 Based Metaverse Monetization Webinar.pdfNFT for Web3 Based Metaverse Monetization Webinar.pdf
NFT for Web3 Based Metaverse Monetization Webinar.pdfAlex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
FAME UNIVERSE Fashion NFT Monetization Platform Introduction
FAME UNIVERSE Fashion NFT Monetization Platform IntroductionFAME UNIVERSE Fashion NFT Monetization Platform Introduction
FAME UNIVERSE Fashion NFT Monetization Platform IntroductionAlex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 
NAVIGATING THE METAVERSE (Wiley) One Page Book Summary
NAVIGATING THE METAVERSE (Wiley)  One Page Book SummaryNAVIGATING THE METAVERSE (Wiley)  One Page Book Summary
NAVIGATING THE METAVERSE (Wiley) One Page Book SummaryAlex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP
 

Más de Alex G. Lee, Ph.D. Esq. CLP (20)

[Presentation] Webinar on Patent Management and Patent Asset STO in the ChatG...
[Presentation] Webinar on Patent Management and Patent Asset STO in the ChatG...[Presentation] Webinar on Patent Management and Patent Asset STO in the ChatG...
[Presentation] Webinar on Patent Management and Patent Asset STO in the ChatG...
 
Metaverse x AI x Web3 x Sustainability Convergence
Metaverse x AI x  Web3 x Sustainability ConvergenceMetaverse x AI x  Web3 x Sustainability Convergence
Metaverse x AI x Web3 x Sustainability Convergence
 
Tokenization, Securitization, Monetization of Real-World Assets
Tokenization, Securitization, Monetization of Real-World AssetsTokenization, Securitization, Monetization of Real-World Assets
Tokenization, Securitization, Monetization of Real-World Assets
 
Maximizing Innovation through ChatGPT Powered Patent Analysis
Maximizing Innovation through ChatGPT Powered Patent AnalysisMaximizing Innovation through ChatGPT Powered Patent Analysis
Maximizing Innovation through ChatGPT Powered Patent Analysis
 
Maximizing AI Business Value Creation Utilizing Patents
Maximizing AI Business Value Creation Utilizing PatentsMaximizing AI Business Value Creation Utilizing Patents
Maximizing AI Business Value Creation Utilizing Patents
 
Real-World Assets STO + Institutional DeFi Integration
Real-World Assets STO + Institutional DeFi IntegrationReal-World Assets STO + Institutional DeFi Integration
Real-World Assets STO + Institutional DeFi Integration
 
Metaverse x Web3 Interoperability Overview
Metaverse x Web3 Interoperability OverviewMetaverse x Web3 Interoperability Overview
Metaverse x Web3 Interoperability Overview
 
AI for Metaverse x Web3 Overview
AI for Metaverse x Web3 OverviewAI for Metaverse x Web3 Overview
AI for Metaverse x Web3 Overview
 
NFT Web3 Metaverse Global Leaders Roundtable
NFT Web3 Metaverse Global Leaders RoundtableNFT Web3 Metaverse Global Leaders Roundtable
NFT Web3 Metaverse Global Leaders Roundtable
 
Fame Universe Introduction
Fame Universe IntroductionFame Universe Introduction
Fame Universe Introduction
 
Metaverse Fashion Overview
Metaverse Fashion OverviewMetaverse Fashion Overview
Metaverse Fashion Overview
 
Global Metaverse Fashion Innovators Roadshow
Global Metaverse Fashion Innovators RoadshowGlobal Metaverse Fashion Innovators Roadshow
Global Metaverse Fashion Innovators Roadshow
 
NFT Financialization Overview
NFT Financialization OverviewNFT Financialization Overview
NFT Financialization Overview
 
Metaverse & Web3 Technology Innovation & Business Development
Metaverse & Web3 Technology Innovation & Business DevelopmentMetaverse & Web3 Technology Innovation & Business Development
Metaverse & Web3 Technology Innovation & Business Development
 
NFT Monetization Innovation Webinar
NFT Monetization Innovation WebinarNFT Monetization Innovation Webinar
NFT Monetization Innovation Webinar
 
