3D Printing New Technology

1. 3D Printing Technology and its
Applications
By
Prof. A.J.More
Department of Engineering Sciences

2. Whatis3D printing?
3D + PRINTING= 3D PRINTING
The technology used for printing physical 3d objects from digital out is called 3d printing.
“ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING”
Technologies build 3Dthat
objects by adding layer-upon-
layer of material, whether the
plastic, metal,
any composite
material is
concrete or
materials.
Aperson creates a 3D
image of an item usinga
computer-aided design
(CAD)software program.
TheCADinformation is
sent to theprinter.
The printer forms the item
by depositing the material
in layers—starting from the
bottom layer—onto a
platform
+ a visualization tool in design
+ a means to create highly customized
products for consumers and professionals
+ as industrial tooling
+ to produce small lots of productionparts
Slide No- 2
Diverse Needs -
Prof.A.J.More

3. History-Timeline
1984 – 1987
Charles Hull invents
3D printing andcoins
the term “Stereo
Lithography”
1992
3D systemsproduce
the first SLA3D
Printer machine
1999
Scientists manageto
grow organs from
patient’s cells
2000
Thefirst 3D inkjet
printer producedby
Object Geometries.
2002
A 3D printed miniature
kidney is manufactured.
Scientists aim to produce
full-sized, workingorgans.
2008
Thefirst 3D prosthetic
leg is produced.
2011
Thefirst 3D printed
car (Urbee by Kor
Ecologic).
Projected Growth
Slide No- 3
2012
Thefirst 3D printed
jaw is produced in
Holland byLayerWise.
Prof.A.J.More

4. Working
No
Yes
Manufacturing a model with the 3Dprinter Layer by layer
Slide No- 4
Whole manufacturing process
Prof.A.J.More

5. Typesof3D printing
There are three types
of Printer.
1.Stereo lithography
(SLA)
2.Selective laser
sintering (SLS)
3. Fused deposition
modeling (FDM)
Selective laser sintering (SLS)
Slide No- 5
Stereo lithography (SL)
Fused deposition modeling (FDM)
Prof.A.J.More

6. 1. Stereolithography
• Stereo lithography was the first type of 3D Printingcreated.
• This type of 3D Printing consists of a vertically movable vat anda
horizontally movable UVlight.
• Instead of ink, the vat is filled with a type of resin (photopolymer) that
becomes hard when exposed to UVlight.
• Because photopolymers are photosensitive under UVlight, the resin is
solidified and forms a single layer of the desired 3Dobject.
• This process is repeated for each layer of the design until the 3D objectis
complete.
Advantages - is its speed; functional parts
can be manufactured within aday.
Disadvantages - it is often costly;common
photopolymers can cost about $800 per
gallon and SLAmachines can cost
$250,000.
Slide No- 6
Prof.A.J.More

7. 2. Selectivelasersintering(SLS)
• In powder-bed SLS,a layer of powdered material is carefully
laid down by a leveler or roller on the buildtray.
• Layer thickness varies based on laser strength, material, or
tolerance desired.
• Is an additive manufacturing technique that uses a high
power laser (for example, a carbon dioxide laser) to fuse
small particles of plastic, metal (direct metal laser
sintering), ceramic or glass powders into a mass that
has a desired 3-dimensional shape).
Slide No- 7
SLA liquid photopolymers cost $80 to $100 or more per
liter. SLS powders costs between $300 and $600 per
kilogram, and can be difficult to evenpurchase.
Prof.A.J.More

8. 3. Fuseddepositionmodelling (FDM)
Fused Deposition Modeling is process that uses a continuous
filament of a thermoplasticmaterial.
In this type of 3D Printing, instead of a vat, there is a flat surface
to build the 3D Model on,
Instead of a UVlight, there is an extruder, a nozzle that melts a
string of plastic thatcomes in one end and forces a small stream
of plastic out the otherend.
Slide No- 8
Prof.A.J.More

9. 3D
Printing
Medical
Food
Games &
Entertain
ment
Product
design
Defense
& Space
Fashion &
Retail
Applications
1. Design Prototypes:
o 3-Dimensional Printing concept model, functional
prototypes and presentation models for
evaluating and refining design, and packaging.
Slide No- 9
2. Education:
o Engage students by bringing digital concepts into
the real world, turning their ideas into real-life 3D
color models that they can actually hold in their
hands.
3. Healthcare:
o Rapidly produce 3D models to reduce operating time,
enhance patient and, and improve patient outcomes.
4.Architecture:
o Rapidly produce 3D models, concept models,
produces smooth, detailed architectural models in an
array of materials, including rigidphotopolymers.
Prof.A.J.More

