Should have posted 1 year ago. In this Global Azure Bootcamp 2017, I had a chance to share how to connect IoT devices to Azure IoT Hub by leveraging LoRa/LoRaWAN connectivity.

3. 3rd Global Azure Bootcamp
organized by
https://edu.dycode.co.id/azurebootcamp/

5. A BIG thank you to the 2017 Global Sponsors!
For providing the “Stuff We All Get”!

6. Sponsor Offering
Cloudmonix
https://cloudmonix.com/
Cloudmonix offers 1 full month of unlimited
monitoring under the Ultimate plan.
SentryOne
http://www.sentryone.com/
SQL Sentry offers an extended evaluation for
every attendee.
ServiceBus360
http://www.servicebus360.com/
Servicebus360 offers an extended license until
September 30 for all attendees, and this for 3
namespaces, 3 alarms per namespace, 3
resources per namespace to monitor and 2
users.
OpsGility
http://www.Opsgility.com/
Opsgility offers a 30 day subscription free trial
for all attendees.
“Stuff We All Get”

7. Raffle Prizes
1 Winner: One license chosen from ReSharper, dotTrace Memory, dotTrace
Performance, dotCover, dotPeek, PhpStorm, PyCharm, IntelliJ IDEA, AppCode,
WebStorm, RubyMine. You’ll receive a voucher with a code from the organizers.
MyGet is offering a free Starter subscription for 1 year for 1 attendee per location.
Give your Full name and email to the Organizers.
1 Winner: a 1 year license of DBSentry (formerly Performance Advisor for Azure
SQL Database) for raffle per location. Give your Full name and email to the
Organizers.
They offer 3 12-month subscriptions per GAB Location.
Give your Full name, email phone and company to the Organizers.

8. Time to get going!
Have a GREAT Azure day!

9. Azure
IoT Hub
GLOBAL AZURE BOOTCAMP 2017 - Bandung, April 22
for Low-Power
Long-Range IoT
Connectivity

10. Internet of Things
Connectivity

11. First coined in 2009 by Kevin Ashton, RFID
pioneer and cofounder of the Auto-ID Center at
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Internet of Things

12. “Network of physical objects with embedded
electronics, software, connectivity, and people to
enable connectivity to exchange data, for
intelligent applications and services„
Internet of Things

13. Things Connectivity People & Processes
Data Data
Internet of Things

14. A story in 2003
around IoT connectivity

15. My final year
project in 2003
was kind of IoT
Design and Implementation of Home Lighting
Control System and Home Monitoring System
using Mobile Phone over Internet

16. Circa 2003, original archive
Lamps
Web Cam
Modem for
SMS & GPRS
Home
Server
GPRS GPRS
My final project
Architecture
“The Thing”

17. GPRS
2.5G, 40 - 80 kbps
Mobile Home Server
Achieved 12 secs/frame
NOT 12 frame/secs (fps) :)
My final project
Video streaming
Circa 2003, original archive

18. That’s what I had in 2003
for ubiquitous (wide area) IoT connectivity

19. CONNECTIVITY
is one of the biggest challenges to
creating a true IoT
…yet it always fascinates me!

20. Fast forward to now

21. oh hi…
Before continuing…

22. fb.com/andri.yadi | a at dycode dot com
http://andriyadi.me | http://dycodex.com
Andri Yadi

23. makestro.comCEO
ambassador

24. 150+ Speakings
30+ talks about IoT
for the past 2 years

25. Proudly coder for
19 years
ASM, QBasic, Pascal, c, C++, Java, PHP,
Bash, C#, Visual Basic, HTML, JavaScript,
Python, Objective-C, Swift
.NET, Qt/QML, Java ME/EE/SE, Android
SDK, iOS SDK, Node.js
ARM MBED, ESP8266, Arduino/Wiring

26. IoT Software Lead, DycodeX

27. Cellular IoT (CIoT)
connectivity we NOW have
Fast, efficient
Up to 10 Mbps for 4G LTE
Ubiquitous coverage
Reliable & secure
Not designed for IoT in mind
High power consumption
Relatively expensive: modules,
data plan
Provisioning, manageability
Advantages Considerations