웹3.0기반 메타버스 응용을 위한 NFT 가치개발과 가치평가 특강
웹3.0기반 메타버스 응용을 위한 NFT 가치개발과 가치평가 특강웹3.0기반 메타버스 응용을 위한 NFT 가치개발과 가치평가 특강
웹3.0기반 메타버스 응용을 위한 NFT 가치개발과 가치평가 특강
 
NFT for Web3 Based Metaverse Monetization Webinar.pdf
NFT for Web3 Based Metaverse Monetization Webinar.pdfNFT for Web3 Based Metaverse Monetization Webinar.pdf
NFT for Web3 Based Metaverse Monetization Webinar.pdf
 
FAME UNIVERSE Fashion NFT Monetization Platform Introduction
FAME UNIVERSE Fashion NFT Monetization Platform IntroductionFAME UNIVERSE Fashion NFT Monetization Platform Introduction
FAME UNIVERSE Fashion NFT Monetization Platform Introduction
 
NAVIGATING THE METAVERSE (Wiley) One Page Book Summary
NAVIGATING THE METAVERSE (Wiley)  One Page Book SummaryNAVIGATING THE METAVERSE (Wiley)  One Page Book Summary
NAVIGATING THE METAVERSE (Wiley) One Page Book Summary
 
FAME Universe Introduction
FAME Universe IntroductionFAME Universe Introduction
FAME Universe Introduction
 

Último

activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfJamie (Taka) Wang
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding TeamAdam Moalla
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7DianaGray10
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsSeth Reyes
 
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsIgniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsSafe Software
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024SkyPlanner
 
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarAI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarPrecisely
 
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAAnypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAshyamraj55
 
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Website
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a WebsiteCOMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Website
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Websitedgelyza
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8DianaGray10
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxGDSC PJATK
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdfPedro Manuel
 
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLDesigning A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLRuncy Oommen
 
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXVoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXTarek Kalaji
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioChristian Posta
 
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...DianaGray10
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6DianaGray10
 
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IES VE
 
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDEADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDELiveplex
 
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfMachine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfAijun Zhang
 

Último (20)

activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
 
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration WorkflowsIgniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
Igniting Next Level Productivity with AI-Infused Data Integration Workflows
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
 
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarAI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
 
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAAnypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
 
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Website
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a WebsiteCOMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Website
COMPUTER 10 Lesson 8 - Building a Website
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
 
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLDesigning A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
 
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBXVoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
VoIP Service and Marketing using Odoo and Asterisk PBX
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
 
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 6
 
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
 
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDEADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
 
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfMachine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
 

