7. Temperature
• Air temperature is measured
using maximum - minimum
thermometers.
• Q: What would the
temperatures be on this
thermometer?
A: Minimum = 6°C, Maximum = 18°C
8. Temperature.
• Thermometers are housed in a
Stevenson Screen. These are
always off the ground and
painted white!
Q: Why are thermometers kept
there? Why is it white?
A: It provides shelter from wind, rain, snow
and animals. The white colour reflects the
sunlight so heat doesn’t build up inside the
box.
9. Precipitation.
• Precipitation is any
moisture that comes
from the atmosphere
(rain, snow, hail).
• The amount of
precipitation is
measured using a
rain gauge.
Q: Where do you think would be best to place a rain
gauge? Beside a building or in an open space?
10. Sunshine hours.
Sunshine
Glass Ball
• The total amount of
sunshine in a day
is measured using
a sunshine
recorder.
• The sun’s rays
travel through the
glass ball and burn
marks onto the
Strip of
card behind it.
card
11. Air Pressure.
• Air pressure is
measured using a
barometer and
recorded using a
barograph.
• It is measured in
millibars (mb).
Barometer
Barograph
12. Wind.
Wind is measured in two ways with two instruments:
1. Wind Direction – Wind Vane
2. Wind Speed – Anemometer
Wind Vane: the arrow
points in the direction that
the wind is coming from.
Anemometer: the stronger the
wind the faster the caps turn.
The number of turns in a given
time gives us the wind speed in
knots.
13. Cloud cover.
• Cloud cover is measured
just by using our eyes.
• You look at the sky and
decide how cloudy it is –
and estimate how many
eighths of the sky are
covered.
• Cloud cover is measured in
oktas.
15. What affects Texas’ Weather &
Climate?
• Air Masses
• Distance from
Equator
• Elevation
16. Air Masses
• The Continental
Tropical and the
Maritime Tropical air
masses most impact
Texas weather and
climate
17. Distance from Equator
Equator
The further in land you go the hotter it gets in the
Summer and the colder it gets in the Winter!
What do you notice about all the places
along the dotted line?
19. Elevation
• In the very western part of Texas, there are mountains
San
Antonio
20. Climate Graphs.
• Climate graphs
show two different
things – average
monthly rainfall
& average
monthly
temperatures.
• How do you
draw a climate
graph?
22. A bar-chart is drawn to
show the average monthly
rainfall.
A line graph is then added to
show average monthly
temperatures.
Months
Rainfall (mm)
Temperature
(°C)
Drawing a climate graph.
23. Draw a climate graph!
What would climate charts for San Antonio look like?
San Antonio Average Monthly Temperature
Jan
Average Temperature
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
49.2
53.8
61.7
69.3
75.5
82.2
85
84.9
79.3
70.2
60.4
52.2
25. Climate Graph for Grand
Rapids, Michigan
Ja n
Average
Monthly
Temperature
Fe b
Ma r
Apr
Ma y
Ju n
Ju l
Aug
Sep
Oct
No v
De c
21.8
23.7
34.1
46
57.5
67
71.6
69.5
61
49.5
38
27.1
26. Review
•What is weather?
•In what ways is weather measured?
•What affects Texas’ weather and climate?
•What are climate graphs?
Notas del editor
Weather forecast from Sky in the video button – probably been removed by now though so just change it to any weather forecast.