28. Cellular IoT (CIoT)
connectivity we WILL have
EC-GSM-IoT
LTE-M / eMTC
NB-IoT
Low data throughput
Low power
Low device & deployment cost
Extended coverage
Technologies Common Traits

29. 3
Evolution of IoT Connectivity in 3GPP/GSMA
5 MHz200 kHz 1.4 MHz 5/10/15/20 MHz
Other
influences
GSM LTE Cat-1+
Delay
Tolerant
Access
Cat-0
Cat-M1
Cat-NB1EC-GSM
UMTS
GSM is the original wide-area M2M
wireless connectivity technology. EC-GSM
enhances it to keep it competitive.
UMTS did not see any significant push
towards a low-power variant.
LTE-M (Cat-M1) is a concession to the
low-power/low-throughput device within
mainstream LTE.
NB-IoT (Cat-NB1), a new RAN technology,
is the official LPWAN contestant from the
3GPP/GSMA stable
Evolution of IoT Connectivity
in 3GPP/GSMA

30. LPWA
Competing technologies

31. Communication Technologies - Overview
Mbps
Kbps
bps
10 m 100 m 1 km 10 km
Baud rate
Range
Wi-Fi / BT
Short Range LPWAN
ST Confidential
Cellular
-M
-NB-IOT
5G
850/1900 MHz
900/1800 MHz
Sub-GHz
2.4 GHz
WIFI/BT
Short Range LPWAN
Cellular
IoT Connectivity: Range vs Speed

32. Cellular
Range
Battery Life
LONG
SHORT LONG
Local network
(WiFi, ZigBee, Z-Wave)
Personal network
(Bluetooth)
Low-Power Wide-Area Network
(LPWAN: Sigfox, LoRa, Dash7)
Source: Alexander Vanwynsberghe, Blog article 'Long-range radios will change how the Internet of Things communicates'
IoT Connectivity: Range vs Power

33. What is LPWA
Low Power, Wide Area Networks
Low data throughput = High
sensitivity = Long range
Relatively low cost
Multiple Access = One-to-Many
Architecture
Using licensed or unlicensed
spectrum

34. License-free Spectrum
EC-
-m
Licensed Spectrum
LPWA: Technologies

35. Disclaimer
Obviously, I can not go deep into each
technologies!

36. Cost
Modules, deployment, operational cost
Usage Model / Licensing
SIGFOX – Required to utilize their public network
LoRa – Proprietary physical layer but open MAC
Regional Regulatory
Allowed frequency for ISM band
In Europe, duty-cycle is 1% for end-devices
Upstream/Downstream
SIGFOX – nearly entirely upstream
LoRaWAN – has 3 classes supporting different balances of upstream & downstream
Hardware & Network Availability
Is it available NOW?
LPWA: Selection Factors

37. LoRa?

38. Wireless modulation technology
Physical (PHY) layer for long range
communications
Operates in the license-free ISM bands all
around the world
• 433, 868, 915 Mhz
• Regulated (power, duty-cycle, bandwidth) E.g: EU:
0.1% or 1% per sub-band duty-cycle limitation (per
hour)
Sensitivity: -142 dBm
Link budget (EU): 156 dB
What is LoRa

39. ISM Regulation ISM worldwide regulation 7
Output Power vs Duty Cycle
Countries Frequency band review Max. output power
EU 868 MHz 14 dBm
USA 915 MHz 20 dBm
Korea 900 MHz
14 dBm
Japan 920 MHz
Malaysia 862 to 875 MHz
20 dBm
Philippines 868 MHz
Vietnam 920 to 925 MHz
India 865 to 867 MHz
Singapore 922 MHz
Thailand 920 to 925 MHz
Indonesia 922 MHz
ANZ 915 to 928 MHz
Taiwan 920 to 925 MHz
China 470 to 510 MHz 17 dBm
919 to 923MHz

40. Communications protocol and
architecture that utilizes the LoRa
physical layer
Data rates are defined that range from
300bps to 5.5kbps
Has 2 high-speed channels at 11kbps and 50kbps
(using FSK modulation)
It supports
• secure bi-directional communication,
• mobility
• localization
What is LoRaWAN

