1. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
TRANSGENIC CROPS BOON OR
BANE
P.ILANANGAI
IP CONSULTANT
PATENT DEPARTMENT

2. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
• A transgenic crop plant contains a gene or genes which have
been artificially inserted instead of the plant acquiring them
through pollination. The inserted gene sequence (known as the
transgene) may come from a completely different species.
• Traditionally, only plants of the same or closely related species
can be crossed to obtain a desired genetic outcome.
• By using transgenic technology, plant breeders can combine
desirable traits and genes from different species of plants and
even from other organisms, such as bacteria.
• Plant breeders alter transgenic plants to make them more
tolerant of heat, cold, drought, or rain.
• The countries that grow more transgenic crops are the United
States, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Paraguay, and South
Africa.
INTRODUCTION

3. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
• Bt cotton Insecticide sweet corn
• Golden rice Tomatoes
EXAMPLES

4. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
• The world population has crossed 650 crores and is
predicted to increase further in the coming decades.
Ensuring an adequate food supply for this booming
population is going to be a major challenge in the years to
come. Genetically modified foods promise to meet this
need in a number of ways.
• Some scientists and food producers believe that
genetically modified (GM) food crops could help solve
problems of matching food supply to demand, but many
other researchers and health advocates believe that
widespread use of genetically modified foods carry health
risks and could have a negative impact on the ecosystem.
WHY GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS?

5. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
• The introduction of high-yielding varieties of seeds
and the use of chemical fertilizers and irrigation
provided a much-needed increase in food production
levels and a decline in dependence on imports.
• However, in the last few decades, the overuse of
pesticides and insecticides has led to increasing
health hazards and depletion of overall soil quality.
• While some experts believe that the way forward for
India is to take organic farming seriously, others
argue that GM crops will lead to a second
agricultural revolution in the country.
• contd..
INDIA AND GM CROPS

6. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
• However, there are many in India who remain
convinced that GM crops are not only unsafe for
consumption, but also inappropriate for a primarily
agrarian economy. Concerns include unknown or
unintended environmental and ecological hazards,
unknown effects on human and animal health, as well
as economic implications for small and marginal
farmers forced to buy expensive seeds on a yearly
basis.
• Bt cotton, a patented product of Monsanto, remains
the first and only GM crop to be commercially
cultivated in India, in 2002.
• contd…

7. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
• Following Bt cotton, the Indian Government tried
to introduce Bt brinjal (eggplant) towards the end
of 2009. Bt brinjal is the first transgenic edible
crop to be introduced into India.

8. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF GM PLANTS
Pest resistance:
•Large use of chemical pesticides
•Food treated with pesticides has potential health
hazards
•Use of pesticides and fertilisers poison the water supply
and cause harm to the environment.
GM foods can help eliminate the application of chemical
pesticides.
CONSEQUENCES OF TRANSGENIC CROPS

9. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Herbicide tolerance:
•Use of large quantities of different herbicides (weed-
killer) to destroy weeds
Crop plants genetically-engineered to be resistant to one
very powerful herbicide could help prevent environmental
damage by reducing the amount of herbicides needed.
Disease resistance:
• There are many viruses, fungi and bacteria that cause
plant diseases.
Plant biologists are working to create plants with
genetically-engineered resistance to these diseases.

10. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Cold tolerance:
•Unexpected frost can destroy sensitive seedlings in case of crops
grown in higher altitudes like apples in Himachal Pradesh and
Kashmir, potatoes in Shimla, and saffron in Kashmir.
An antifreeze gene from cold-water fish indeed has been introduced
into some plants such as potato.
Drought tolerance/salinity tolerance:
•As the world population grows and more land is utilized for housing
instead of food production, farmers will need to grow crops in
locations previously unsuited for cultivation.
Creating plants that can withstand long periods of drought or high
salt content in soil and groundwater will help people to grow crops in
formerly inhospitable places.

11. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Nutrition:
•Malnutrition is common in third world countries where
impoverished people rely on a single crop such as rice for the
main staple of their diet.
If rice could be genetically engineered to contain additional
vitamins and minerals, nutrient deficiencies could be alleviated.
Pharmaceuticals:
•Genetically modified crops are under development to produce
and deliver vaccines. This is vitally important to protecting the
health of people in developing nations and preventing
epidemics.

12. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
POTENTIAL RISKS OF GM PLANTS
•Genetic modification is fundamentally different from
selective breeding because it transfers genes between
species in ways that could never happen naturally.
•Genetic engineering alters the fundamental
composition of crops. While natural crossbreeding
restricts the types of hybrids that can be produced,
genetic engineering allows for gene transfers between
vastly unrelated species, such as fish and tomatoes.
• contd..

13. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
• Risks include potential health problems for human beings,
such as new or more virulent allergens and carcinogens, and
increased resistance to antibiotics. Especially babies are more
vulnerable to developing allergies. Children in the US and
Europe have developed life-threatening allergies to peanuts
and other foods.
• Risks to the environment include the unintended transfer of
genes to other species, decreased biodiversity.
• Inadvertent cross-pollination could lead to the creation of
“super weeds”; insect-resistant crops could harm insect species
that are not pests.
• Corporations create and patent GM seeds, they will control the
market. This circumstance would be more likely to increase
world hunger than to alleviate it.
• contd..

14. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
• Creating and patenting new life forms is unethical.
• It is the obligation of the technology innovators, producers,
and the government to assure the public of the safety of the
novel foods that they offer as well as their benign effect on
the environment.
• Now, research is focused on “second-generation” GM crops
that will feature increased nutritional and/or industrial traits.
These crops will have more direct benefits to consumers.
Examples include:
Rice enriched with iron, vitamin A and E, and lysine
Potatoes with higher starch content, and inulin
Edible vaccines in maize, banana and potatoes
Healthier oils from soybean and canola
Allergen-free nuts.

15. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
CASE LAWS
• Monsanto Co v McFarling
• The court upheld Monsanto's patent licensing
practice of forbidding farmers from saving seeds
from GM crops for replanting.
• Monsanto’s Patent on Method of Producing
Transgenic Plants refused by IPAB
• Monsanto’s Indian patent application
2407/DEL/NP/2006 on transgenic plants with
heat/salt/draught tolerant plants is rejected by IPAB.
The subject patent application was rejected on lack
of inventive step under 2(1)(ja) in view of three
prior art references and under section 3(d).

16. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
• Usually GM seeds are patented so the farmer has to buy the
seeds again from the company year after year.
• There are natural ways to grow crops and still keep the yields
high for long term.
• Organic food and natural herbicides usage is also becoming
quiet popular in European countries.
• Stay Organic, Stay Natural, Stay Healthy!!!!

17. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
# 48, Race Course Road,
Coimbatore - 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 – 6552921
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
THANK YOU