ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION AND AVAILABILITY OF MAJOR VEGETABLES IN PAKISTAN

MAJOR VEGETABLES
critique
Dr Muhammad Anjum Ali
(MEMBER PLANT SCIENCES DIVISION)
PAKISTAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COUNCIL

Crops under discussion have
CERTAIN CORE AREAS
and can be grown under
SUITABLE WEATHER AND SOIL
CONDITION REGIMES

TOMATO AVAILABILITY CALENDAR
Province Major Producing Areas Sowing
Season
Availability
Punjab Southern Punjab
Central Punjab
Rahim Yar Khan
Khushab
Rabi April – May
May – June
Nov – Dec
Jan - Mar
KP Mardan, Swat, Deer, Malakand, Chitral,
Mansehra, Haripur, Charsada
Kharif June – Sept
Peshawar, Charsada, Nowshera, Mardan,
Malakand, Swat, Tanak, D.I. Khan
Rabi Nov – Mar
B/chistan Bolan, Kharan, Lasbella, Turbat, Sibi Rabi Nov – Mar
Quetta, Loralai, Qila Saifullah, Mastung,
Khuzdar, Pishin
Kharif Jul – Oct
Sindh Badin, Thatta, Karachi, Noshero Feroze,
Nawabshah, Umerkot, Hyderabad, Nasrpur,
Mirpurkhas, Jamesabad
Rabi Nov - Mar
WET SEASON AND FROST DAMAGE CROP AND INCREASE PRICES

AREA AND PRODUCTION OF TOMATO CROP
57.4
58.2
63.2
60.7
61.9
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Area(000ha)
577.9
574.1
599.7
570.6
587
555
560
565
570
575
580
585
590
595
600
605
2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Production(000tons)

TOMATO CROP STATISTICS BY PROVINCES
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
%ContributioninArea
Punjab
Sindh
KP
Balochistan
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
%ContributioninProduction
Punjab
Sindh
KP
Balochistan

SUPPLY CYCLE OF TOMATO
Province-wise
Per Capita
Consumption
(kg/head/year)
Punjab Sindh KPK Baluchistan
April-June
(19.5%)
December-April
(36.0%)
July-September
(17.0%)
August-November
(27.6%)
Punjab 4.08 0.106
Million Tons
0.196
Million Tons
0.092
Million Tons
0.150
Million Tons
Sindh 7.20 Consumption (Million Tons)
KP 10.56 0.647
(53%)
0.282
(23%)
0.179
(15%)
0.073
(6%)
Balochistan 7.32 Surplus / Deficit (Million Tons)
-0.541 -0.086 -0.087 +0.077
Administrative
Unit
Consumption
(m. tons)
National Production = 0.543 Million Tons
Per Capita Consumption = 5.88 Kg/Head
Consumption = 1.222 Million Tons
Gap = 0.679 Million Tons
FATA 0.029 (2%)
ICT 0.012 (1%)

MONTHLY WHOLE SALE PRICE OF TOMATOES
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
AverageMonthlyPricesperKg
Lahore
2015
2016
2017
AVG
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Hyderabad
2015
2016
2017
AVG
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Peshawar
2015
2016
2017
AVG
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Quetta
2015
2016
2017
AVG

ONION AVAILABILITY CALENDAR
Province Nursery / Sowing Transplanting Harvesting
Punjab October / November December / January May / June
KP October December / January June / July
(Lower Sindh)
(Upper Sindh)
June / September
October / November
July / October
November / February
October / February
March / May
Baluchistan – February / March (direct
seedling)
September /
November

AREA AND PRODUCTION OF ONION CROP
129.7
126
143.9
130.5
136
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Area(000ha)
1692.3
1660.8
1740.2
1671
1736.4
1620
1640
1660
1680
1700
1720
1740
1760
2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Production(000tons)

ONION CROP STATISTICS BY PROVINCES
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
%ContributioninArea
Punjab
Sindh
KP
Balochistan
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Punjab
Sindh
KP
Balochistan

SUPPLY CYCLE OF ONION
Province-wise
Per Capita
Consumption
(kg/head/year)
May / June
(18.1%)
October / February
March / May (39.9%)
June / July
(11.1%)
September /
November
(30.9%)
Punjab 10.80 0.303
Million
Tons
0.667
Million Tons
0.186
Million Tons
0.516
Million Tons
KP 10.20 1.215
(53%)
0.529
(23%)
0.337
(15%)
0.136
(6%)
Balochistan 9.36 Surplus / Deficit (Million Tons)
-0.912 +0.138 -0.151 +0.380
Administrative
Unit
Consumption
(m. tons)
FATA 0.055 (2%)
ICT 0.022 (1%)