41. LoRa/LoRaWAN Architecture

42. DEMO

44. ENVIRONMENTAL
Demo…

45. Demo Node: ESPectro + LoRa + Alora Kit
by DycodeX

46. ESPectro
ESP8266
by DycodeX

47. Alora Kit
by DycodeX

48. WiFi
WiFi Access
Point
Cellular
(3G/4G)
Backend-side
Sensor
Node
Demo #1: WiFi Connection
Things-side
Azure IoT Hub

49. Demo #1: Code
WiFiClientSecure tlsClient;
AzureIoTHubMQTTClient client(tlsClient, IOTHUB_HOSTNAME, DEVICE_ID, DEVICE_KEY);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.print("Connecting to WiFi...");
//Begin WiFi joining with provided Access Point name and password
WiFi.begin(AP_SSID, AP_PASS);
//Should wait for WiFi connection here…
Serial.print("nBeginning Azure IoT Hub Client... ");
if (client.begin()) {
Serial.println("OK");
}
}
void loop() {
//MUST CALL THIS in loop()
client.run();
if (client.connected()) { // Publish a message roughly every 3 second. Only after time is retrieved and set properly.
if(millis() - lastMillis > 3000 && timeStatus() != timeNotSet) {
lastMillis = millis();
//Read the actual temperature from sensor
float temp, press;
readSensor(&temp, &press);
//Get current timestamp, using Time lib
time_t currentTime = now();
//Publish to Azure IoT Hub
AzureIoTHubMQTTClient::KeyValueMap keyVal = {{"MTemperature", temp}, {"MPressure", press}, {"DeviceId", DEVICE_ID}, {"EventTime", currentTime}};
client.sendEventWithKeyVal(keyVal);
}
}
delay(10); // <- fixes some issues with WiFi stability
}
Sample & Library:
https://github.com/andriyadi/AzureIoTHubMQTTClient

50. Demo #2: Leverage LoRa/LoRaWAN
LoRa
LoRaWAN
Gateway
Bridge
Cellular
(3G/4G)
Backend-side
Sensor
Node Azure IoT Hub
Things-side
Network Server
MQTT AMQP

51. LoRaWAN Gateway

52. Demo #2: Payload Format
LoRa
LoRaWAN
Gateway
Bridge
Cellular
Backend-side
Sensor
Node
Azure IoT Hub
Things-side
Network Server
MQTT AMQP
9B 09 05 24 4B
1D 18 09 32 1E
65 A3 00 00 79
01 FF FF 55 B8
D2 BB AB 47 4A
00 C7 02 E5 FE
D6 FF F6 FF F5
FF 2B E2 50 00
9B 09 05 24 4B
1D 18 09 32 1E
65 A3 00 00 79
01 FF FF 55 B8
D2 BB AB 47 4A
00 C7 02 E5 FE
D6 FF F6 FF F5
FF 2B E2 50 00
{
“lux”, 31.21,
“temp”: 23.21
}
{
“lux”, 31.21,
“temp”: 23.21
}

53. TTN to Azure IoT Hub Bridge
https://github.com/TheThingsNetwork/integration-azure
'use strict'
const fs = require('fs')
const ttnazureiot = require('.')
const ttn = require('ttn')
// TTN related settings
const appId = process.env.TTN_APP_ID || 'alora-01'
const processId = process.env.TTN_PROCESS_ID
const accessKey = process.env.TTN_APP_ACCESS_KEY || ‘YOUR_OWN_KEY’
const region = process.env.TTN_REGION || 'eu'
// Azure related settings
const hubName = process.env.TTN_AZURE_HUBNAME || 'dycodex-iot-lab'
const keyName = process.env.TTN_AZURE_KEYNAME || 'iothubowner'
const key = process.env.TTN_AZURE_KEY || 'YOUR_OWN_KEY'
const mqttCertPath = process.env.TTN_MQTT_CERT || `${__dirname}/mqtt-ca.pem`
const options = { protocol: ‘mqtts', ca: fs.readFileSync(mqttCertPath) }
const bridge = new ttnazureiot.Bridge(region, appId, accessKey, hubName, keyName, key, options)
bridge.on('info', message => { console.log('[INFO]', message) })
bridge.on('error', message => { console.warn('[ERROR]', message) })
bridge.on('warn', message => { console.warn('[WARN]', message) })

