" The GOOD, the BAD & the UGLY" by Amirul HM & Group in January 2009 FOR & AGAINST Presentation for European Studies taught by Prof. Panos from Greece & Dr. Seidleman from Germany. - Amirul HM, Malaysia ( the UGLY) - Raf, Philippines ( the BAD ) - Fizah & Ai Yamada, Malaysia & Japan( the GOOD ) - Kurt, Switzerland ( Neutral cum Judge )

1. BRITISH COLONIALISM IN MALAYSIA “ the good, the bad & the ugly“ by Ai Yamada, Maarhafizah Maaroff, Amirul Haji Mohamad, Raffael Ignacio & Kurt Läubli

2. Accusation Charge: the United Kingdom isaccused of exploitingMalaya/Malaysia as itscolonialruler and hinderingitsprogress  Lord Kurt Läubli, Judge   Ms. MaarhafizahMaaroff, QC Tan Sri Amirul Haji Mohamad   Ms. AiYamada, QC DatukSeri Raffael Ignacio  

3. Colonial History of Malaysia: a brief overview

4. The Good Aspects (1) Better Education System Introduced English Education System, a Cambridge System recognized for its quality. Better education system compare to Malay education system, up to primary school only. opportunities to pursue tertiary education

5. United Kingdom’s Financial Expenditure in Malaya & British Borneo. (Figures in Pound Sterling millions, rounded to nearest thousand) Category of Expenditure Fin. Years 1951-52 1952-53 1953-54 Colonial Development and Welfare .693 1.169 1.095 British Council .009 .014 .021 Source: FO/371/123259, “United Kingdom Financial Years in Colombo Plan Countries, Commonwealth and Sterling Area, 1951-54

6. The Good Aspects (2) Flourish Malaysia Economy open large rubber estates, oil palm estates, tin mines and large scale industrial establishments Improved infrastructures & facilities i.e. good roads, modern towns, schools, & economic prosperity.

7. The Bad Aspects The British EXPLOITED Malaysian natural resources to fuel and sustain the empire in light of the Industrial Revolution. The British DISRUPTED racial relations and institutionalized racial ideology

10. British built divisive race relationship? 1.For providing labor forces to new emerging industry, rubber plantation and tin mining in late 19th century, it was necessary to have many migrants from China and India! 2.By injecting abundant of labor forces, the British could achieved rapid economic growth in Malaya.

11. Government Structure British gave an opportunity to learn English to Malays. ↓ Malays could hold higher bureaucratic and political positions. British reinforced the principle of Malay dominance in government.

12. Security Arrangements When the communist insurgency occurred, British prepared future security arrangements because Malaya didn’t have any security mechanism at that time. This security arrangements have been maintained in Malaysia until today.

14. Brits can’t even defend Malaya in WW2.

15. WhiningCOWARDSwho surrendered easily dueto the easy life they had inMALAYA.

17. UGLY ( 1 ) BRUTAL SUPPRESSION OF OPPOSITION ( HARD – UGLY ) e.g. 1875-Perak(many Patriots Hanged & Exiled Sultan Abdullah), 1948-Batang Kali Massacre 1948 - 24 Chinese villagers murdered in Cold Blood By the 7th Platoon, Scottish Guards in B.K, Selangor (detained 25villagers, thinking they were communists ….. gunned them down) 1992 – BBC Documentary “ In Cold Blood” 2008 – GBP80m compensation claim(30+50)

27. Audience Poll: Were the British guilty of exploiting Malaya / Malaysia?