MONTHLY WHOLE SALE PRICE OF ONION
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Lahore
2015
2016
2017
AVG
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Hyderabad
2015
2016
2017
AVG
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Quetta
2015
2016
2017
AVG
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Peshawar
2015
2016
2017
AVG

6.7 7
7.5
8 8.1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Area(000ha)
AREA AND PRODUCTION OF GARLIC
57.3 60.6
64.5
73.1 70.9
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Production(000tons)

GARLIC CROP STATISTICS BY PROVINCES
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
%ContributioninArea
Punjab
Sindh
KP
Balochistan
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Punjab
Sindh
KP
Balochistan

SUPPLY CYCLE OF GARLIC
March-April
(33.8%)
February- March
(09.9%)
April-December
(45.1%)
April-May
(11.3%)
0.024
Million Tons
0.007
Million Tons
0.032
Million Tons
0.008
Million Tons
Consumption (Million Tons)
0.062
(53%)
0.027
(23%)
0.017
(15%)
0.007
(6%)
Surplus / Deficit (Million Tons)
-0.038 -0.020 +0.015 +0.001
Administrative
Unit
Consumption
(m. tons)
Per Capita Consumption = 0.566 kg/head
FATA 0.003 (2%)
ICT 0.001 (1%)

MONTHLY WHOLE SALE PRICE OF GARLIC
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Lahore
2015
2016
2017
AVG
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Hyderabad
2015
2016
2017
AVG
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Peshawar
2015
2016
2017
AVG
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Quetta
2015
2016
2017
AVG

CHILLI CROP STATISTICS IN PAKISTAN
63.6
27.4
63.6 63.2 62.5 63.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Area(000ha)
171.8
54.1
147.2 146.5
139.9 140.0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Production(000tons)

CHILLI CROP STATISTICS BY PROVINCES
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
%ContributioninArea
Punjab
Sindh
KP
Balochistan
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16
Punjab
Sindh
KP
Balochistan

SUPPLY CYCLE OF CHILLIES
Province-wise
Per Capita
Consumption
(kg/head/year)
April-June
(6.72%)
December-April
(88.49%)
July-September
(0.36%)
August-
November
(4.43%)
Punjab 0.951 0.0091
Million Tons
0.1243
Million Tons
0.0005
Million Tons
0.0061
Million Tons
KP 0.401 0.092
(53%)
0.040
(23%)
0.025
(15%)
0.010
(6%)
Balochistan
0.279
Surplus / Deficit (Million Tons)
-0.083 +0.084 -0.025 -0.004
Administrative
Unit
Consumption
(m. tons)
Consumption (total) = 0.173 Million Tons
FATA 0.004 (2%)
ICT 0.002 (1%)

MONTHLY WHOLE SALE PRICE OF CHILLIES
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Lahore
2015
2016
2017
AVG
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
Hyderabad
2015
2016
2017
AVG
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
Peshawar
2015
2016
2017
AVG
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315
Quetta
2015
2016
2017
AVG

PLAN OF ACTION
1. National Forum on Horticulture
– Covering Vegetable, Fruits, Flowers, Aromatic and Medicinal Plants
– Sub Groups can be created as well to
a) Identify core areas for all horticulture crops
b) Conduct SWOT analysis of Horticulture Sector with respect to R&D and HR
c) Area expansion targets to the provinces for at least 10% in next three years
d) Review of all Horticulture related work and export competitiveness
e) Coordination between all horticulture projects
2. National Horticulture Policy with Vision to
– diversify agriculture,
– make agriculture profitable, and
– achieve 5% annual growth in Pakistan’s Horticulture and associated
Exports
– Strengthen National and International Coordination
– Establish linkages with national stakeholders like DPP, M/o Commerce,
Provincial Governments and all other agencies by providing a platform
– Streamline compliance of National and International law

PLAN OF ACTION
3. Center of Excellence for major Horticulture through up-gradation of
existing infrastructure for technology transfer
4. Dedicated programs and budget with Short, Medium and Long
term projects on commercial horticulture
5. National Data base covering all aspects of statistical information from
crop sowing to cold storages, Market prices, major clusters, farmers
markets, Progressive farmers database, processors, exporters etc
6. Forecasting of crop size well in time to plan about import for starved
areas through modern means
7. Latest Technologies and approaches: Hydroponics, Poly Tunnels,
Staking Technologies, Urban Agriculture, Roof Top Agriculture, Kitchen
Gardening, Farmers Field Schools, Modern Communication Tools, Village
communities, One Village –one product, Small Processers at village level to
promote cottage industry at village level, Traceability, Modern Packaging
for local to local, local to national and national to international.