54. Why the hassle?

55. SCALABILITY!

56. IoT in Agriculture

57. LoRaWAN Architecture
Source: http://www.frugalprototype.com/technologie-lora-reseau-lorawan/

58. Source: https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/wiki/Backend/Home
The Things Network Architecture

59. Source: https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/wiki/Backend/Home
The Things Network Architecture

60. Azure Domains
Backend-side
Azure IoT Hub
MQTT
AMQP
HTTPS
… ?

61. Devices Device Connectivity Storage Analytics Presentation & Action
Event Hubs SQL Database
Machine
Learning
App Service
IoT Hubs
Table/Blob
Storage
Stream
Analytics
Power BI
Service Bus DocumentDB HDInsight
Notification
Hubs
External Data
Sources
External Data
Sources
Data Factory Mobile Services
BizTalk Services
{ }

62. ASSET TRACKING
A real-world use case, that we did…

63. (Planned) tens of thousand of assets
to track
Deployed in country-side: no cellular
coverage, hard to reach once
deployed
Battery should last at least 3 years
Trigger alert if asset is moved and
track its movement
Requirement

64. Low power MCU: Microchip/Atmel ATSAMD21
Sufficient clock, flash, RAM, peripherals
Interrupt: RTC, external -> useful for wake-up
Brain
Sensor
IMU sensor: gyroscope, accelerometer,
magnetometer. Will wake up MCU upon
significant movement
Obviously, need GPS module to track location
Battery
Lithium-thionyl chloride cells (Li-SoCl2) to
reduce self-discharging rate
19Ah enough for 3+ years
Solution: Hardware-side

65. Most deployment areas are not covered by
any cellular services
Cellular
Wi-Fi
Nearby “civilization” is 5 km away.
Not having clean LoS to use directional
antenna
Power consumption consideration
LPWA
Can be an option, but which one? It should be:
Private network
Easy and cheap enough to implement now
Options: Connectivity

66. 3 - 5km LoRaWAN
Gateway
LoRaWAN
Network
Server
LoRaWAN
Application
Server
Cellular
(3G/4G)
Makestro Cloud
as Backend
Tracker
Node
Solution: Architecture

67. System only wake up upon: timer interrupt and
external interrupt (significant motion & displacement)
During sleeping:
Turn off unneeded MCU peripherals
Turn off GPS and radio
Keep IMU sensor alive with the lowest update
frequency
Only transmit data:
By timer (depends on OTA configuration)
Upon alert/interrupt
Circuit design optimation: reduce pull-ups, etc
Low power technique

68. by DycodeX
LoRaWAN Tracker Node
GPS/GNSS
Module
Backup/RTC
Battery
GPS
Antenna
LoRa
Antenna

69. MCU: Atmel
SAMD21
IMU* & Temperature
Sensor
LoRa
Module
Battery
Gauge
Battery
Charger
Battery
Connector
*IMU = Inertial Measurement Unit: accelerometer,
gyroscope
Internals

70. LoRaWAN GatewayLoRaWAN Node

71. How to start?

72. Use development board + modules!
ESPectro + LoRa + Alora Kit

73. Rainbowrd
3G & GNSS
WiFi & BLE
NFC
LoRa/
LoRaWAN
Ultimate IoT
connectivity board!

74. Be a maker!

75. A movement to “democratize”
knowledge, hardware kit, and software
to help makers to start making in
hardware.
Disclosure: it’s initiated and supported by DycodeX, but doesn’t own it

76. ENABLING MAKER MOVEMENT

77. Learning
Shop
Community
Software
Projects, tutorials, videos, news,
professional trainings
Hardware marketplace: kits,
devboards, maker tools
IoT Cloud infrastructure, software
libraries, sample code
Offline meetups, seminars,
training/hands-on, challenges

78. makestroid
makestroid
makestroid

79. DycodeX IS HIRING!
Interns are welcome

80. x@dycode.com | http://dycodex.com
IoT & maker movement enabler