10. Applicationsin Architecture
Architects Michael Hansmeyer and Benjamin Dillenburgerprinted
these columns.
Architectural models
Benches, furniture
Sculptures
Lamps for lighting
Prof.A.J.More

11. OtherApplications
In food preparation, to apply items in liquid or paste formsuch as cheese, icing, and chocolate.
Medical industry-Physicianscan use 3D
printing to make hearing aids, artificialteeth,
and bone grafts. 3D printedJaw
This 3D-printed cast to help repair broken bones
may be the future of medical orthopedic casts. 3D-
printed casts also bring out the positive potential of
this emerging technology.
Prof.A.J.More

12. OtherApplications
Richard Van As, a South African carpenter, assembles a
Robohand and fits it to Liam Dippenaar. Liam was born
without fingers on his right hand. Makerbot provided them
with the 3D printing technology that they used to print the
parts for the Robot hand.
Microsoft will providesupport
for 3D printers in the next
update of its Windows 8
operating system. The firm
has struck deals with a
number of major 3D printer
makers including Makerbot,
3D Systems, Formlabs,
Dassault and Stratasys.
WikiHouse is an open source
construction set by a small, but
growing, community of people
all around the world. There is
no fixed design “team” or
“studio,” but a steadily growing
community of designers.
Automotive and aviation
industries
Urbee the first prototype
car 2011 was presented.
This is the first car everto
have its body printed out
on a 3D printer.
. Prof.A.J.More

13. Advantages
• RAPID PROTOTYPING: 3D printing
gives designers the ability to
quickly turn concepts into 3D
models or prototypes (a.k.a., rapid
prototyping).
• Clean process. Wastage of material
is negligible.
• Complex shape can be produced .
• EASYTOUSE No skilled person
needed.
Disadvantages
• Process is slow
• Components do not have enough strength.
• COSTOFRAWMATERIALS
• 3-D printers are still expensive.
• Misuse of technology
• Although 3-D printers have the potential of creating many
jobs and opportunities, they might also put certain jobs
at risk .
• Material limitation.
Prof.A.J.More

14. • With today's 3D printers, if you print anything you
want and use. With tomorrow's, if you lose your
remote, you'll be able to print a newremote.
• 3D printers are always getting cheaperand
better.
• There is currently research going on to create 3D
printers that could print out organs for people in
need of a transplant.
• Within a decade, 3D printers will become
commonplace in houses.
Thebenefits of suchtechnologyare
endless.
Future
Conclusion
• 3D printing is an expanding technology which may soon
start an industry in which everyone has the possibility of
being a manufacturer.
• 3D printing has a lot of possible benefits tosociety,
although the products created must beregulated.
• 3D printing has only been used on small scale projectsin
the construction industry and there are a lot of
challenges that need to be dealt with prior toconsidering
adopting it as one of the main constructiontechnologies.
Nothing communicates ideas faster than a three-
dimensional part or model. With a 3D printer you can bring
CADfiles and design ideas to life – right fromyour desktop.
Test form, fit and function – and as many design variations
as you like – with functionalparts.
Prof.A.J.More

15. References
• http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn23781-windows-aims-to-open-up-3d-printing-to-the-masses.html.
• http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn23785-printed-drones-to-hunt-down-drugrunning-boats.html.
• http://www.psfk.com/2013/07/3d-printed-fashion-show.html.
• http://www.stratasys.com/resources/case-studies
• http://www.wikihouse.cc/
• http://on3dprinting.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/20120806-Infographic-How-3D-Printing-Works-Preview.jpg
• http://lunarscience.nasa.gov/articles/building-a-lunar-base-with-3d-printing/
• http://www.3ders.org/articles/20130706-3d-printable-drone-it-yourself-kit-turns-any-object-into-an-uav.html
• http://creativemachines.cornell.edu/ornithopter
• http://www.3ders.org/articles/20130702-3d-printed-drones-to-monitor-illegal-operations-at-sea.html
• http://betabeat.com/2013/05/first-fully-3d-printed-gun-created/
Prof.A.J.More

16. Thank You