Major Activities
7. Database of all cold storages with daily receipt, off-take and
balance with regulations for correct information
8. Calculation of notional average price per week (with resource
persons in each province) to review on the basis of product
approaching to that market (Freight etc)
9. Linking vegetable promotion with poverty, malnutrition, healthy
food through a comprehensive approach from schools, curricula ,
national awareness etc. Education, PHAs, Universities, Seed
Companies, Cooperative Department etc to join hands. CSR
possibilities will be explored as well.
10. Creating Awareness about Food Wastage by incorporating the
theme in primary and secondary level syllabus
11. National Campaign on use of by products or value added products
in addition to fresh vegetables

VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS
Tomato
• Pickle
• Ketchup
• Juice
• Sauce
• Toast soup
• Chutney
• Puree
• Paste
• Dehydrated slices
• Powder
Onion
• Dried
• Oil
• Pickle
• Powder
Garlic
• Braids
• Scapes
• Powder
• Pickled garlic
• Pesto sauce
• Vinegars
• Jelly
• Insecticide
Chillies
. Powder
. Oboresin
. Paste
. Oil
. Sauce

Major Activities (CROPS)
1. Dedicated training of farmers on recommended production
technologies
2. Provision of quality seeds in close proximity of the farmers through
approved seed dealers only
3. Specialized extension services to ensure good quality inputs and
improvement in input efficiency with harvest and post harvest
management
4. Demonstration of Good Agriculture Practices (2 kanal) in each
village/cluster having at least 100 acre
5. Incentivizing the farmers to join clusters for reducing post harvest
losses
6. Web based IT program for weekly real time information from
production site to market

PROJECT ACTIVITIES - PUNJAB
Establishment of Model Farms Linked with Improved Supply Chain and Value Addition
– Total cost: Rs. 3,261.19 Million
– Duration: 4 years (2017-18 to 2020-21)
– Crops: Rice, Potato, Citrus, Mango, Watermelon and Tomatoes
– Objectives:
• 250,000 Acres of Land Compliant to SPS Protocols and Good Agriculture
practices,
• 50 Suppliers / Clusters (40,000 Acres Land, 80 Processors & 20 Traders /
Exporters & Logistics Compliant to International Certification and SPS
Protocols
• Farm machinery to be provided at farm level for 250,000 acres with Good
Agricultural Practices, 21 Clusters of Supply Chain Improvement Project to be
provided farm machinery and civil works on 50% subsidy up to a maximum
of 3 million,
• 50 Pack houses / processing units / cold storages / Food Service Distribution
centers / Common facility centers etc. to be established on cost sharing basis
FAO is working on Forecasting project on perishable crops
ALP of PARC is sponsoring vegetable projects. Chillies projects in Sindh are
sanctioned as well.

PROJECT ACTIVITIES - SINDH
• The Sindh Agricultural Growth Project (SAGP) aims to improve the
productivity and competitiveness of small and medium producers in
selected commodity value chains
– chilies, onions, dates, rice post-harvest loss management, and dairy
• SAGP has three components:
– capacity building and institutional development
• value chain development by building producer capacity building through
farmer group mobilization and engaging the private sector in stakeholder
forums,
• modernization of extension services and agricultural research, and
• strategic planning for the agricultural sector, including the development of
the provincial agriculture sector strategy
– investment for agriculture growth,
• development of the four key value chains by increasing productivity though
technology transfer and extension services (including post- harvest
processing) and providing marketing support
– project management and monitoring and evaluation
• support the Departments of Agriculture and Livestock in managing the
project

Objective 1 To identify opportunities for increasing community
engagement and developing rural entrepreneurships. Objective 2
To establish sustainable production and marketing opportunities
for small-scale vegetable farmers and traders. Objective 3 To test
and develop technical innovations for selected vegetable value
chains Objective 4 To scale-out improvements in vegetable value
chains, and sustain and maximise community benefits.
Strengthening vegetable value chains in Pakistan for
greater community livelihood benefits
(01 Oct(01 October 2017 to 30 September 2021)
OCTOBER 2017 to 30 September 2021
ACIAR funding
AUS $
In-Kind contribution for Pakistani
partner institutions
Total Project Value
3005,237 827,695 3832,932
M/garh, Sh/pura Tando Muhammad Khan and Khairpur (Onion, Tomato and
Chillies) Okara and Pakpattan (Potato)

ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION AND AVAILABILITY OF MAJOR VEGETABLES IN PAKISTAN

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