LTE Patent for Standard 2010 1 Q

  • 1. LTE Patent for Standard Analysis Sample 1Q. 2010
  • 2. 1. 1 Down Link Reference Signals Standard (1) 3GPP LTE standard TS36.211 specifies the down link reference signals (DL RSs) in section 6.10. The specification defines the DL RSs in three types: Cell-specific reference signals, UE-specific reference signals, and MBSFN reference signals. DL RSs are needed to carry out coherent demodulation at UE through DL channel estimation. The cell-specific RSs are available to all UEs in a cell and span the entire cell bandwidth. The structure and characteristics of the cell-specific RSs are as follows (Ref. Figure 1.1): 1. The OFDM symbols form a two-dimensional sequence (corresponds to one of 504 difference cell identities, NID_cell) and are arranged in a 'diamond shape' lattice structure to achieve the minimum interpolation errors for the channel estimation. 2. Considering the case of high channel frequency selectivity and high UE velocity, there are four reference symbols per RB (Resource Block) for optimal channel estimation.
  • 3. 1. 1 Down Link Reference Signals Standard (1) -2 3. There are six frequency shifts of the reference symbols corresponds to 84 different cell identities (the reference symbols are inserted within the first and the third from the last OFDM symbol for a given slot of RBs and staggered by three subcarriers relative to each other). 4. For the case of four antenna ports, the reference symbols of the second antenna port are shifted by three subcarriers with respect to the reference symbols of the first antenna port in each OFDM symbols. The reference symbols for the third and fourth antenna ports are located within the second OFDM symbols of each slot (two reference symbols per RB) to reduce the overhead in multiple channel estimations. 5. DL RSs are generated using QPSK modulation for low PAPR (Peak-to Average Power Ratio).
  • 4. Fig. 1.1 Cell-specific DL RSs structure
  • 5. 1. 2 Down Link Reference Signals Essential Patent (1) 3GPP Patent application publication US20060285484,entitled Pilot Design and Channel Estimation, is a candidate for LTE DL RSs essential patent. BACKGROUND In an OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) based communication system, pilot symbols are transmitted in addition to data symbols to provide a reference for the receiver to estimate the channel medium and accordingly demodulate the received signal. OFDM systems periodically insert reference (or pilot) symbols that are known a priori, into the transmission signal. The receiver can thus estimate the channel response based on the received pilot symbols and the known transmitted pilot symbols. A pilot signal also referred to as reference signal is composed of the pilot symbols.
  • 6. 1. 2 Down Link Reference Signals Essential Patent (1) -2 PRIOR ART Channel estimation is based on time and frequency interpolation among pilot sub-carriers in order to obtain the channel estimates at the position corresponding to data sub-carriers. In order to be able to perform frequency interpolation, the pilot sub-carrier spacing in the frequency domain should be smaller than the 50% correlation coherence bandwidth of the channel for all channels of interest. Similarly, in order to be able to perform time interpolation, the pilot sub-carrier spacing in the time domain should be smaller than the 50% coherence time of the channel at the operating carrier frequency for all UE speeds of interest. There is a need for an improved pilot structure design in the prior arts in order to achieve accurate channel estimates for high user equipment (UE) speeds in mobile operations while also achieve the ability to use substantial pilot energy from succeeding TTI (Transmission Time Interval) with minimum latency.
  • 7. 1. 2 Down Link Reference Signals Essential Patent (1) -3 INVENTION Embodiments of the invention provide method and apparatus for generating a structure in a OFDM communication system having a transmitter with a least one transmitting antenna to achieve accurate channel estimates for high UE speeds and high channel frequency selectivity in mobile operations. CLAIM 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the transmission time interval comprises of seven orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols and wherein the pilot signal from at least one transmitting antenna is located in the first and fifth OFDM symbols of a transmission time interval: DL RSs specification for single antenna port in 3GPP TS36.211, V890, Section 6.10.12 & Figs 6.101.2-1
  • 8. 1. 2 Down Link Reference Signals Essential Patent (1) -4 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the transmitter has at least two antennas, said method further comprising: locating a pilot signal from a second antenna into two orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of said frame such that the pilot power of the pilot signal from the second antenna is in the first and fifth orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of the transmission time interval: DL RSs specification for two antenna ports in 3GPP TS36.211, V890, Section 6.10.12 & Figs 6.101.2-1
  • 9. 1. 2 Down Link Reference Signals Essential Patent (1) -5 The method of claim 3, wherein the transmitter has at least four antennas, said method further comprising: locating a pilot signal from a third antenna into two orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of said frame such that the pilot power of the pilot signal from the third antenna is in the second and sixth orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of the transmission time interval; and locating a pilot signal from a fourth antenna into two orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of said frame such that the pilot power of the pilot signal from the fourth antenna is in the second and sixth orthogonal frequency division multiplexing symbols of the transmission time interval: DL RSs specification for four antenna ports in 3GPP TS36.211, V890, Section 6.10.12 & Figs 6.101.2-1
  • 10. Fig. 1.2 US20060285484
  • 11. Analysis for Other Standard and Essential Patents LTE Down Link Synchronization Signals Standard & Essential Patent: http://techipm-innovationfrontline.blogspot.com/2010/02/lte-innovation-mining-down-link_23.html http://techipm-innovationfrontline.blogspot.com/2010/02/lte-innovation-mining-down-link_24.html LTE Down Link MIMO Standard & Essential Patent: http://techipm-innovationfrontline.blogspot.com/2010/02/lte-innovation-mining-down-link-mimo.html http://techipm-innovationfrontline.blogspot.com/2010/02/lte-innovation-mining-down-link-mimo_25.html http://techipm-innovationfrontline.blogspot.com/2010/02/lte-innovation-mining-down-link-mimo_1717.html
  • 12.